estimates of co storage capacity in europe...co2 storage capacity projects • joule ii finalised...
TRANSCRIPT
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Estimates of CO2 storage capacityin Europe
Karen Lyng Anthonsen, Thomas Vangkilde-Pedersen & Lars Henrik Nielsen
Geological survey of Denmark and Greenland
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Framework of presentation
• Overview of European CO2 storage capacity projects
• CO2 storage capacity estimates for Denmark
• How to estimate CO2 storage capacity – illustrated for aquifers
• Results of latest total European CO2 storage capacity estimates
• Conclusions
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CO2 storage capacity projects
• Joule II finalised 1993The joule II project: The underground disposal of carbon dioxideAll Europe
• GESTCO finalised 2003Geological Storage of CO2 from Combustion of Fossil FuelBelgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Norway, UK
• Castor (WP 1.2) finalised 2006Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Rep., Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia
• GeoCapacity finalised 2008Assessing European Capacity for Geological Storage of Carbon DioxideBulgaria, Croatia, Czech Rep., Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, UK
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CO2 storage capacity projects
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CO2 storage options
• Oil- and gas reservoirsLimited storage capacity, but well-known geology and proven capability to retain hydrocarbonsPossibility to use CO2 for enhanced oil/gas recovery (EOR/EGR)
• Aquifers (saline)Large storage volumes, but relatively unknown geology and therefore uncertainties about reservoir integrity and properties
• Coal fieldsVery limited storage capacity and injection rates, but possible to use CO2 for production of methane
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Aquifers in Denmark
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Cross-section
Modified from Vejbæk 1990, 1997
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Criteria for selection of CO2 storage structures
• Sealed (cap rock)
• Non faulted, both structure and seal
• Top of reservoir situated below 800 m to ensure storage of super critical CO2
• Reservoir situated less than 2500 m, to ensure enough preserved porosity and permeability
• Significant size, storage capacity approximately min. 100 Mt
• Be within reasonable distance from a CO2 source
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Deep saline aquifers
MCO2e = A × h × φ × ρCO2r × Seff
• MCO2e : effective storage capacity
• A : area of trap or regional aquifer
• h : average height of aquifer × average net to gross ratio
• φ : average reservoir porosity
• ρCO2r : CO2 density at reservoir conditions
• Seff : sweep efficiency (estimated)
Typical Seff ranges for structures: 5 – 40 %
Suggested Seff for regional aquifers: 2 %
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Level of potential storage estimations
Bottom:Theoretical capacity including large uneconomic/unrealisticvolumes: estimateswithout efficiency factor
Middle:Effective capacity with technical/geological cut off limits applied to theoretical capacity:detailed estimates with evaluated efficiency factor
Top:Practical capacity with economic and regulatory barriers applied to effective capacity and with matching of sources and sinks: Site specific efficiency factor from reservoir simulations
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Geological structures
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GeoCapacity estimate of storage capacity in DK
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Sedimentary basins of Europe
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CO2 emission sources
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Hydrocarbon fields
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Coal fields
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Aquifers
no data
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CO2 emission sources and storage sites
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CO2 Storage capacity – results of GeoCapacity project
Effective capacityConservative
estimate Effective capacityConservative
estimate Effective capacityConservative
estimate
2 350 100 30 25 1,5 1,0
Storage capacity (Gt CO2)Emissions from big stationary
sources (Gt CO2)
Aquifers Hydrocarbon fields Coal measures
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Conclusions
• CCS has a large potential in Europe, but site specific investigations are needed
• GeoCapacity project include country specific CO2
storage information from 25 countries
• The GeoCapacity project provides the latest estimate of total European storage capacity: 126 Gt as a conservative estimate
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EU GeoCapacityAssessing European Capacity for Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide
www.geocapacity.eu