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ERP and SAP SAP University Alliances Version 2.01 Sumantra Sarkar Georgia State University Robinson College of Business 8 th November, 2011

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Page 1: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

ERP and SAPSAP University Alliances

Version 2.01

Sumantra SarkarGeorgia State University

Robinson College of Businessg8th November, 2011

Page 2: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Presentation Overview

• Business Challenges• Introduction to ERP• Introduction to SAP• Sales & Distribution• Materials Management• Production Planning• Financial Accounting• Financial Accounting • Controlling

Page 3: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Challenges – Senior Managment

• How much AR is more than 180 days old? • Today’s total Sales Orders and Collections across North Today s total Sales Orders and Collections across NorthAmerica?

• Is the Sales from West going up / down compared to the g g p / psame time last year ?

• How much did we Purchase this year from “X” globally ?• How much “fast‐moving” Inventory do we have at the New Mexico Warehouse?

• “Inventory Turnaround Time” for class A items?• How much is today’s “Production Batch cost”?• Can my Cash‐On‐Hand last me for 15 days w/out overdraft?

Page 4: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

MRP – MRP II ‐ ERP

Production planning within MRPII.

4ERP in retrospect

Page 5: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

ERP

• Integrates internal and external management information across an entire organization, embracing finance/accounting, manufacturing, sales and service, etc. 

• ERP systems automates activity with an integrated software application. 

• The purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization and manage the connections to outsidethe organization and manage the connections to outside stakeholders.

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Page 6: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Supply Chain Management

• defined as a set of three or more entities (organizations or individuals) directly involved in the upstream and downstream flows of products, services, finances. and/or information from a source to a customer

• Transaction flows from Supplier to Customers and vice versa

• Capture GL transactions underneath

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Page 7: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Revenues

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Page 8: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Vendor landscape

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Page 9: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Market share by Vendor

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Page 10: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Revenue by ERP Vendor

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Page 11: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Implementation Cost

2010 Panorama Consulting Group LLC

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Page 12: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

ERP Failures (2010) http://www.cio.com/article/647564/Biggest_ERP_Failures_of_2010

• New York's CityTime 'disaster' ‐ CityTime, an effort by New York City to modernize its payroll system, is more of an ERP "project failure of the decade" ‐ originally budgeted at around US$60 million, but has since ballooned to a colossal $700 million‐plus

• BSkyB (BSY) gets £318 million settlement from Hewlett‐Packard/EDS (HPQ) ‐ A court found that HP's EDS division had lied about how long it would take to finish the project, which was started in 2000 and originally budgeted at £48 million. BSkyB fired EDS i 2002 d l d h j b i lf b l i l i l dEDS in 2002 and completed the job itself, but costs ultimately quintupled.

• Marin County's "rip and replace" ‐Marin County sued system integrator Deloitte Consulting in connection with the system earlier this year, saying Deloitte used the project as "a trial and error training ground"project as  a trial‐and‐error training ground  

• SAP settles with Waste Management ‐ One of the ugliest ERP project legal battles in memory came to an end in May, when SAP reached a settlement with trash hauler Waste Management. Waste Management originally sued SAP for fraud in March 2008 g g g yover an allegedly failed implementation of its ERP software. The company claimed it suffered significant damages, including more than US$100 million it spent on the project, as well as more than $350 million for benefits it would have gained if the f h d k d i d dsoftware had worked as intended. 

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Page 13: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Hershey Foods Corporation (1999)

• One of the largest known project failures linked to an ERP system

• SAP was implemented in a short amount of time• The big bang approach was elected as a cutover strategyg g pp gy• Hershey lost large amounts of revenue during a high season (Halloween) because they could not fulfill orders in time, even though the inventory was available. 

• The software was not the issue• The processes were mapped in a poor manner• This is more of a Project failure than an ERP failure

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Page 14: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Hershey Income Statement

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Page 15: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Success with ERP

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Page 16: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Functional Modules

Vendors Function:• Vendor Masters

Customers Function:• Customer Masters

• Vendor/Material Analysis• Vendor Quality

• Sales Order Processing• Order Deliveries

• Vendor Rating• Vendor Payments

V d C dit St t

• Sales Invoices• Customer Receipts

D l C i i• Vendor Credit Status• Vendor Reports• Vendor Ledger

• Dealers Commission• Sales Forecasting

• Vendor Ledger

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Page 17: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Functional Modules Contd.

Accounting Function• General Ledger

Materials Function:• Material Masters

• Fixed Assets• Financial Statements

• Purchase Requisitions• Purchase Orders

• Cash Flow Statements• Product Costs

P fit bilit A l i

• Non‐Stock Items• Pricing

Q lit C t l• Profitability Analysis• Management Information 

System

• Quality Control• Purchase Ledger• Inventory ControlSystem

• Balance Sheet Analysis• Yearly Financial Statements

• Inventory Control• Tools and Gauges

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Page 18: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Presentation Overview

• Introduction to ERP• Introduction to SAP• Sales & Distribution• Materials Management• Production Planning• Financial Accounting • Controlling• Controlling

Page 19: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

What is SAP?

“Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung”

(English: “Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing”)

• SAP AGF d d i W lld f G i 1972• Founded in Walldorf, Germany in 1972

• World’s Largest Business Software Company• World’s Third‐largest Independent Software Provider

• World‐wide usage• Designed to satisfy the information needs for all business sizes (small local to large all international)• Multi‐lingual• Multi‐currencyy• Multi‐balance (parallel G/L Accounting)

Page 20: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Evolution of SAP

SAP R/3Strong ERP C

SAP R/3 Released

SAP R/3 Released in the USA

Coverage in the 

trade press

1992 ERP First Mentioned

1995 1996Davenport mega‐

1997/1998ERP at IS 

conferences

2000ERP in IS journalsMentioned

packagesj

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Page 21: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (SAP ERP)

• Enables a company to support and optimize its business processes

• Ties together disparate business functions (integrated business solution) such as• Finance (Financial Accounting, Managerial Accounting, Treasury, …)• Logistics (Sales, Procurement, Production, Fulfillment, …)• Human Resources• …

• Helps the organization run smoothly• Real‐time environment• Scalable and flexible

Page 22: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

SAP Components 

SAP PLMSD

MM CO

FI

SAP SRM

SAP CRMSAP ERP

PP

QM

AM

PS

SAP R/3Client/Server

ABAPB i

SAP NetWeaver

SAP SCMPM

HR ISWFBasis

Page 23: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

SAP ERP Business Modules

• Collections of logically related transactions within identifiable business functions• MM (“Buy”)• PP (“Make”)• SD (“Sell”)• FI and CO (“Track”)HCM• HCM

Page 24: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

SAP ERP Core Applications

• Logistics                                                    • Sales & Distribution

Human Resources‐ Personnel Management• Sales & Distribution

• Materials Management• Production Planning• Plant Maintenance

Personnel Management‐ Benefits‐ Payroll

• Plant Maintenance• Quality Management

• Finance• Financial Accounting• Managerial Accounting• Asset Management• Treasury

Page 25: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

SAP Industry Solutions

• Aerospace & Defense• Automotive• Banking

MediaMill Productsg

• Chemicals• Consumer Products• Defense & Security• Engineering, Const.

Mill ProductsMiningOil & GasPharmaceuticalsg g,

• Healthcare• High Tech• Higher Education• Industrial Machinery

PharmaceuticalsPostal ServicesProfessional ServicesPublic Sectory

• Insurance• Life Sciences• Logistics Service Prod.

RailwaysRetailTelecommunicationsUtilitiesWholesale Distribution

Page 26: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Presentation Overview

• Introduction to ERP• Introduction to SAP• Sales & Distribution• Materials Management• Production Planning• Financial Accounting • Controlling• Controlling

Page 27: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Functionality

• Sales Support• Sales Sales• Shipping and Transportation• BillingBilling• Credit Management• Foreign Trade• Foreign Trade

Page 28: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Sales Order Process

Sales OrderEntry

Pre-salesActivities

No financial impact (FI)

Entry

CheckAvailability

Activities

PickMaterials

Materials Management (MM) and Financial Accounting (FI)

Amount owed isassigned and transferred to

Amount owed by customer is received and Account Materials

Receipt ofCustomer Payment

PackBank XXXX

and Financial Accounting (FI)via automatic account

assignment

assigned and transferred toCustomer account receivable

received and Account Receivables is reduced

Post GoodsIssue

Invoice Customer

Pack MaterialsA/R XXXX

A/R XXXXSales XXXX IssueSales XXXX

COGS XXXXInventory-FG XXXX *Good Sent

Page 29: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

GL Transactions Tracking

Post Goods IssueCOGS              XXXX

INV‐FG            XXXXX

I i C tInvoice CustomerA/R                 XXXX

SALES            XXXXX

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Page 30: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

GL Transactions Tracking

Payment ReceivedyBANK             XXXX

A/R                 XXXXX

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Page 31: ERP and SAP - Department of Computer Information · PDF filePresentation Overview • Business Challenges • Introduction to ERP • Introduction to SAP • Sales & Distribution •

Production Process with SAP

• Production cycle example

VideoVideo

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