establishment of tanzania tree seed agency and the present state dr. h.p. msanga

ESTABLISHMENT OF TANZANIA TREE SEED AGENCY AND THE

PRESENT STATE

Dr. H.P. MsangaTanzania Tee Seed Agency

P.Box 373, Morogoro, Tanzania

INTRODUCTION

• Deforestation in Tanzania is estimated at 91,276 ha annually. This is 0.2% of forest cover.

CAUSES FOR DEFORESTATION

Over exploitation of treesUncontrolled forest firesOvergrazingClearing land for agriculture (Shifting cultivation).

DEFORESTATION RESULTS IN

Soil erosionAir and soil pollutionGlobal warningShortage of forest products

FOREST REHABILITATION

Rehabilitation of degraded environment in Tanzania requires 440 million seedlings, equivalent to 40 tons of tree seeds per year.

Historical background of tree seed handling in Tanzania

Started 1902, German rule under the Biological and Agricultural Research Institute (Das Biologisch Land Wirtschaftlichen Institut), Amani in Tanga region.

1927 Biological and Agricultural Research Institute was renamed the “East African Agricultural Research Station (EAARS).

Historical background… 1948 Amani Station was moved to

Muguga, Kenya to form EAAFRO 1951 Silvicultural Research Station

at Lushoto 1970’s the government launched

national tree planting 1989 National Tree Seed Programme

(NTSP) was established

Historical background…

Establishment of NTSP commenced in June 1989. NTSP was a joint undertaking between the Government of Tanzania (GOT) through the Ministry of Natural resources and Tourism and Government of Denmark through Danish International Development Agency (Danida)

Danida support ended 1999.

Historical background… The general context of development of

NTSP was to improve wood production and rehabilitate degraded environment to meet requirement of population for fuel wood, fodder and shelter.

The immediate goal was to improve sustainable provision of genetically high quality seeds as an input to seedling production and tree planting by other agencies.

Historical background…InputsThe main inputs of the NTSP were : Personnel: GOT paid basic salaries for 82

permanent staff through all three phases. Buildings, vehicles and equipment:

Danida provided buildings, vehicles and seed harvesting and processing equipment as investment capital during the first phase of the project;

Historical background… Training: Fellowships, study tours and in –

service training were provided by Danida ; and

Technical assistance: Technical assistance in terms of advisers, 4 local staff and consultancies was provided by Danida,

Funding: Danida provided funds as follows:

29 mill DKK (Phase I), 10 mill DKK (Phase II), and 1.77 mill DKK (Phase III).


Outputs

The main outputs of the project were: An efficient and well functioning seed

organization (NTSP). NTSP includes three zonal centres and a national centre;

A group of well – trained and highly skilled staff at NTSP.


The internal training programmes have been intensive and staff trained have so far remained at the project.

District forest officers were trained in seed procurement activities, and seed information notes in user-friendly format were prepared and distributed.


A total supply of about 110 of seed through the period 1992 – 2000 been supplied from 138 different tree species.

Most of the seed will be of superior genetic quality as it originates from selected or improved seed sources;


A total of 375 seed sources identified and 12 seed orchards established. The seed sources cover a large number of tree species, both exotics and indigenous species;

A total of three provenance / progeny trials established at an early stage of the project


Gene conservation as part of the seed source programme mentioned above.

Most of the seed sources serve a double purpose of seed production and gene conservation. Apart from this, no specific gene conservation activities have been carried out.


Success stories The availability of high quality seeds of

suitable tree species is a precondition for a successful planting programme.

This holds true both for large – scale plantation programmes and for planting activities carried out by NGOs, farmers or local communities.


NTSP had over the past ten years supplied 110 tons of seed from 138 different tree species to tree planting organization and communities in Tanzania.

Direct beneficiaries to NTSP activities were:


Tree nurseries; National, Regional and District foresters; NGOs involved in tree planting; Bilateral projects engaged in tree planting; Commercial plantations and nurseries; and Forestry professionals.

TRANSIFORMATION OF NTSP TO TTSA

As part of Public Service Reform Programme and in accordance with the Executive Agency Act No. 30 of 1997 NTSP was transformed to TTSA on 24th Jan. 2003 in order to maximize efficiency and effectiveness of the service delivered.

TTSA is a semi autonomous body within the ambit of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism.

AIMS

To enhance sustainable supply of forest products and environmental conservation by producing and marketing high quality tree seed and other propagating materials

ROLETo provide high quality tree seed and other propagating materials for different end uses.

To provide technical support for awareness creation and facilitation of customers in raising seedlings from seed supplied by TTSA.

To maintain a well - managed and financially self - sustaining agency.

STAFFINGPhD 1MSc. Degree (Forestry) 2MBA Degree (Finance), CPA 1BSc. Degree (Forestry) 2BSC Degree (Horticulture) 1BPA. Degree (HRM) 1Post graduate Dip. (Accountancy) 2Advanced Dip (Proc& Supplies)1Advanced Diploma (Accountancy)Diploma (Forestry) 5Certificate (Forestry) 1Others 54

Total 71

FACILITIESVehicles 10Seed Stores (room temperature) 3Cold rooms 1Dry room 1General stores 4Seed Laboratories 4Tree nurseries 3Conference rooms 3Staff houses 11Office rooms 18Seed sources 360Various seed processing equipments

TTSA ORGANOGRAME

Minister

PS

CE

I A

SUM TUM

MO SA P&AO

MS&W MNME&C

CMAB

IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS

Framework document

Established order

Strategic plan

Annual work plan

SUCCESS STORIESTTSA supplies an average of 12 tons of seeds per year from 195 tree species.TTSA has more than 500 customersDirect beneficiaries to TTSA activities are:

Bilateral projects engaged in tree plantingNGOs involved in tree plantingNational, Regional and District forestersCommercial plantationsPrivate nurseriesForestry professionalsVillagers and farmers

SUCCESS STORIES..

Community involvement The involvement of local communities was

not formulated as an objective for TTSA. Mainly GoT, private companies, aid donors

and NGOs have constituted TTSA’ s seed customers.

They, also in reality, are the direct beneficiaries from TTSA’ s seed sales

SUCCESS STORIES..

Approx 1/3 of the seed sources identified by TTSA is found on land belonging to local communities.

Part of the seed is eventually distributed to farmers through government agencies and NGOs who are customers at TTSA. These farmers can actually be seen as the end-beneficiaries.

SUCCESS STORIES..

On these lands seed collection is carried out in collaboration with the local communities and TTSA pays royalty to the community and salary to local workers involved in seed collection.

TTSA SEED CENTRES

TTSA ZONAL CENTRE AND SEED DISTRIBUTION CENTRE

TTSA COVERAGE IN TANZANIA

TTSA SOURCES OF REVENUE FOR JULY 06 TO JUNE 2007

TTSA sources of income July 06 to June 2007 without government subvention

Seed sales44%

Others11%

Collaboration fee

12%

Conference hall14%

Seedlings sales8%

Consultancies

11%

TTSA SOURCES OF REVENUE FOR JULY 06 TO JUNE 2007

TTSA sources of income July 06 to June 2007with government subvention

Others10%

Got OC27%

Seed sales26%

GoT PE25%

Collaboration fee7%

Seedlings sales5%

SPECIES WISE INCOME CONTRIBUTION TO TTSA INCOME July 2006 TO June 2007

Major species sold July 06 to June 2007

Tectona grandis , ,

33%

Pinus tecunumanii ,

8%

Pinus patula, , 8%

Piinus elliotii , 8%

Grevillea robusta, , 8%

Khaya anthotheca ,

5%

Others30%

CUSTOMER WISE CONTRIBUTION TO TTSA INCOME FOR JULY 06 TO JUNE 2007

Major seed customers forJuly 06 to June 2007

Others49%

VI Musoma3%

Chikweti Forest of Niassal

28%

Buhindi Forest Project

9%

Saohill Forest Project

7%

Mali asili Njombe

6%

SEEDLINGS SALES JULY 06 TO JUNE 2007

Major seedling customers for July 2006 to June 2007

Dr. Fred Kilima2%

RAS Iringa6%

Sustainable Wet land Magt

6%

Tanga Cement Co4%

Green Resource LTD7%

Lion Wattle Co LTD12%

Others64%

COLLABORATION WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS

COLLABORATION WITHIN TANZANIASUA, TOSCI, UDSM, TAFORI, FTI, TPRI

COLLABORATION OUTSIDE TANZANIASADC TSCN, KFSC, UFSC, IUFRO, FAO, Biodiversity International, F&L (University of Copenhagen), RBG, MSBP

CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

Shortage of staff TTSA recruits new staff to fill vacant

posts each year depending on government approval.

It is our hope that after a few years to come all required staff will be recruited.

CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD…

TTSA is small TTSA is very small compared with the size

of the country. There is a plan to establish the 4th Zonal

Seed Centre (Lake Zonal Seed Centre) in Mwanza city to serve five regions around Lake Victoria.


TTSA has identified six Distribution Agents scattered all over the country.

These will be our partners when we introduce the system of “Distribution of tree seed in small bags”.

We are collaborating with F& L, University of Copenhagen to implement this system.

This is one of the areas where we need development partners intervention.


Low purchasing power of customers Most of our customers have low purchasing power

therefore, complain of high seed prices. TTSA struggles to maintain prices. The price of

our seed does not increase every year like other commodities.

The sale of seeds in small bags will solve the problem of low purchasing power of our customers to some extent.


Lack of awareness Most people are still not aware of existence of

TTSA. We have marketing strategies which include

several types of promotion materials (advertisement in newspapers, leaflets, signboards, television, radio, yellow pages, etc.)

We also visit our customers regularly and participate in the famous DITF


Inadequate contribution from government Every year when TTSA submits its budget

the government advises the budget to be reduced.

In some years the government does not release all funds approved.

This is another area where development partner intervention is needed.

CONCLUSION

TTSA is proud to have good working environment (facilities), it has wise members of the Ministerial Advisory Board and staff (even few) who are well trained and committed.

That is why TTSA is one of the best seed centres in Africa.

Thank you for your attention

establishment of tanzania tree seed agency and the present state dr. h.p. msanga

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