essentials of sociology sixth edition chapter two: culture this multimedia product and its contents...
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Essentials of SociologyEssentials of SociologySixth EditionSixth Edition
Essentials of SociologyEssentials of SociologySixth EditionSixth Edition
Chapter Two: Culture
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Culture
Chapter Overview
What is Culture?Components of
Symbolic CultureMany Cultural
Worlds: Subcultures
and Countercultures
Values in U.S.
Society Technology in the
Global Village Cultural Lag,
Diffusion, and
Labeling
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Culture
Language, Beliefs, Values, Norms, Behavior
Passed from One Generation to the Next
Material vs. Nonmaterial Cultures
What is Culture?
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Culture
What is Normal, Natural, or Usual?
The Culture Within Us
Culture as Lens
Culture Shock
Ethnocentrism
Culture and Taken-for-Granted Orientations
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Culture
Understanding Cultures
on Their Own Terms
“Sick Cultures”
Confronting Contrasting
Views of Reality
Practicing Cultural RelativismPracticing Cultural RelativismM
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Culture
Symbol is Something to Which People
Attach Meaning
Gestures
Language
Components of Components of Symbolic CultureSymbolic Culture
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Culture
Allows Human Experience to Be Cumulative
Provides a Social or Shared Past
Provides a Social or Shared Future
Allows Shared Perspectives
Allows Complex, Shared, Goal-Directed
Behavior
Language and CultureLanguage and Culture
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Culture
Language Has Embedded Within It Ways of
Looking at the World
Sapir-Whorf Reverses Common Sense
Language and Perception: Language and Perception: Sapir-Whorf Sapir-Whorf
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Culture
Values - What is Desirable in Life
Norms - Expectations or Rules for Behavior
Sanctions - Reaction to Following or
Breaking Norms
Positive Sanctions
Negative Sanctions
Values,Norms,and SanctionsValues,Norms,and Sanctions
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Culture
Folkways - Norms not Strictly Enforced
Mores - Core Values. We Insist on
Conformity
Folkways and MoresFolkways and Mores
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Culture
Subculture - A World Within the
Dominant Culture
Countercultures - Groups With Norms and
Values at Odds with the Dominant Culture
Subcultures & Subcultures & CounterculturesCountercultures
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Culture
Values in U.S. SocietyValues in U.S. Society
Romantic LoveDemocracyScience and Technology
ReligiosityFreedomEfficiency and
Practicality
EducationHumanitarianismActivity and
Work
Racism and Group
SuperiorityMaterial ComfortIndividualism
EqualityProgressAchievement and
Success
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Culture
Achievement and Success
Individualism
Activity and Work
Efficiency and Practicality
Science and Technology
Values in U.S. SocietyValues in U.S. Society
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Culture
Progress
Material Comfort
Humanitarianism
Freedom
Democracy
Values in U.S. SocietyValues in U.S. Society
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Culture
Equality
Racism and Group
Superiority
Education
Religiosity
Romantic Love
Values in U.S. SocietyValues in U.S. Society
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Culture
Value Clusters - Series of
Interrelated Values
Values Contradictions - Values
that Contradict One Another
Value Clusters and Value Clusters and ContradictionsContradictions
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Culture
Value Contradictions Value Contradictions and Social Changeand Social Change
“It is precisely at the point of value
contradictions, then, that one can see a
major force for social change in a
society”
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Culture
Leisure
Self-fulfillment
Physical Fitness
Youthfulness
Concern for the
Environment
Emerging ValuesEmerging ValuesM
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Culture
Culture Wars: When Values Clash
Value as Blinders
“Ideal” vs. “Real” Culture
Values and CultureValues and Culture
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Culture
The New Technology - New Tools
Cultural Lag and Cultural Change
Technology and Cultural Leveling
Technology in the Technology in the Global VillageGlobal Village