esl prin tables 20131120164854090

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090

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8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


Present Simple ● used to say what someone usually does

● action in the present taking place once, never or several times facts

● actions taking place one after another

I always study English on Tuesday.

Signal Words always, every …, never,

normally, often, seldom,

sometimes, usually

if sentences type I (If I go, …)

The Present Tenses

● action set by a timetable or schedule (for example, the take-off time for a

plane). We usually also use a future word.Only a few verbs are used in this way, for example: be, open, close, begin, start, end,

finish, arrive, come, leave, returnThe train leaves Detroit at 9pm tonight.

John starts work next week.

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


Present Progressive/Continuous

● action taking place in the moment of speaking● action taking place only for a limited period of time

● action arranged for the future

I am studying English now

Signal Wordsat the moment, just, justnow, Listen!, Look!, now,

right now

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous• used to show unfinished time

• putting emphasis on the result

• action that is still going on

• action that stopped recently

• finished action that has an influence

on the present

• action that has taken place once, never

or several times before the moment of

speaking

• used to say how long someone has been

doing something

• putting emphasis on the course orduration (not the result)

• action that is still going on

• finished action that influences the present

I have studied English twice this week . I have been studyin g English for 2 years.

Signal Wordsalready, ever, just, never, not

yet, so far, till now, up to now,

since/for , how long?

Signal Wordsall day, for 4 years, since

1993, the whole week ,

how long?

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


The Past Tenses

Simple Past• used to show a completed action

• action in the past taking place once, never or several times• actions taking place one after another

• action taking place in the middle of another action

I studied English

last Saturday.

Signal Wordsyesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990,

the other day, last Friday

if sentence type II (If I talked, …)

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


Past Progressive/Continuous

• action going on at a certain time in the past

• actions taking place at the same time

• action in the past that is interrupted by another action

Signal Wordswhen, while, as long as

I was study ing English last Monday when my friend rang.

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


Past Perfect Simple Past Perfect Progressive • action taking place before a certain

time in the past

• sometimes interchangeable with

past perfect progressive• putting emphasis only on the fact

(not the duration)

• action taking place before a certain time

in the past

• sometimes interchangeable with past

perfect simple• putting emphasis on the duration or

course of an action

I had done my English homework

by 6.30 pm last Saturday.

I'd been do ing my English homework for 30

minutes when my friend rang last Saturday .

Signal Words

already, by the time

until then/last week/etc.after /before

for one week/hour/etc.

since

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The Future Tenses Simple Future: will or shall No plan There is no plan or decision to do something before we speak. We make

the decision at the time of speaking:Hold on. I'll get a pen. We will see what we can do to help you.

We often use will with the verb think:

I think I'll go to the gym tomorrow. I don't think I'll buy that car.

Prediction We are saying what we think will happen. There is no firm plan:People won't go to Jupiter before the 22nd century. Who do you think will get the job?

The verb be is an exception with will. Even when we have a very firm plan, we can

use will with be: I will be in London tomorrow.

Signal Words in a year, next …, tomorrow

If-conditional Type I (If you ask her, she will

help you.)

assumption: I think, probably, perhaps

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


Be going to + base form Intention We have the intention to do something before we speak. We have already madea decision before speaking.

We're not going to see my mother tomorrow. When are you going to go on holiday?

In these examples, we had an intention or plan before speaking. The decision was madebefore we spoke.

Prediction We often use going to to make a prediction about the future. Our prediction isbased on evidence. Here are some examples:

The sky is very black. It is going to rain.

I crashed the company car. My boss isn't going to be very happy!

Present ContinuousPlan We use the present continuousto talk about the future only when a plan exists beforewe speak.

We’re going to the theatre on Friday.

They can’t play tennis with you tomorrow. They 're working.

→ Sometimes there is no real difference between an intention (going to) and a plan (present

continuous). In this case, it doen't matter which we use.We're going to paint the bedroom tomorrow. We're painting the bedroom tomorrow.

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


Future Progressive

will/shall be +-ing form going to be +-ing form I will be starting my English lesson I am going to be studying English

at 7.30 pm when my friends arrive at 9.00 pm.

Signal Wordsin one year, next week,

tomorrow

Signal Wordsfor …, the last couple of

hours, all day long

Signal Wordsby Monif sentences type III

(If I had seen that, I would

have helped.) day, in a

week

Future Perfect Simple Future Perfect Progressive I will have already done my English homework I will have been studying Englishby the time I eat dinner on Saturday. for 30 minutes when my friends arrive.

8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


8/13/2019 Esl Prin Tables 20131120164854090


2nd Bachillerato

English Department

esl prin tables 20131120164854090

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