ess the european spallation source
DESCRIPTION
ESS The European Spallation Source. ESS The European Spallation Source. ? What ?. ? Why ?. ? How ?. ? When ?. ? Where ?. ESS: What ?. The next generation neutron scattering facility for Europe The most powerful neutron scattering facility in the world. ESS: Why ?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
SNSS 04/19/23 1
ESSThe European Spallation Source
SNSS 04/19/23 2
ESSThe European Spallation Source
? What ?
? Why ?
? When ?
? How ?
? Where ?
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ESS: What ?
The next generation neutron scattering facility for Europe
The most powerful neutron scattering facility in the world
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ESS: Why ?
‘What can we do with this ?’
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Why neutrons ?
Five good reasons…
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Why neutrons ? (1)
The neutron has a wavelength (Å) and an energy (meV) comparable to typical atomic
spacings and vibrational energies -
so you can study both atomic structure and dynamics (simultaneously if required)
Neutrons tell you‘where the atoms are and
what the atoms do’(Nobel Prize citation for
Brockhouse and Shull 1994)
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Why neutrons ? (2)The neutron scattering cross-section varies randomly through the periodic table and is
isotope dependent -
distinguish light and heavy atoms or atoms of similar Z
enabling the technique of isotopic substitution/contrast variation
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Why neutrons ? (3)The neutron is a weak probe -
giving a direct and quantitative link with theory and computer simulation/modelling
0 2 4 6 8 100
2
4
6
F(Q
)
Q/Å-1
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Why neutrons ? (4)The neutron is highly penetrating -
enabling studies of samples in containers and complex sample environment
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Why neutrons ? (5)The neutron has a magnetic moment but no
charge -
enabling studies of magnetic structure and dynamics
b
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Why neutrons ?
Detail
Complexity
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ESS: Why ?
Higher intensity enables ...
ESS
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ESS: Why ?
Kinetic studies
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ESS: Why ?
More samples
Smaller samples
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ESS: Why ?
Low concentrations
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ESS: Why ?
Bigger samples
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ESS: Why ?
Extreme conditionse.g. high pressure
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ESS: Why ?
Extreme conditionse.g. low T, high B
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ESS: Why ?
0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
P = 60 bar
P = 35 bar
P = 15 bar
P = 6 bar
x
T/K
Parametric studies
x, y, T, P, B, E ...
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ESS: Why ?
Processing conditionse.g. shear
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ESS: Why ?
Surfaces, interfaces, thin films, membranes
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ESS: Why ?
3 good reasons (repeated) ...
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ESS: Why ?
Functional genomics
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ESS: Why ?
Life sciences need water to function
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ESS: Why ?
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ESS: Why ?
Complementarity
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ESS: Why ?
0 5 10 15 20 25-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
FN(Q
)
Q/Å-1
0 2 4 6 8-1
0
1
2
3
Q/Å-1
FX(Q
)
2 4 6 8 10
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Q/Å-1
FA
g(Q
)
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ESS: Why ?
Computers
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ESS: Why ?
and much, much more ...
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ESS: How ?
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ESS: How ?
1.334 GeV protons
5 MW average beam power
1 long pulse target station (16.6 Hz, 2 ms)
2 short pulse target stations (10 and 50 Hz, 1s)
Liquid metal targets
...
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ESS: When ?1977 - 1984 Study, design and construction of the national UK spallation source ISIS
1979 - 1985 Feasibility study for a national German Spallation Source SNQ (beam power up to 5.5 MW)
1984 British spallation source ISIS operational
1985 German SNQ project not approved
1990 Recommendation from a CEC Panel on Large Scale Facilities: ‘Carry out studies for next generation neutron sources’.
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ESS: When ?1991 - 1992 Joint initiative from Jülich and ISIS. Series of
workshops held identifying the concept of a future European spallation source
1993 Establishment of the ESS Scientific Council.Chairman: Jurgen Kjems (Riso)
1993 - 1996 Multi-national study on the 5 MW ESS. Partly financially supported by the EU (1994 - 1996).
Dec. 1996 Publication of the ESS Final Report Volume I - The European Spallation Source Volume II - The Scientific CaseVolume III - The Technical Study Identification of further high priority R&D work
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ESS: When ?Jan. 1997 Establishment of ESS R&D Council
1997 - 2001 ESS R&D Phase
May 2000 New ESS council and project organisation
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ESS: When ?
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ESS: When ?May 2000 ESS project team formed
Oct. 2000 ESS Instrumentation Group and Science Advisory Council formed
May 2001 Science/Instrumentation workshop
July 2001 Accelerator/Moderator/Target station specified
July 2002 Conclusion of multi-purpose facility study (CONCERT)
July 2003 ESS design and science case complete for presentation to governments
2004 Project approved
2010 First neutrons
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ESS: Where ?
UK (ISIS upgrade)
Germany (Julich)
France (multi-purpose facility)
Scandinavia (ESS-S)