essay writing
TRANSCRIPT
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FCE: Essay Writing Checklist
Before you write
Finish these instructions.
Make a __plan__.
If you write a question, answer it too. This is your ideas time. When you
are writing, you can concentrate on the language you use.
Spend at least __a few__ minutes on your plan.
This will save you time later and improve the organisation of your essay.
Use the plan to make sure you __answer the questions__ correctly and
relevantly.
While you are writing
‘Write’ each sentence in your mind before you put it on paper. This will
make your work easier to read.
Don’t write on every line. Leave a space and you will be able to correct
yourself or add extra information later. Compare:
In this box I am writing on every line. If I do a mistake there is very littlespace for me to correct it. I cannotadd extra information if I need to. It issometimes difficult to read.
In this box I am not writing on every
line. If I do a mistake there is space
for me to correct it. I can add extra
information if I need to. It is easier to
read.
Make statements
Be bold with what you want to say. Try not to use too many modals of
speculation or the reader may think you are not sure about the topic.
For example:
Travelling to other countries could be very good for combating racism.
Better = Travelling to other countries is very good for combating racism.
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FCE: Essay Writing Checklist
Introduction
The introduction should be two to three sentences long.
It could include:
a sentence or two about the topic in general;
a sentence telling the reader whether the essay will look at one or both
sides of the issue;
a question which you will answer in your essay.
Highlight any useful words or phrases from these examples.
Nowadays, tourism is becoming more and more important to the global
economy. But what are the negative effects of tourism?
Newspapers are full of articles about the effects tourism has on developing
countries. It brings benefits to their economies and their people.
During the last thirty years tourism has been increasing in my country.
There have been many benefits to this.
Conclusion
The conclusion should be two to three sentences long.
It should include:
a summary of your main points;
your opinion;
a reference to the original question (try to rephrase it);
NO new information.
Here are some conclusions from essays on the topic “Tourism causes more
problems than it solves.” Which one is the most appropriate? Why?
To conclude, I strongly believe that tourism solves more problems than it
causes.
In conclusion, I think it is great to share your life with other people from
around the world.
To sum up, in my opinion there are more disadvantages than advantages
to tourism for poor countries because tourists do not consider the effects
of their holidays on the local people.
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FCE: Essay Writing Checklist
Learn words and phrases to link your work together
Write these words and phrases into the correct place in the table.
Putting your ideas in order Showing results / consequencesFirstly – secondly – finally – in addition – furthermore – what’s more
As a result – as a consequence – consequently - Because of this
Showing reasons Showing contrastsThere are two good reasons for ing –due to – owing to –for this reason – in order to infinitive
Although – however – nevertheless – on the other hand – in contrast – in spite of – despite – even though
Expressing opinions Giving examplesI feel – I think – in my opinion – I strongly believe –-
For example – for instance – such as – these include
Write a paragraph about why people should (not) learn English. Use as many linking phrases as necessary. Try to use phrases which are new to you.
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FCE: Essay Writing Checklist
Use formal language
Each of these sentences can be made more formal. How would you change them?
1. People don’t think about the damage they cause. (Do not)
2. There are lots of things which can affect the economy. (Many factors)
3. Countries earn loads of money from tourism. (Large amount of money)
4. Tourism causes many different kinds of problems. (A variety of)
5. It is easier to go somewhere on holiday than ever before. (Abroad)
6. Some people think that tourism is bad for poor countries. (It is said)
Use the table to summarize the differences between formal and informal language. The number shows you which example to look at to help you complete the rule.
Formal Language Informal Language
No __constructions__.1 C________________ are
acceptable.1
Use __formal__ phrases like:
___many factors___2
___large amount of money___3
___a variety of___4
It is acceptable to use __informal__
phrases like:
___lots of thing___2
___loads of___3
___many different kinds of___4
Use ___specific___ words linked to
the essay topic whenever you can.5
___General___ words are
acceptable.5
Use ___passive___ structures if you
can. This makes the text less
personal. 6
Generally, use the ___active___
more than the ___passive___. 6
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FCE: Essay Writing Checklist
Use a range of adjectives
Adjectives likes ‘good’, ‘bad’ and ‘nice’ are useful in informal language, but
there are many better synonyms which you can use when writing a formal
essay.
How many synonyms can you think of for each word?
good / nice
great, fine, excellent, interesting, awesome, fascinating, incredible,
bad
faulty, poor, evil,
Can you improve this sentence?
Travelling to other countries is very good for combating racism.
Check your writing carefully
Read it slowly and check for these things:
Is your text between 120 and 180 words?
To get higher marks it should be closer to 180 words. Have you included
reasons to support your answer? You could also include examples to
illustrate your points.
Check your spellings.
A good way to do this is to read your text backwards. That way you see
each word individually, instead of seeing what you think is there.
Have you used the correct prepositions for each noun / verb / adjective?
Is your essay formal enough?
Remember to check everything from the table.
How long are your sentences?
Can you use a linking word or should you make the sentence shorter?
Have you used the correct form for each verb?
If the verb is the subject of the sentence, make sure it is a gerund.
For the past simple and past participle, is the verb regular or irregular?
Check singular / plural forms.
Do verbs agree? Are the adjectives all ‘singular’? Have you used plural
forms after ‘one of’ and ‘a variety of’?
Have you answered the question?!
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