esp theories of learning
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Theories of Learning
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Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day.
Teach a man how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. (Chinese Proverb)
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THE STRUCTURE AND PROCESS OF THE MIND
THE ANALYSIS OF THE NATURE
VS
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Developments in learning theory
Relating to language Relating to learning
description of the
language
how learners
learn
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The History of Theories
Comenius’ studies
The Direct Method
No Coherent theory… till the
20th century
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PRINCIPLES
Behaviourism: learning as habit formation
BASED on the work of Pavlov and SkinnerPROVED the Audiolingual Method
Never translate Follow the sequence
hear – speak – read- write
Frequent repetition
Errors – corrected
immediately
Drills
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MENTALISM: THINKING AS RULE-GOVERNED ACTIVITY
THE FAILURE OF THE BEHAVIOURISM:
learners insisted on translation
asked for rules of grammar
found repeating boring
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FORMING HABITS
ACQUIRING RULES
VS
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Cognitive code:
learners as thinking beings
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THE LEARNER
a passive receiver of information
(the behaviourist theory)
an active processor of information
(the cognitive theory)
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The problem-solving task is the basic teaching technique
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Sources
aimed at teaching
reading strategies
are developed
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Learners are at the centre of the learning process
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THE COGNITIVE THEORY
Learners learn when they
actively think about what
they are learning
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Motivation
instrumental
integrative
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Learning(a conscious
process)
Acquisition(an unconscious
process)
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A MODEL FOR LEARNING
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NETWORK CONNECTIONS
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A need to acquire knowledge is a
necessary factor but the learner should
enjoy the process of acquisition!
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ConclusionECLECTIC APPROACH:Don`t base any approach too narrowly
on one theory;Take useful points in each theory;Trust in the evidence of your own
teaching experience;
Theories of learning and language descriptions are not casually linked;
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Thank you for your
Attention!