Essential Question. How do values shape art and government?

Art comparisons between Classical Rome, Western Europe and the Byzantine empires.

A brief introduction to Justinian’s Byzantine Empire and the New Rome

Classical Roman Art Realism 3D Movement Idealism Wide variety of subject

mater

Use of Art during the Middle Ages (Western Europe)

Religious and hieratical Taught religious

themes

Showed daily life

Notice the King Charles of France 1350’s being crowned by the Pope and Bishops.

Middle Age art was Hierarchal.

The most important figure is placed either farthest top or center. Proportion was not a value in art medieval

art.

Medieval art lacked proportion. Usually represented only in two dimensional space

Middle Age Art and lack of Proportion

Renaissance art was proportional and introduced the appearance of three dimensional space

Byzantine Empire and Justinian The New Rome Emperor Justinian

and Empress Theodora restores Constantinople and expands the empire.

His wife Theodora would co rule. This upset many as she has a reputation, well you know!!

Justinian's Code

Emperor of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire, Justinian, refined many of the Roman laws from the 12 Tables and collected them all into one work. The Justinian Code, completed in AD 529. These laws form the basis of all today's justice systems in the western world.

Byzantine ArtEastern Christian Empire

•Art usually featured single religious figures called “Icons.”

•Byzantine art seems to radiate and glow!!! Gold, glass mosaics were a dominant styles was in Rome

Icons usually featured a single figure. “Essence” not realism was important

ICONOCLSAM – Those who Oppose Icons. Iconoclast

There was a great debate during the 7th and 8th century's over the religious icons. the Greek Orthodox claimed Icons as idol worship.

Many were destroyed

Many loved the Icons because they put a face with the beloved saint, bible personality etc. The Icons won

Hagia Sophia - Constantinople

Justinian’s Great Byzantine Church

Elaborately painted and mosaic arches and vaults and domes.

Byzantine Architecture

Rounded vaulted ceilings

Huge Dome Space expanded on Rome’s Domes

Why was Constantinople was called the “New Rome? Byzantine Empire continued to

encourage learning speaking a common language in government, religion and daily life

There was a strong central Government Common laws Justinian’s Code

throughout the Empire Grand public works. Baths, theaters. Massive trade

Hagia Sophia, Constantinople

Was turned into a Mosque when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453

French Cathedrals

Height was everything. The taller the Cathedral the closer to god.

Town Pride and economic gains.

pilgrimages (holy journey) to see the churches and their relics ( holy artifacts, bones of a saint, a tooth, the wood of the cross. Brought pilgrims

The spire was the finger reaching towards heaven and god

Flying Buttresses kept the walls from pushing outward.

The layout of the church forms a cross

High vaulted ceilings. Little decoration on the inside. Light comes from

stained Glass

Most could not read. Stain glass windows taught religious stories and themes