escaping the middle income trap – what can asia learn from latin america (paper)
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G`sne|) |ae _|`|e `hl Bhoiubve Jsdz|a bh I`|bh @gesbo`; @sjeh|bh`) Cs`{bi) Geqbod `hl
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C`onjsduhl ]`}es fds |ae @b`h Leveid}geh| C`hn Odhfesehoe `hl ]sdkeo| _dob`i Bhoiubvehe
bh @b` Egesjbhj Gbllie Bhodge Oduh|sbe
0? _e}|egces 3=00) K`n`s|`) Bhldheb`
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Vesbdh; @uju| 3 Sevbel; Hdvegces) 3=00
0 \ab }`}es b c`el dh Iu|bj !3=0=" `hl ls`z fsdg |ae }sdkeo| G`sne|) |ae |`|e `hl |ae lrh`gbo df bhepu`ib|r)}dhdsel cr |ae Uhb|el H`|bdh Leveid}geh| ]sdjs`g `hl oddslbh`|el cr Iub F( Id}e{'O`iv` `hl Hds` Iu|bj _eeId}e{'O`iv` `hl Iu|bj !3=0=") Iu|bj e| `i( !3=00` `hl 3=00c" `hl Iu|bj `hl Id}e{'O`iv` !3=00"(3 Hds` Iu|bj b _`guei [( _|dhe ]sdfeds df I`|bh @gesbo`h Eodhdgbo `| \ui`he Uhbvesb|r !hiu|bjM|ui`he(elu" `hlhdh'sebleh| feiidz `| |ae Oeh|es fds Jidc`i Leveid}geh| `hl |ae Bh|es'@gesbo`h Lb`idjue(
\ae vbez eq}seel bh |ab }`}es$}seeh|`|bdh `se |ae vbez df |ae `u|ads!" `hl ld hd| heoe`sbir sefieo| |ae vbez ds }dibobe df
|ae @b`h Leveid}geh| C`hn !@LC") ds b| Cd`sl df Lbseo|ds) ds |ae jdveshgeh| |aer se}seeh|( @LC lde hd| ju`s`h|ee |ae
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ds vbez }seeh|el) hds lde b| g`ne `hr se}seeh|`|bdh odhoeshbhj |ae `ge(
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Bh|sdluo|bdh
Bhepu`ib|r bh I`|bh @gesbo` b vesr abja `iiejelir |ae abjae| bh |ae zdsil `hl a` ceeh
d fds leo`le( Bh |ae i`| |zeh|r'fbve re`s |ae lb|sbcu|bdh df bhodge bh I`|bh @gesbo` a`
uhlesjdhe |zd lb|bho| |sehl( Lusbhj |ae }esbdl odg}sbel df |ae d'o`iiel id| leo`le df |ae
021= `hl |ae |suo|us`i sefdsg df |ae e`sir 022=) bhodge bhepu`ib|r bhose`el bh gd| oduh|sbe
fds zaboa odg}`s`cie l`|` b `v`bi`cie(? _|`s|bhj bh |ae eodhl a`if df |ae 022=) bhepu`ib|r cej`h |d
leoibhe !Fbjuse 0"( Ce|zeeh 3=== `hl 3==2) zabie bhepu`ib|r z` sbbhj bh d|aes }`s| df |ae zdsil) b|
leoibhel bh 0? df |ae 0: oduh|sbe fds zaboa odg}`s`cie l`|` eqb| `| `h `ves`je }`oe df oide |d 0
}esoeh| }es re`s !Fbjuse 3"(
Fbjuse 0 Bhepu`ib|r bh I`|bh @gesbo`; 022='3=== !Jbhb odeffbobeh|"
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c`bo !}sbg`sr `hl idzes eodhl`sr" eluo`|bdh `hl `h effds| |d g`ne eluo`|bdh `ooebcie bh sus`i
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6 Fds gdse dh Cdi` F`gbib` `hl D}ds|uhbl`le) ee) fds eq`g}ie Fb{cebh e| `i( !3==2"(
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