ernest hemingway works

7/30/2019 Ernest Hemingway works

1/28

LECTURE IIAmerican Literature


2/28

A FAREWELLTO ARMS

Style:

simple and paragraph structure is characteristically

based on simple sentences.

Most of the rhythm is provided through the use ofconjunction and and can be analyzed at the situation

where it appears.

The sentence structure is so short that it lacks

subordinate clauses(clauses that depend on the main

clause).


3/28


4/28


5/28


6/28

Hemingway, who meant his work to last forgenerations, developed his own versions of thetechnique. In A Farewell to Arms (1926), Hemingwayuses filmic montage to com- press a years time into

two pages of prose. The book begins with the much-quoted sequence, In the last summer of that year we lived in ahouse in a village that looked across the river and the plain to themountains. In the bed of the river there were pebbles and boulders,dry and white in the sun, and the water was clear and swiftly movingand blue in the channels. Troops went by the house and down the road

and the dust they raised powdered the leaves of the trees. The trunksof the trees too were dusty and the leaves fell early that year and wesaw the troops marching along the road and the dust rising andleaves, stirred by the breeze, falling and the soldiers marching andafterward the road bare and white except for the leaves.


7/28

BOOK I

End of book I, we have found certain layers of

meanings behind the story.

Book I covers the whole journey of Henry, his love

and his story about the war.

The story is about violence but violence is within the

limits/boundaries of decency.

We see a close bond between Priest and Henry.

Continued


8/28


9/28


10/28

As Priest knows what he(Henry) does not know ( it

does not matter. But there in my country..i have always been

happy ch11, 69) indicates the next

stage of life that leads him to the Divine Love. In the

end of the novel where he begs to God for the life ofCatherine. The Nada turns into the Divinity the

wish to do things for


11/28


12/28

and killed; Aymo is killed by the Italian rear guard; at

the river, two officers are executed by firing squad;

Catherine hemorrhages to death in Lausanne. Out of

sight, thousands die from cholera.

According to Carlos Baker

Catherine has entered into the novel by the degrees

into the centre of image. Her love affair begins as a

rotten game of war time seduction. Emotionally

unstable, she is easy to conquer.


13/28


14/28


15/28


16/28

Brett is not confusedshe is independent and like to

be with men in their own manners.she opposes to

adopt the feminization. Catherine on the other hand

is dependent and independent. She wants no other

men in her lifequite accurate at her own decisions.

The two kinds of war is going on, the love war and the

war in real among the countries.

Life shown is decomposed and broken.


17/28

BOOK III

Consists of incident mainly:

Henrys escaperegeneration, rebirth, birth of a new

self, a new generated man. The individual has been

made to Endure pain of life alonelike Baptism(no

longer dependent on society and his friends as in

war( ch 32 222).

The river served as a life saving agent saved Henry

from death. The water has positive connotation. Its

kind of baptism. He has been cleansed in this war(war of saving life) for glory I thought then I would drownbecause of my boots, but I thrashed and fought through the water, and

when I looked up the bank was coming toward me, and I kept thrashing

and swimming in a heavy-footed panic until I reached it


18/28

Henrys escape, and difficulties they face during their

hiding themselves from enemies.

Henrys alone fight for himself as a solitary reapwe

are kept in suspense, what would happen next.

Theres in Book III, Hemingway has captured the

feelings of soldiers with an eye of camera. War has

taken away all the pleasures and joys of a Real Life as

Henry feel for this absence of love in chapter 28 ifthere were no war we would probably all be in bed. In bed I lay me downmy head


19/28

BOOK IV

Both Henry and Catherine escape to Switzerland to

find solace and to have their child.

Archetypal imagery(recurrent) waterplay an

important part in this part.

The rowing of boat suggests the continuous struggle

to reach the destination.


20/28


21/28

The appearance of dog in this last chapter on page 299, Adog was nosing at one of the cans. What do you want? I asked and lookedinto the can to see if there was nothing I could pull out for him; there was

nothing on the top but coffee-grounds, dust and some dead flowers. Thedog is looking for something to sustain his life like Henry.

He too needs something. The image of dead flower isforeshadows the death and end of Catherine life.

Page(303 ch 41) poor, poor dear Cat. And this was theprice.what if she should die?We as readers findHemingways philosophy of life that everything has come

to an end. Use of Third Person Pronoun Theymay bereferring to the invisible tortures inflicted by society.

Transformation of Henry in the end of the novel comes tothe Spiritual levelin lines on page 312 I knew that she wontdie, Oh, God, please save her


22/28

Im not brave any more, darling. Im all broken. Theyve broken me. I

know it nowbut I get so tired of it and I feel Im going to dieRealization of death by Catherine and it shows thatwar is unnatural , the unnatural circumstances,unnatural birth and unnatural relation caused thedestruction of both of them.

The death of Catherine has been compared with theswarm of ants on the log of fire. Some immediatelydie and some get wounds like Henry who is still alive

and those are away from the fire, wait for their turn tocome. But in the end all have to die some got out, theirbodies burnt and flattened, and went off not knowing where they were

going. But most of them went toward the fire and then back toward theend and swarmed on the cool end and finally fell off into the fire. Iremember thinking that it was the end of the world


23/28

the rain is done with its role in the end of the

novelwe see in chapter 17 page 105 Ferguson's

words youll never get marriedyoull fight before youll marry.

The reality/ words come true that they could never

marry and both fight against their fate and death andnothing positive comes out of their life. The fight went

on till the end of the novel against the society, their

own faith, their own relationship and against the

circumstances.


24/28


25/28

Water has been given importance as its a life saving

force it has positive connotation, a kind of baptism.

When Henry jumps into the river to save himself, it

was the water that saved him. It was the water that

gave him the new life and a new identity removedthe filth( the thoughts about mere love affairs) and

made him a new man. No more dependent on society

but on himself and his abilities to face the world alone

with courage.


26/28

Recurrent images of Mountains and Plains:

Mountains serve as a temporary peace and plains are

on warmiseries and sufferings of people. Men are at

wartheres voiceless, faceless and unidentified

against the plain.

The color imagery has played an important role in

manifesting the settings and atmosphere of the novel

e.g., the road bare and white, branches were bare and the trunks

black with rain, the country wet and brown and dead with theautumn, there were small gray motor cars, sun went a dull yellow and

then everything was gray and it was all snow.


27/28


28/28

Thank you

ernest hemingway works

Documents