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Essential Question. What were the causes of WWII?. The Causes of World War II. Italy. Benito Mussolini founded Italy’s Fascist Party Took power in 1922 as Il Duce. Joseph Stalin. Took control after Lenin died Murdered 8 to 10 million peasants who did not support Communist policies. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Essential QuestionEssential Question
What were the causes What were the causes of WWII?of WWII?
The Causes of World War IIThe Causes of World War II
ItalyItaly
Benito Benito Mussolini Mussolini founded founded Italy’s Italy’s Fascist Fascist PartyParty
Took power Took power in 1922 as in 1922 as Il Il DuceDuce
Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin
Took control after Took control after Lenin diedLenin died
Murdered 8 to 10 Murdered 8 to 10 million peasants million peasants who did not who did not support support Communist Communist policiespolicies
GermanyGermany Angry with the Angry with the
loss of World War loss of World War I and the I and the Versailles TreatyVersailles Treaty
Country in Country in political and political and economic chaoseconomic chaos
Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler
Wrote Wrote Mein Mein KampfKampf while in while in prisonprison
Hitler’s IdeasHitler’s Ideas Germans belonged to the master race of Germans belonged to the master race of
AryansAryans
Germans needed more living space (land)Germans needed more living space (land)
Slavic peoples were inferior and should Slavic peoples were inferior and should be enslaved by the Germansbe enslaved by the Germans
Jewish people were responsible for the Jewish people were responsible for the world’s problemsworld’s problems
Hitler as Hitler as LeaderLeader
Reichstag Reichstag voted to give voted to give Hitler powers Hitler powers of a dictatorof a dictator
Took the title Took the title of of FuhrerFuhrer or or LeaderLeader
JapanJapan Difficult Difficult economic timeseconomic times
Military took Military took control of the control of the governmentgovernment
Invaded Invaded Manchuria Manchuria (northern (northern China) for its China) for its resourcesresources
World War II BeginsWorld War II Begins
Rising German StrengthRising German Strength
Rebuilt army, Rebuilt army, navy, air forcenavy, air force
Took military Took military positions in the positions in the Rhineland Rhineland (former (former demilitarized demilitarized zone)zone)
Response of EuropeResponse of Europe
Gave in to Gave in to Hitler’s demands Hitler’s demands in order to keep in order to keep peacepeace
Hoped to avoid Hoped to avoid another waranother war
The Austrian AnschlussThe Austrian Anschluss
March 1938 – March 1938 – Hitler sent Hitler sent troops into troops into Austria Austria
Announced the Announced the unification unification ((anschluss)anschluss) of of Germany and Germany and AustriaAustria
CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia
Germany claimed Germany claimed the Sudetenland the Sudetenland (part of (part of Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia that had a large that had a large German-speaking German-speaking population)population)
Czechs resistedCzechs resisted
Munich ConferenceMunich Conference
Representatives Representatives of Britain, of Britain, France, Italy, France, Italy, and Germany and Germany met to decide met to decide Czechoslovakia’Czechoslovakia’s fates fate
Sept. 29, 1938Sept. 29, 1938
Munich ConferenceMunich Conference
Britain and Britain and France agreed to France agreed to Hitler’s demandsHitler’s demands
Policy of Policy of appeasement = appeasement = giving giving concessions in concessions in exchange for exchange for peacepeace
CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia
March 1939March 1939
Germany sent Germany sent troops into troops into Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia and broke up the and broke up the countrycountry
Danzig, PolandDanzig, Poland
Oct. 1938 – Oct. 1938 – Hitler Hitler demanded the demanded the return of the return of the city of Danzig city of Danzig (part of Poland) (part of Poland) to Germanyto Germany
Important Important Baltic Sea portBaltic Sea port
Response of EuropeResponse of Europe
Realized Realized appeasement appeasement had failedhad failed
If Poland went to If Poland went to war to defend its war to defend its territory, Britain territory, Britain and France and France would come to would come to its aidits aid
Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression PactPact
August 23, 1939August 23, 1939
Treaty between Treaty between Germany and the Germany and the USSR USSR
Secret deal to Secret deal to divide Poland divide Poland between the twobetween the two
Beginning of World War IIBeginning of World War II
Sept. 1, 1939Sept. 1, 1939
Germany Germany invaded Poland invaded Poland from the westfrom the west
Soon after, the Soon after, the USSR invaded USSR invaded Poland from the Poland from the easteast
Beginning of World War IIBeginning of World War II
Sept. 3, 1939Sept. 3, 1939
France and France and Britain Britain declared war declared war on Germanyon Germany
U.S. ResponseU.S. Response
Population Population supported supported isolationism = isolationism = belief that the belief that the U.S. should avoid U.S. should avoid international international commitments commitments that could drag that could drag them into warthem into war
Neutrality Act of 1935Neutrality Act of 1935
Made it illegal Made it illegal for Americans for Americans to sell arms to to sell arms to any country at any country at warwar
America First CommitteeAmerica First Committee
Group of Group of Americans who Americans who opposed any opposed any intervention or intervention or aid for the Alliesaid for the Allies
IsolationistIsolationist
Roosevelt’s PerspectiveRoosevelt’s Perspective
Favored Favored internationalism internationalism = trade between = trade between nations creates nations creates prosperity and prosperity and helps to prevent helps to prevent warwar
Election of 1940Election of 1940
Roosevelt ran for Roosevelt ran for a third term (first a third term (first president to do president to do so)so)
Voters preferred Voters preferred staying with FDR staying with FDR in time of warin time of war