estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation...

7
Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation Halder, Amitava; Kuklane, Kalev Published in: Proceedings of the Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2016. 2016 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Halder, A., & Kuklane, K. (2016). Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation. In W. Song, J. Ma, & L. Fu (Eds.), Proceedings of the Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2016. (pp. 145-150). [122]. Total number of authors: 2 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

Upload: others

Post on 11-Mar-2021

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation …lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/25065339/PED2016_full... · 2 /!#?/)$(’.4/& $"&#-! &#-! &#-!!%*

LUND UNIVERSITY

PO Box 117221 00 Lund+46 46-222 00 00

Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation

Halder, Amitava; Kuklane, Kalev

Published in:Proceedings of the Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2016.

2016

Link to publication

Citation for published version (APA):Halder, A., & Kuklane, K. (2016). Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation. In W. Song,J. Ma, & L. Fu (Eds.), Proceedings of the Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2016. (pp. 145-150). [122].

Total number of authors:2

General rightsUnless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply:Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authorsand/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by thelegal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private studyor research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal

Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will removeaccess to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

Page 2: Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation …lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/25065339/PED2016_full... · 2 /!#?/)$(’.4/& $"&#-! &#-! &#-!!%*

!"#$%"&&'(')*'%+,'#$-

G2$*6#$*&+&4P(5$*)#'?*2

1

'#)(6(+$?E5*+

-

#2)(+?*+

-

(P#)E#$*&+

N$(!4&4I4*,#-

$

#

4*#& +E*4'#

>"#-$4* '&(-%'$#'!L48%-4!%-

B

#

W(&(/(%'%; -

0

%'%$()/4',N#-%/%*>#)"'%*%

0B

#

W#

?

4-!$#'!%;W#/(

0

'Q)(#')#/

#

P4)+*!

B

%; '

0

('##-('

0

#

L+',b'(&#-/(!

B

#

L+',

#

Q.#,#'N$(!4&4=I4*,#-

!

,#/(

0

'=*!"=/#

-

4*#&=+E*4'#

!

,#/(

0

'=*!"=/#

&<2/')1/

&

>"(/

?

4

?

#-,#/)-(8#/4'4/)#',('

0

#&4)+4!(%'$%,#*84/#,%'

?

"

B

/()4*.%-E)4

?

4)(!

B

#

."#'#7"4+/!(%'

$4

B?

*4

B

4E#

B

-%*#,+-('

0

#&4)+4!(%'=>"##7

?

#-($#'!.4/)4--(#,%+!%'4/!4(-$4)"('#

$

Q!4(-G4/!#-

#

QG5

#

bQN

%

."()"('&%*&#,1:$4*#4',1A;#$4*#/+8

J

#)!/=C',(&(,+4*)*($8('

0

/

?

##,/4!59u4',<9u%;!"#(-$47(2

$4*4#-%8())4

?

4)(!

B

$

u dY

A$47

%

*#&#*

$

L14',LA

%

.#-#/#*#)!#,;%-:$('+!#/

#

4',69u

#

!"#*4/!*#&#*

$

L:

%

.4/+

?

!%5$('+!#/%-+'!(*#7"4+/!(%';%-!"#$%,#*,#&#*%

?

$#'!%'!"#;(-/!16/+8

J

#)!/=>"#$%,#*.4/!"#'

&4*(,4!#,%'!"#*4/!D/+8

J

#)!/.(!"('!#',#,#7#-)(/#*#&#*/4!!"#(-D9u

#

<5u4',69u%;!"#(-$47($4*4#-%2

8())4

?

4)(!

B

)%--#/

?

%',('

0

+

?

!%1A9

#

154',5$('+!#/%;)%'!('+%+/.%-E

#

-#/

?

#)!(&#*

B

=>"#$47($+$&#-!()4*

,(/

?

*4)#$#'!

$

"

&#-!

('$

)

$('

%

)4'8#)4*)+*4!#,4))%-,('

0

!%

&

"

&#-!

X2A1=<<A<k9=39A3

$

dY

A$47

k9=AD5@

$

u

dY

A$47

=

=-

8

>4',2

&

U"

B

/()4*.%-E)4

?

4)(!

B

-

Y7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

!(%'

-

I#4-!-4!#

-

P4!(

0

+#

-

&4)+4!(%'/

?

##,

-

Q!4(-/

/

!

O+$5&?E)$*&+

>"#

?

"

B

/(%*%

0

()4*;4!(

0

+#$4

B

)%'/(,#-48*

B

4;;#)!

!"##&4)+4!(%'

?

#-;%-$4')#4',%+!)%$#,+-('

0

4/)#',2

('

0

*%'

0

/!4(-/

!

1

"

=N/)#',('

0

&#*%)(!

B

4',!"#-#,+)!(%'

%;/

?

##,/4-#-#*4!#,!%!"#,(/!4')#!%8#)%&#-#,

!

A

#

:

"

=Q!4(-)*($8('

0

4',/!#

?

!#/!/"4&#8##'+/#,4/4

$#!"%,;%-

?

"

B

/()4*4//#//$#'!/4',#&4*+4!(%'/%;)4-2

,(%&4/)+*4-48(*(!

B

('/

?

%-!/4',$#,()4*;(#*,/;%-*%'

0

!($#

!

32@

"

=I%.#&#-

#

!"#/!+,(#/%'4/)#',('

0

#&4)+42

!(%'('-#*4!(%'!%

?

"

B

/()4*.%-E48(*(!

B

4-#'%!-#4,(*

B

4&4(*48*#

!

:

"

=F#&#-!"#*#//

#

/%$#('!#-#/!('

0

4!!#$

?

!/

"4&#8##'$4,#('!"#-#)#'!

B

#4-/

!

6

"

=C!"4/8##'

/"%.'!"4!4/)#'!%'/!4(-/-#

H

+(-#/48%+!!.()#!"##;2

;%-!!"4',#/)#',('

0

!"#/4$#/!4(-/

!

<

"

=

Y7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

!(%')4

?

4)(!

B

(/'%!!"#%'*

B

*($(!2

('

0?

"

B

/(%*%

0

()4*;4)!%-=V#

?

#!(!(&#$%&#$#'!/4',)%'2

!('+%+/;%-)#

?

-%,+)!(%'4-#-#

H

+(-#,;%-8%!")#'!-4*

4',

?

#-(

?

"#-4*$+/)*#/('!"#,#$4',('

0

!4/E,+-('

0

4/2

)#',('

0

$4'

B

/!4(-/

#

#/

?

#)(4**

B

('4'#$#-

0

#')

B

/(!+4!(%'

!

19

"

=U-#&(%+/-#/#4-)""4//"%.'!"4!

?

#%

?

*#$4'4

0

#

!%E##

?

+

?

4'4)!(&(!

B

;%-+

?

!%5$('+!#/(;(!(/)4--(#,

%+!4!48%+!69u%;!"#(-$47($4*%7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

!(%'

$

dY

A$47

%

*#&#*

$

69u;%-4!-4('#,

?

#-/%'*4

B

/('4&#-4

0

#

4-%+',D99S

)

$

A

=G%-#%&#-

#

4.%-E4!48%+!3<5S

)

$

A

$

"

<9u%;dY

A$47

%

)4'8#)%'!4('#,;%-48%+!152A9

$('

!

11

"

=>"#/#;(',('

0

/"4,4'4

0

-##$#'!!%4'#4-*(#-

/+$$4-

B

8

B

L%+"#&44-4#!4*=

$

16@D

%!

1A

"

=N!!"#%'2

/#!%;!"##7#-)(/#

#

4'4#-%8()#'#-

0BB

(#*,('

0?

-%)#//#/

,%$('4!#+'!(*%7

B0

#'!-4'/

?

%-!!%!"#.%-E('

0

$+/)*#

!(//+#/,#&#*%

?

/

!

1:

"

=N'4#-%8()

?

-%)#//#/)4+/#8+(*,2

+

?

%;*4)!()4)(,('.%-E('

0

$+/)*#/!"4!'##,/!%8#

!4E#')4-#%;%7

B0

#'4!(%'

?

-%)#//#/=>"#)-(!()4*!($#%;

*4)!()4)(,,#&#*%

?

$#'!;%-

?

#-;%-$4')#(/A $('+!#/

4;!#-!"#%'/#!%;4'#7#-)(/#

!

@

"

=>"+/

#

#&4)+4!(%'!"4!

!4E#/A2:$('+!#/%-$%-#$4

B

8#4;;#)!#,8

B

#(!"#-)4-2

,(%-#/

?

(-4!%-

B

)4

?

4)(!

B

%-*4)!4!#!%*#-4')#%-8%!"=

V#4)"('

0

4'

B

%;!"#/#*($(!/,%#/-#,+)#4/)#',('

0

/

?

##,

#

4',!"+/

#

#&4)+4!(%';*%.=N*/%

#

4"(

0

"*

B

-#

?

#!(2

!(&#4)!(&(!

B

$4

B

)4+/#*%)4*;4!(

0

+#('!"#$+/)*#/,+#!%

,#&#*%

?

$#'!%;*4)!4!#4/!"#8*%%,;*%.

#

4',!"+/

#

%7

B

2

0

#'/+

??

*

B

!%!"#.%-E('

0

$+/)*#/4!!"4!

?

4)#(/'%!/+;2

;()(#'!

!

13215

"

('/

?

(!#%;!"4!%'#$4

B

"4&#-#4)"#,%

?

2

!($+$%7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

!(%';-%$ ."%*#8%,

B?

#-/

?

#)2

!(&#=

>"#%8

J

#)!(&#%;!"#*48%-4!%-

B

!#/!/.4/!%#74$('#

(;!"#

?

"

B

/()4*.%-E%;-#4*/!4(-)*($8('

0

)%+*,8#/($+2

*4!#,%'4/!4(-$4)"('#

#

4',!"+/

#

8#+!(*(M#,('!"#;+2

!+-#;%-,4!4)%**#)!(%'%'&4-(#!

B

%;

?

%

?

+*4!(%'/4!*%.#-

)%/!/

#

8+!4*/%%'/

?

#)(;()

?

%

?

+*4!(%'/

#

#=

0

=

?

#%

?

*#.(!"

,(/48(*(!(#/

#

#*,#-*

B

#!)=

#

('4)%'!-%**#,4',/4;#-#'&(2

-%'$#'!!"4'-#4*!4**8+(*,('

0

/=>"#$#!"%,.4/!"#'

#7

?

#)!#,!%;+')!(%';%-!#/!('

0

8+(*,('

0

/

'

"(

0

"#-

(

!"4'

4&4(*48*#=N*/%

#

(!.4/#7

?

#)!#,!"4!8

B

%8/#-&('

0

!"#

-#*4!(%'/"(

?

'

#&4)+4!(%'%;!"#

0

-%+

?

2#&4)+4!(%'%;4'

(',(&(,+4*2*48%-4!%-

B

/($+*4!(%'%;(',(&(,+4*#&4)+42

!(%'

(

(!$(

0

"!8#

?

%//(8*#!%#/!($4!#

0

-%+

?

#&4)+4!(%'

;-%$!"#*48%-4!%-

B

!#/!/=[4/#,%';(#*,!#/!/

#

!"#*48%2

&%!

Page 3: Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation …lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/25065339/PED2016_full... · 2 /!#?/)$(’.4/& $"&#-! &#-! &#-!!%*

.%"/''(+#0-"1.'('-$%+2#2#(342/52$+"#67#2,+/-89:;

-4!%-

B

#7#-)(/#.4/,#/(

0

'#,;%-,#&#*%

?

('

0

4$4!"#$4!2

()4*$%,#*%;4/)#',('

0

#&4)+4!(%'84/#,%'"+$4'

?

"

B

/()4*)4

?

4)(!

B

=

!

!

J($3&?2

/"#

!

@15+

-

+'.%

C

7

>"-##*#&#*/%;

?

"

B

/()4**%4,.#-#/#*#)!#,('%-,#-

!%,#&#*%

?

!"#$%,#*%;.%-E)4

?

4)(!

B

4//%)(4!#.(!"4/2

)#',('

0

&#*%)(!

B

=>"#/##7#-!(%'*#&#*/.#-#!%-#

?

-#/#'!

!"#!($#*($(!#,4)!(&(!

B

*#&#*/4/,#;('#,8

B

I%*$t-4',

Z4&"#,

!

11

"

4',-#,-4.'8

B

[%"

0

4-,#!4*=

!

1D

"#

4',

)%&#-$%/!%;!"#

?

%//(8*##$#-

0

#')

B

#&4)+4!(%'/)#'4-(2

%/

&

&

59u%;(',(&(,+4*dY

A$47

2"#4&

B

.%-E!"4!)4'8#)%'2

!('+%+/*

B

$4('!4('#,+

?

!%A"%+-/

-

&

<9u%;(',(&(,+4*dY

A$47

2&#-

B

"#4&

B

.%-E!"4!)4'8#

)%'!('+%+/*

B

$4('!4('#,+

?

!%15$('+!#/

-

&

69u%;(',(&(,+4*dY

A$47

2'#4-$47($4*.%-E!"4!)4'

8#)%'!('+%+/*

B

$4('!4('#,+

?

!%5$('+!#/=

C'%-,#-!%,#;('#!"#(',(&(,+4*.%-E*%4,4!,#;('#,

dY

A$47

*#&#*

#

4**!"#-#)-+(!#,/+8

J

#)!/"4,!%!4E#

?

4-!

!"#$47($4*)4

?

4)(!

B

$

dY

A$47

%

!#/!=>"#dY

A$47

!#/!.4/

?

#-;%-$#,8

B

-+''('

0

.(!"

?

-%

0

-#//(&#-#/(/!4')#.(!"

(')-#4/('

0

/

?

##,+

?

!%4$4'4

0

#48*#*#&#*4',;%**%.#,

8

B

(')-#4/('

0

(')*('4!(%'%'!-#4,$(**+'!(*#7"4+/!(%'

!

1<21@

"

=[#;%-#!"#$47($4*4#-%8())4

?

4)(!

B

!#/!

#

!"%-2

%+

0

"(';%-$4!(%'%'!"#/!+,

B

.4/

0

(&#'4',.-(!!#'

)%'/#'!.4/4)

H

+(-#,=

/"/

!

@59

M

'41.

>48*#1 /+$$4-(M#/!"# /+8

J

#)!/T 4

0

#

#

"#(

0

"!

#

.#(

0

"!

#

$47($4*%7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

!(%'

$

dY

A$47

%

4',

$47($4*"#4-!-4!#

$

IV

$47

%

;%-;#$4*#/4',$4*#//#

?

42

-4!#*

B

#

;%-,#&#*%

?

$#'!4',&4*(,4!(%'

0

-%+

?

/

#

4',4*!%2

0

#!"#-=>"#;(-/!16/+8

J

#)!/.#-#+/#,;%-$%,#*,#&#*2

%

?

$#'!4',!"#-#/!

$

D

%

;%-&4*(,4!(%'=>"#;#$4*#4',

$4*#,4!4.4/

?

%%*#,;%-4'4*

B

/(/4',$%,#*,#&#*%

?

2

$#'!=>"#4

0

#4',dY

A$47

%;!"#,#&#*%

?

$#'!4',&4*(2

,4!(%'

0

-%+

?

/,(,,(;;#-/(

0

'(;()4'!*

B

$

!2!#/!

#

?

*

9=91

%#

8+!'%!!"#%!"#-

?

4-4$#!#-/=

D#<'(/

!

0E<

S

()$)3#5#)$(5*2$*)2

$

6(#+

"

0"

#

._[

!6#Q

$

M6#Q*6#'&Q

8-

(+)&+2E6

1

$*&+

)

RF

6#Q

$

M6#Q*6#'3(#5$5#$(

U& @

-

(

$

8

(#52

%

R(*

-

3$

$

6

%

\(*

-

3$

$

L

-

%

_[

A6#Q

$

6'

)

L

-

)

6*+

%

RF

6#Q

$

<

)

6*+

%

,(6#'( 1A ::=@

$

1:=3

%

1=D6

$

9=9D

%

D5=@

$

D=6

%

3<=A

$

6=<

%

1@D

$

1:

%

J#'( 1: :D=D

$

11=D

%

1=<5

$

9=9<

%

@A=:

$

A9=@

%

3<=9

$

@=D

%

165

$

1A

%

"(P('&

1

6(+$ 16 ::=1

$

19=<

%

1=<:

$

9=9<

%

<3=<

$

16=3

%

3@=@

$

@=<

%

161

$

1:

%

_#'*?#$*&+ D 3A=A

$

15=5

%

1=<9

$

9=9<

%

<:=D

$

11=A

%

31=<

$

@=1

%

16A

$

15

%

N** A5 :5=:

$

1A=:

%

1=<A

$

9=9<

%

<3=3

$

1<=D

%

3<=1

$

6=9

%

161

$

1:

%

!!

>"#/!+,

B

('&%*&#,!"#;%**%.('

0

$%$#'!/

&

4--(&4*

%;!"#/+8

J

#)!

#

('/!-+$#'!('

0

!"#/+8

J

#)!4',)*($8('

0

%'

!"#/!4(-$4)"('#=>"#!4/E/%'/!4(-$4)"('#.#-#!%

)*($8!"#/!4(-/4!/#*#)!#,

?

4)#('!"-##*#&#*/

$

L1

#

LA

4',L:

%$

P(

0

=1

%

=N'

B

)"4'

0

#/%;!"#&#*%)(!

B

.#-#'%!

?

%//(8*#,+-('

0

!"##7#-)(/#%'#4)"*#&#*=F#&#-!"#*#//

#

/(')#4**/+8

J

#)!/%;!"(//!+,

B

,(,'%!)*($8!"#/!4(-/

.(!"!"#/4$#/!#

?

-4!#

$

QV

%#

!"#'!"#(--#*4!(&##;;%-!

.4//#!(',(&(,+4**

B

4!4

??

-%7($4!#*

B

!"#/4$#4',

E'%.'*#&#*=

,*

-

./

!

@4E''

8

*+2$5E6(+$(?2E<

S

()$73&

1

(54&56(?

$3($(2$2&+$3(0$#*5J#2$(5.

>"#*4/!!4/E#/!($4!#,4!69 u dY

A$47

QV*#&#*

$

L:

%

."()".4/)4--(#,%+!+

?

!%5$('+!#/%-+'!(*#72

"4+/!(%'=Q+)"/#!+

?

4**%.#,/!+,

B

('

0

!"##;;#)!%;

?

4)#

%'%7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

!(%'8+!4*/%!"##;;#)!%;8%,

B

/(M#

4',;(!'#//=Q!#

?

-4!#/;%-#4)")*($8('

0

*#&#*.#-#)4*2

)+*4!#,;-%$dY

A$47

4',!"#('!#',#,

?

#-)#'!4

0

#%;$472

($4*#;;%-!(',(&(,+4**

B

=

/";

!

<

I

5%

6

&'71

>"#/!4(-$4)"('#

$

QG5

#

Q!4(-G4/!#-

#

bQN

%

4**%./

4,

J

+/!('

0

!"#

?

"

B

/()4**%4,!%A9*#&#*/.(!"QV/-4'

0

('

0

;-%$A3!%1DA/!#

?

/

?

#-$('+!#

$

/!#

?

"#(

0

"!A9=5)$4',

,#

?

!"A5=9)$

%

= 4)"*#&#*,(;;#-#,;-%$!"#

?

-#&(%+/

4',!"#'#7!8

B

<2@/!#

?

/

)

$('=P%-$%,#*,#&#*%

?

$#'!

!"#)*%/#/!#/!($4!#,QV!%!"#(',(&(,+4*dY

A$47

?

#-)#'!2

4

0

#.4/)"%/#'=I%.#&#-

#

4/,+-('

0

!"#,#&#*%

?

$#'!

?

"4/#/%$#/+8

J

#)!/,(,'%!$4'4

0

#!%)%$

?

*#!#!"##72

?

#)!#,!($#

$

5$('+!#/

%

.(!"!"#(',(&(,+4*"(

0

"#/!*%4,

!"#',+-('

0

!"#&4*(,4!(%'

?

"4/#!"#*%.#/!)*%/#/!QV

)%--#/

?

%',('

0

!%!"##/!($4!(%'.4//#*#)!#,=

'%!

Page 4: Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation …lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/25065339/PED2016_full... · 2 /!#?/)$(’.4/& $"&#-! &#-! &#-!!%*

!"#$%"&&'(')*'%+,'#$-

N;!#-4--(&4*!"#/+8

J

#)!/8#

0

4'

?

-#

?

4-4!(%' 8

B

.#4-('

0

4"#4-!-4!#8#*!4',$%'(!%-

$

VQ399

#

U%*4-

*#)!-%

#

P('*4',

%

=>"#/+8

J

#)!/.#-#4*/%#

H

+(

??

#,.(!"

4' GZ#

H

+(

?

$#'!

$

G D999

#

G#

0

4.('

#

P('*4',

%

4',

$47($+$&%*+'!4-

B

)%'!-4)!(%'#7#-)(/#.4/)4--(#,%+!

8#;%-#

?

-%)##,('

0

!%!"#/!4(-$4)"('#=Y7

B0

#')%'2

/+$

?

!(%'.4/$#4/+-#,.(!"!"#/4$##

H

+(

?

$#'!4/('

!"#;(#*,

$

G#!4$47CC

#

K%-!#7G#,()4*Z$8I

#

Z#-$42

'

B

%

= GZ-#/+*!/4-#-#

?

%-!#,#*/#."#-#

!

16

"

=

/"!

!

J3+'2+'B'23

6

&'71

W+-('

0

!"# ,#&#*%

?

$#'!

?

"4/#

#

!"#

?

#-)#'!4

0

#

.%-E)4

?

4)(!

B

,4!44!;(-/!!.%*%.#-.%-E*%4,/4!59

4',<9u%;#4)"(',(&(,+4*T/dY

A$47

-#*4!#,)4*)+*4!#,

/

?

##,*#&#*/

$

L14',LA

%

-#4)"#,4-%+',D94',<5u

#

-#/

?

#)!(&#*

B

=>"#-#;%-#

#

QV*#&#*/.%-E)4

?

4)(!

B

,4!4

;%-8%!"!"#,#&#*%

?

$#'!4',&4*(,4!(%'

?

"4/#/.#-#4&2

#-4

0

#,!%

0

#!"#-

#

4',4**!"-##

$

L1

#

LA4',L:

%

*#&#*/

.#-#,#;('#,4/D9

#

<54',69u%;dY

A$47

#

-#/

?

#)!(&#*

B

$

>48*#A

%

=

D#<'(!

!

D3(2$E?

8

)&+?*$*&+2#+?5('#$(?

1

(54&56#+)(6(#+

"

0"

#

?E5*+

-

(Q(5)*2(*+#''$35(('(P('2&+2$#*56#)3*+(4&5#''2E<

S

()$2

"

UW!B

#

I#5#6($(52

T/

$

V: _[

!6#Q

%

T!

$

>B`_[

!6#Q

%

TC

$

9:`_[

!6#Q

%

%&55(2

1

&+?*+

-

0JB'(P(' <

$

A

%

19

$

A

%

1:

$

A

%

%'*6<*+

-

?E5#$*&+

$

2

%

1@9 1@9 G47($4**

B

:99

%'*6<*+

-

6#+#

-

(?

$

2

%

1@9=9

$

9=9

%

1@9=9

$

9=9

%

A56=A

$

D@=<

%

0$(

1

5#$(

$

0F

%

2$(

1

2

)

6*+ DD=1

$

1D=:

%

@@=:

$

1<=9

%

196=3

$

1<=6

%

@P(5#

-

(2

1

((?

6#Q

$

6

)

2

%

9=:D

$

9=96

%

9=3@

$

9=96

%

9=56

$

9=19

%

3

P(5$

$

6

)

6*+

%

1:=A

$

:=:

%

1<=<

$

:=3

%

A1=6

$

:=D

%

R(*

-

3$

5(#)3(?

$

6

%

:6=<

$

6=@

%

5:=9

$

19=A

%

65=9

$

:9=@

%

F=[=

&

Q!4(-)*($8('

0?

#-;%-$4')#.#-##&4*+4!#,8

B

4&#-4

0

#)*($8('

0

,+-4!(%'$4'4

0

#,('/#)%',/

$

/

%-

/!#

?

-4!#

$

QV

%

?

#-$('

$

/!#

?

/

)

$('

%-

4&#-4

0

#$47($+$/

?

##,

$

Q

?

##,

$47

%

('

$

$

)

/

%-

&#-!()4*,(/

?

*4)#$#'!

$

"

&#-!

%

('$#!#-

?

#-$('

$

$

)

$('

%-

)4*)+*4!#,&#-!()4*"#(

0

"!

-#4)"#,

$

I#(

0

"!

-#4)"#,

%

('$#!#-

$

$

%

;%-#4)"*#&#*/('>48*#A4',3=

!!

P%-!"#$%,#*,#&#*%

?

$#'!4',&4*(,4!(%'

#

4$+*!(2

&4-(48*#*('#4--#

0

-#//(%'.4/+!(*(/#,('cLQ>N>

$

d#-2

/(%'A913=1=91

#

N,,('/%;!

%

=N/!"#.%-E*%4,,%#/'%!

%'*

B

,#

?

#',%'!"#QV8+!4*/%%'/!#

?

"#(

0

"!

#

!"#'!"#

,4!44'4*

B

/(/.4/-+';%-&#-!()4*,(/

?

*4)#$#'!

#

4/.#**=

>"#

?

-#,()!(%'.4/#7

?

#)!#,!%8#+/48*#!%

0

#!"#-.(!"

?

%

?

+*4!(%';(!'#//,4!4

!

A92AA

"

=N**,#!4(*/%'$%,#*,#2

&#*%

?

$#'!!%

0

#!"#-.(!"*($(!4!(%'/%;!"#$%,#*

#

4',

/+

00

#/!#,!"#*(!#-4!+-#4',,4!484/#/!"4!4**%.;%-

?

-4)!()4*+/#4-#

?

+8*(/"#,('4

?

4

?

#-8

B

+E*4'#4',

I4*,#-

$

A91D

%!

A:

"

=

C

!

F(2E'$2#+??*2)E22*&+

;"#

!

J*=%&5&*'>39%44*

6

*4%1

-

1'.1.

!

LN

/&*=

"

Q+8

J

#)!/ $47($+$ 4#-%8())4

?

4)(!

B

.#-# ,#!#-2

$('#,8

B

!"#$47($+$&4*+#/;%-"#4-!-4!#

$

IV

$47

%

('

8#4!/

?

#-$('+!#

$

8

)

$('

%#

$47($+$%7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

2

!(%'

$

dY

A$47

%

('$(**(*(!-#

)

E

0

)

$('+!#

$

$*

)

E

0

)

$('

%

-#2

)%-,#,,+-('

0

!"#!#/!=>"#-#*4!(&#4&#-4

0

#$47($+$

dY

A

&4*+#/,+-('

0

!"#$47($+$!#/!.#-#'%!&4-(#,/%

$+)"8#!.##'$4*#4',;#$4*#=I%.#&#-

#

!"#IV

$47

.4/"(

0

"#-;%-!"#$4*#!"4';#$4*#,+-('

0

!"#dY

A$47

!#/!

$

>48*#:

%

=

D#<'(C

!

03&72$3(6#Q*6E6)#

1

#)*$

8

$(2$5(2E'$26(#+

"

0"

#

4&5#''

"

UW!B

#

2E<

S

()$2#+?)&6

1

#5*2&+<($7((+6#'(#+?4(6#'(

<(4&5($3($(2$&+2$#*56#)3*+(

_[

!6#Q

$

'

)

6*+

%

_[

!6#Q

$

6'

)

L

-

)

6*+

%

RF

6#Q

$

<

)

6*+

%

:=3:

$

9=<A

%

3<=1

$

6=9

%

169=6

$

1:=A

%

I#5#6($(52 J#'(

"

UW/C

#

,(6#'(

"

UW/!

#

_[

!6#Q

$

'

)

6*+

%

:=<<

$

9=D6

%

:=9@

$

9=D9

%

_[

!6#Q

$

6'

)

L

-

)

6*+

%

3<=9

$

@=D

%

3<=A

$

6=<

%

RF

6#Q

"

<

*

6*+

#

165=3

$

1A=3

%

1@D=1

$

1A=6

%

;"/

!

@1*%>42%&9%7

C

1'.1.

>"#

?

"

B

/()4*.%-E*%4,&4*+#/(')*+,('

0

$47($+$

IV

#

4&#-4

0

#-#*4!(&# $47($+$ dY

A

%8!4('#,4!L:

-#4)"#,48%+!69265u%;!"#dY

A$47

!#/!

$

>48*#3

%

=>"(/

/!+,

B

-#/+*!/4*/%/"%.#,!"4!!"#4&#-4

0

#4/)#',('

0

,+2

-4!(%'.4/48%+!3=:A$('=>"#

?

4-!()(

?

4'!/"4&#$4'2

4

0

#,!%)*($84'4&#-4

0

#65$&#-!()4**

B

('!"#/#)4*)+2

*4!#,)*%/#!%(',(&(,+4*$47($+$4/)#',('

0

/

?

##,/=>"#

!.%!"(-,%;!"#

?

4-!()(

?

4'!/

$

FX1<

%

%+!%;A5."%"4&#

$4'4

0

#,!%/+/!4('4/)#',('

0

;%-!"(//!(

?

+*4!#,52$('

,+-4!(%'4',!"#

B

!#-$#,(!.4/#7!-#$#*

B

"4-,!4/E=Y'

!"#)%'!-4-

B

#

!"#-#/!@

?

4-!()(

?

4'!/,(,

H

+(!8#;%-#/!(

?

2

+*4!#,52$('8#)4+/#%;#7"4+/!(%'

#

4',!"#(-

H

+(!!('

0

!($#//!4-!#,;-%$!"#A

',

$('=>"#

J

%('!4'4*

B

/(/%;

GZ4',dY

A

-#/+*!/,%#/,(/)+//(;,(/)%'!('+4!(%'.4/

(%!

Page 5: Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation …lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/25065339/PED2016_full... · 2 /!#?/)$(’.4/& $"&#-! &#-! &#-!!%*

.%"/''(+#0-"1.'('-$%+2#2#(342/52$+"#67#2,+/-89:;

-#*4!#,!%%7

B0

#')%'/+$

?

!(%')4

?

4)(!

B

%-*%)4*$+/)*#

;4!(

0

+#=N'#7)#//(&#.%-E*%4,;%-!"#*#

0

$+/)*#/$(

0

"!

;%-)#!"#/+8

J

#)!/!%

H

+(!4',,(,'%!4**%.!"#dY

A

!%

-#4)"!"##

H

+4*&4*+#/."()".#-#%8!4('#,,+-('

0

!"#

dY

A$47

!#/!

!

16

"

=U-#*($('4-(*

B

#

(!)4'8#/

?

#)+*4!#,!"4!

$%/!,(/)%'!('+4!(%'/$(

0

"!"4&#8##'-#*4!#,!%('/+;;(2

)(#'!#'#-

0B

/+

??

*

B

!"-%+

0

"8*%%,;*%.!%*%)4*$+/)*#/

;%-*(;!('

0

!"#*#

0

/+',#-"(

0

"*

B

-#

?

#!(!(&#4)!(&(!

B

=

D#<'(A

!

0$#*5)'*6<*+

-

$(2$2

1

(54&56#+)()&6

1

#5*2&+<($7((+6#'(

"

UW/C

#

#+?4(6#'(

"

UW/!

#

#+?&P(5#''#''2E<

S

()$2

"

UW!B

#

1

(54&56#+)(#$'(P('C

"

TC

#

&59:`_[

!6#Q

5('#$(?*+?*P*?E#'2$(

1

5#$(2

"

0F

#

#5(

-

*P(+<('&77*$36(#+

"

0"

#

E)')9-/-'2 R)*-

"

WP?G

#

!-9)*-

"

WP?%

#

T/

"

6#Q*6E6C6*+

#$V:`&4_[

!6#Q

#

%'*6<*+

-

6#+#

-

(?

"

2

#

1@9=99

$

9=99

%

1@9=99

$

9=99

%

0

1

((?

6#Q

"

6

*

2

#

9=:D

$

9=9@

%

9=:D

$

9=19

%

0F

"

2$(

1

2

*

6*+

#

D5=6

$

15=3

%

DD=:

$

1@=9

%

3

P(5$

"

6

*

6*+

#

1:=A

$

:=1

%

1:=:

$

:=D

%

R(*

-

3$

5(#)3(?

"

6

#

:6=D

$

6=A

%

:6=@

$

19=@

%

`_[

!6#Q5(#)3(?

$

DA=A

$

3=6

%

DA=@

$

5=D

%

`RF

6#Q5(#)3(?

!

<1=5

$

3=6

%

<<=:

$

3=@

%

T!

"

6#Q*6E6C6*+

#$>B`&4_[

!6#Q

#

%'*6<*+

-

6#+#

-

(?

"

2

#

1@9=99

$

9=99

%

1@9=99

$

9=99

%

0

1

((?

6#Q

"

6

*

2

#

9=3<

$

9=9@

%

9=3@

$

9=1

%

0F

"

2$(

1

2

*

6*+

#

@<=A

$

15=<

%

@6=3

$

16=9

%

3

P(5$

"

6

*

6*+

#

1<=5

$

:=1

%

1<=6

$

:=@

%

R(*

-

3$

5(#)3(?

"

6

#

5A=:

$

6=3

%

5:=<

$

11=3

%

`_[

!6#Q5(#)3(?

$

<<=D

$

<=5

%

<6=<

$

5=D

%

`RF

6#Q5(#)3(?

!

@:=6

$

D=9

%

@6=6

$

:=9

%

TC

"

6#Q*6E6B6*+&5E+$*'

(Q3#E2$*&+ #$ 9: ` &4

_[

!6#Q

#

%'*6<*+

-

6#+#

-

(?

"

2

#

A:5=:@

$

<5=:5

%

A@5=99

$

51=6D

%

0

1

((?

6#Q

"

6

*

2

#

9=56

$

9=96

%

9=56

$

9=11

%

0F

"

2$(

1

2

*

6*+

#

19@=6

$

1D=A

%

196=@

$

A9=A

%

3

P(5$

"

6

*

6*+

#

A1=@

$

:=A

%

AA=9

$

3=9

%

R(*

-

3$

5(#)3(?

"

6

#

@5=3

$

:9=1

%

195=3

$

A6=1

%

`_[

!6#Q5(#)3(?

$

6A=5

$

<=A

%

63=@

$

3=D

%

`RF

6#Q5(#)3(?

!

63=@

$

3=D

%

6@=9

$

A=9

%

CC @P(5#

-

()'*6<*+

-1

(54&56#+)(4&5#''2E<

S

()$2

"

UW!B

#

%'*6<*+

-

6#+#

-

(?

"

2

#

A56=A

$

D@=<

%

0

1

((?

6#Q

"

6

*

2

#

9=56

$

9=19

%

0F

"

2$(

1

2

*

6*+

#

#+?5#+

-

( 196=3

$

1<=6

%

4',

$

D@=921::=9

%

3

P(5$

"

6

*

6*+

#

A1=@

$

:=D

%

R(*

-

3$

5(#)3(?

"

6

#

65=9

$

:9=@

%

`_[

!6#Q5(#)3(?

$

6:=D

$

D=1

%

`RF

6#Q5(#)3(?

!

6D=6

$

:=9

%

$

udY

A$47-#4)"#,

&

2

?

#-)#'!4

0

#%;dY

A$47

-#4)"#,,+-('

0

4/)#',('

0

%

uIV

$47-#4)"#,

&

2

?

#-)#'!4

0

#%;IV

$47

-#4)"#,,+-('

0

4/)#',('

0

!!

N/$%/!%;!"#/+8

J

#)!/."%

H

+(!!#,8#;%-#5$('

.#-#$4*#/

#

!"#'(!)4'8##7

?

#)!#,!"4!-#*4!(&#*

B

*4-

0

#

$4//)%+*,4;;#)!!"#

?

#-;%-$4')#=I%.#&#-

#

(!/##$/

'%!!%8#!"#)4/#4/!"#(-8%,

B

$4//#/.#-#,(/!-(8+!#,

8#!.##'D54',1A@E

0

4',!"#(-dY

A$47

*#&#*/.#-#8#2

!.##':A=@4',5<=:$*

)

E

0

)

$('

#

(=#=!"#-#.4/4"(

0

"

&4-(4!(%'#&#'('/#*#)!#,QV/=Y'*

B

!"#(-/+8

J

#)!(&#

)%$

?

*4('/4!!"##',%;!"##7#-)(/#.#-#-#*4!#,!%!"#

,(;;()+*!

B

!%*(;!!"#*#

0

/%-

?

4('('*#

0

/

)

J

%('!/=N*/%

#

('

$4'

B

/+8

J

#)!/(!.4/%8/#-&#,4',&(/(8*#!"4!!"#

B

/!4-2

!#,!%

?

+!#7!-4#;;%-!('!%!"#4-$/."(*#!"#

B

.#-#

0

-(

??

('

0

!"#/!4(- $4)"('#"4',*#84-/=>"(//!-4!#

0B

,%#/(',()4!#4'#;;%-!."()".4/$4,#8

B

/+8

J

#)!/!%-#2

,+)#!"#*#

0

$+/)*#/*%4,('%-,#-!%)%'!('+#)*($8('

0

#

!"+/-#,+)#!"#('!#'/(!

B

%;*%)4*;4!(

0

+#=Q($+*!4'#%+/*

B

#

4/$%-#8%,

B?

4-!/.(**8#.%-E('

0

!"#'!"#!%!4*%7

B0

#'

+

?

!4E#)4

?

4)(!

B

#

4','%!%'*

B

8*%%,/+

??

*

B

!%*%)4*$+/)*#/

#

.%+*,4!)#-!4('/!4

0

#(')-#4/#('($

?

%-!4')#;%-

?

#-;%-$2

4')#=I%.#&#-

#

4**!"#

?

4-!()(

?

4'!/"4&#$4'4

0

#,!%

1

/+-2

&(&#

2

!"#:$('#7#-)(/#,+-4!(%'('!"#!.%*%.#-4/)#',('

0

)%!

Page 6: Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation …lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/25065339/PED2016_full... · 2 /!#?/)$(’.4/& $"&#-! &#-! &#-!!%*

!"#$%"&&'(')*'%+,'#$-

('!#'/(!(#/4!L14',LA)%$

?

4-#,!%!"#L:=

;";

!

A>'+%41%37.83>*.4'7+%7

C

'B*45*1%37

[4/#,%'4&4(*48*#$47($4*)4

?

4)(!

B

-#)%-,('

0

/%;4

;#./+8

J

#)!/."%,(,

?

4-!()(

?

4!#('!"#;(#*,!-(4*/4',4/2

/+$('

0

!"4!!"#!#/!#,

?

%

?

+*4!(%'.%+*,)%--#/

?

%',.(!"

!"#(-$47($4*)4

?

4)(!

B

!%!"#$#4/+-#,/!+,#'!

?

%

?

+*42

!(%'

!

A3

"

4',+!(*(M('

0

$+*!(&4-(48*#*('#4--#

0

-#//(%'

$

cLQ>N>

%

4

?

-#,()!(%'$%,#*.4/,#&#*%

?

#,=[4/#,%'

!"4!

#

!"#/!#

?

-4!#.4/)4*)+*4!#,;-%$dY

A$47

4',4($#,

?

#-)#'!4

0

#%;dY

A$47

=N))%-,('

0

!%I%*$#-4',Z4&"#,

$

A99<

%

4',C'!#-'4!(%'4*Y-

0

4'(M4!(%';%-Q!4',4-,(M42

!(%'

$

CQY@66D

%!

A5

"

4

?

#-/%')%+*,$4'4

0

#48%+!5$(2

'+!#/4!%'#T/@9269u%;dY

A$47

#

48%+!15$('+!#/4!<92

@9u%;dY

A$47

4',+

?

!%A"%+-/4!592D9u%;dY

A$47

=

>"+/!"#

?

-#,()!(%'/.#-#4($#,!%.4-,/59u

#

<9u4',

69u%;#4)"(',(&(,+4*T/dY

A$47

=>"#('!#',#,

?

#-)#'!2

4

0

#%;dY

A$47

,+-('

0?

-#,()!(%'/%-,#&#*%

?

$#'!

?

"4/#

$

FX16

%

-#4)"#,"(

0

"#-!"4'!"#&4*(,4!(%'

?

"4/#

$

FX

D

%

=I%.#&#-

#

4/!"#-#.4/$+)"*#//)%$

?

4-48*#(';%-2

$4!(%'4&4(*48*#%'*%.#-.%-E*%4,/

#

!"#'!"#$#4/+-#,

&4*+#/('!"#*48%-4!%-

B

.#-#

H

+(!#)*%/#4!"(

0

".%-E2

*%4,8+!#7)##,#,!"#

?

-#,()!(%')%'/(,#-48*

B

4!*%.#-

4',$#,(+$.%-E*%4,/

$

P(

0

=A

%

=

[4/#,%'!"#;(-/!16*48%-4!%-

B

#7

?

#-($#'!/+82

J

#)!/

#

4'#.

?

-#,()!(%'$%,#*.4/,#&#*%

?

#,4',(!.4/

&4*(,4!#,%'!"#D*4/!/+8

J

#)!/=N/!"#%-(

0

('4*

?

-#,()2

!(%'+',#-#/!($4!#,!"#*%.#-.%-E*%4,/

#

!"#'!"(/!($#

D9u

#

<5u 4',69u %;dY

A$47

.4/4($#,('%-,#-!%

$4!)"

?

-#&(%+/*

B

)%**#)!#,,4!4=N,%

?

!('

0

!"#'#.

?

-#2

,()!(%'

#

'%/+8

J

#)!,(,

H

+(!

#

4',!"#4($#,

?

#-)#'!4

0

#/

/!4

B

#,.(!"('!"#/!4',4-,,#&(4!(%'%;!"#$#4/+-#,&4*2

+#/=I#4-!-4!#&4*+#/.#-#/!(**)*%/#-!%!"#$47($4*

!"4'dY

A

&4*+#/(',()4!('

0

!"4!4'4,,(!(%'4*/!-4(')%+*,

"4&#8##')4+/#,8

B

%!"#-;4)!%-/!"4'

?

"

B

/()4*.%-E

*%4,%'*

B

$

P(

0

=A4',>48*#3

%

=

!!!!!!!!

$

4

%

!!!!! !!!!!!

$

8

%

,*

-

.!

!

J(#2E5(?

1

(5)(+$#

-

(&46#Q*6#'P#'E(2&4

"

#

#

/92E<

S

()$2

&4$3(?(P('&

1

6(+$

1

3#2(#+?

"

<

#

V2E<

S

()$2&4P#'*?#$*&+

1

3#2(.

I5(?*)$*&+7#2)#55*(?&E$4&55('#$*P(_[

!6#Q

P#'E(2*+6'

*

L

-

*

6*+.

D3(

1

(5)(+$&46#Q*6#'3(#5$5#$(

"

`&4RF

6#Q

#

#5(

-

*P(+4&5

)&6

1

#5*2&+.D3($3*)L3&5*H&+$#''*+(26#5L$3(*+$(+?(?

1

(5)(+$#

-

(2

>"#

?

-#,()!(%'#

H

+4!(%';%-!"#/!#

?

-4!#

$

QV

%

('

/!#

?

/

)

$('.4/

&

Q!#

?

-4!#

$

QV

%

Xv19@,@D::kA,91A1

$

dY

AJG7

!!!!!!!!!!

k1,:A@6

$

KdY

AJG7

$

1

%

>"#;(!'#//4,

J

+/!#,V

A

.4/9=615=Q($(*4-

?

-#,()2

!(%'84/#,%'"#4-!-4!#*#,!%4)%--#*4!(%'.(!"4,

J

+/!#,

V

A

%;9=<95=

K%'/(,#-('

0

!"4!!"#QV$4

B

'%!8#!"#$%/!+/#;+*

;%-

?

-4)!()4*+/#,+#!%!"#

?

%//(8*##;;#)!%;/!#

?

"#(

0

"!

#!)=!"#'4*/%4'#

H

+4!(%';%-&#-!()4*,(/

?

*4)#$#'!

$

"

&#-!

#

$

)

$('

%

.4//+

00

#/!#,

&

d#-!()4*,(/

?

*4)#$#'!

$

"

&#-!

%

XvA1,<<A<k9,39A3

$

dY

AJG7

!!!!!!!!!!!!!

k9,AD5@

$

KdY

AJG7

$

A

%

A

!

%&+)'E2*&+2

N.(,#-4'

0

#%;,4!484/#/.(!""+$4'

?

"

B

/()4*)42

?

4)(!

B

(';%-$4!(%'4',-#/+*!/;-%$;(#*,#7

?

#-($#'!/4*2

*%.#,!%,#&#*%

?

4

?

"

B

/(%*%

0

()4*$%,#*%;4/)#',('

0

#&4)+4!(%'=>"#$%,#*-#*4!#/!%$47($4*

?

"

B

/()4*)42

?

4)(!

B

%;4"#4*!"

B

(',(&(,+4*=>"#&#-!()4*,(/

?

*4)#$#'!

)4'8#)4*)+*4!#,4/"

&#-!

X vA1=<<A<k9=39A3

$

dY

A$47

k9=AD5@

$

udY

A$47

$

V

A

X9=615

%

=>"##

H

+4!(%'.4/

&4*(,4!#,%'D/+8

J

#)!/('!"#*48%-4!%-

B

)%',(!(%'/=C'

%-,#-!%4**%.48-%4,+!(*(M4!(%'%;!"#

?

-#,()!(%'4))+2

-4!#;(!'#//#/!($4!(%'%;!"#!4-

0

#!

?

%

?

+*4!(%'/(/'##2

,#,=N*/%

#

&4*(,4!(%'(';(#*,.(!",(;;#-#'!/!4(-.#**

)%';(

0

+-4!(%'

#

)4--(#,*%4,

#

4

0

#

0

-%+

?

/#!)=.%+*,4**%.

($

?

-%&#$#'!%;!"#$%,#*4/4

?

*4''('

0

!%%*=

@)L+&7'(?

-

(6(+$2

>"#/!+,

B

.4//+

??

%-!#,8

B

!"#Q.#,(/">-4'/

?

%-!

N,$('(/!-4!(%'

$

>-4;(E&#-E#!

%

4',!"#Q.#,(/"P(-#V#2

/#4-)"[%4-,

$

[-4',;%-/E

%

=\%"4'F%-t';-%$[-(482

[-4',_V(/E('

0

#'

J

o-#-'4N[4',G4!!(4/W#*(';-%$

W#[-4',Q&#-(

0

#N["4&#8##'8

B

%+-/(,#4*%'

0

."%*#

.4

B

.(!"!"#(-4,&()#-#*4!#,!%

?

-4)!()4*;(-##'

0

('##-2

('

0

=G4'

B

!"4'E/!% 4-*P-(,%*;;%-*#4,('

0

!"#."%*#

?

-%

J

#)!

#

4', '-()%V%')"(."%'4&(

0

4!#,('!%"4-8%+-

4!!"##',

#

8%!";-%$W#

?

4-!$#'!%;P(-#Q4;#!

B

'

0

(2

'##-('

0

#

L+',b'(&#-/(!

B

#

Q.#,#'=

F(4(5(+)(2

!

1

"

!

I= P-4'!M()"

# '

b!-

B

$'('

0

/&n

0

4-/ ;

B

/(/E4 E4

?

4)(!#!2

/4$$4'/!n**'('

0

%)"+!&n-,#-('

0

4&E+'/E4

?

/*n

0

#!

#(

L+',/

+'(&#-/(!#!

#

L+',166:=

!

A

"

!

G=W#*('4',\=F%-t'

#'

P

B

/(/E4'/!-n'

0

'('

0

&(,+!-

B

$'('

0

+

??

;o-!-4

??

%-2+'/E4

?

/o&#-/(E!

#(

L+',b'(&#-/(!

B

#

L+',

:1<6

#

A913=

!

:

"

!

\=F%-t'

#

G=W#*('

#

4',`=P-(,%*;

#'

>"#K%';#-#')#%'

U#,#/!-(4'4', &4)+4!(%'W

B

'4$()/A913

$

U WA913

%#

AA2

A3Y)!%8#-A913

#

W#*;!

#

>"#F#!"#-*4',/N/)#',('

0

Q!4(- 2

&4)+4!(%'

&

S"4!,% S# '%.

3#(

('>-4'/

?

%-!4!(%'V#2

/#4-)"U-%)#,(4

#

A913

#

??

=<<32<@A=

!

3

"

!

W=V=[4//#!!

#

\=N=d4)"%'

#

N=Y= (-E*4',

#

=>=

I%.*#

B

#

>= =W+')4'

#

4',`=V=\%"'/%'

#'

'#-

0B

)%/!

*%!

Page 7: Estimation of vertical displacement during ascending evacuation …lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/25065339/PED2016_full... · 2 /!#?/)$(’.4/& $"&#-! &#-! &#-!!%*

.%"/''(+#0-"1.'('-$%+2#2#(342/52$+"#67#2,+/-89:;

%;/!4(-)*($8('

0

4',,#/)#',('

0

%'!"#)%**#

0

#4*+$'+/

H

+#/2

!(%''4(-#

#(

G#,()('#_Q)(#')#('Q

?

%-!/_ 7#-)(/#

#

&%*=

A6

#

??

=1A5921A535

?

#

166<=

!

5

"

!

N=F=\%"'/%'

#

W=P=K%%

?

#-

#

4',V=I= ,.4-,/

#'

72

#-!(%'%;/!4(-)*($8('

0

(''%-$4*/+8

J

#)!/4',('

?

4!(#'!/

.(!")"-%'()%8/!-+)!(&#8-%')"(!(/

#(

>"%-47

#

&%*=:A

#

?

=

<11

#

1A

))

16<<=

!

D

"

!

V=G4-

0

4-(4

#

U=N

0

"#$%

#

4', =V%&#**(

#'

G#4/+-#$#'!

%;$+/)+*4-

?

%.#-

$

4'4#-%8()

%

('$4'

#(

\N

??

*U"

B

/(%*

#

&%*=A1

#

??

=1DDA23

#

Q#

?

16DD=

!

<

"

!

`=K=>#"4',N=V=NM(M

#'

I#4-!-4!#

#

%7

B0

#'+

?

!4E#

#

4',#'#-

0B

)%/!%;4/)#',('

0

4',,#/)#',('

0

!"#/!4(-/

#(

G#,()('#N',Q)(#')#C'Q

?

%-!/N', 7#-)(/#

#

&%*=:3

#

??

=

D652D66

#

A99A=

!

@

"

!

F=K=Q

?

+-.4

B

#'

N#-%8()#7#-)(/#

#

4'4#-%8()#7#-)(/#4',

!"#*4)!4!#!"-#/"%*,

#(

[-G#,[+**

#

&%*=3@

#

??

=5D6261

#

\+*166A=

!

6

"

!

\=I=>=L4$

#

\= = =]+#'

#

=S=G=L##

#

4',V=]=

]=L##

#'

7

?

#-($#'!4*/!+,

B

%'+

?

.4-,$%&#$#'!('4

"(

0

"2-(/#8+(*,('

0

#(

Q4;#!

B

Q)(#')#

#

??

=:6<2395

#

A913=

!

19

"

!

N=I4*,#-

#

`= +E*4'#

#

G=G(**#-

#

K=Z4%

#

G=W#*('

#

\=

F%-t'

#

#!4*=

#'

U"

B

/(%*%

0

()4*L($(!4!(%'/%;Y7

B0

#'b

?

!4E#

4',L#

0

G+/)*#N)!(&(!

B

,+-('

0

N/)#',('

0

&4)+4!(%'('

Q!4(-.4

B

/

#(

Q+8$(!!#,!% +-\N

??

*U"

B

/(%*

#

A91D

,

=

!

11

"

!

C=I%*$t-4',W=Z4&"#,

#'

K*4//(;()4!(%'%;$#!48%*()4',

-#/

?

(-4!%-

B

,#$4',/(';(-#;(

0

"!('

0

4)!(&(!

B

.(!"#7!-#$#

.%-E*%4,/

#(

N

??

*(#, -

0

%'%$()/

#

&%*=:@

#

??

=3525A

#

1

)

1

)

A99<A99<=

!

1A

"

!

d=L%+"#&44-4

#

\=Q$%*4',#-

#

Y= %-"%'#'

#

4',>=>+%2

$(

#'

G47($4*.%-E('

0

!($#/.(!"4/#*;2)%'!4('#,8-#4!"('

0

4

??

4-4!+/

#(

-

0

%'%$()/

#

&%*=A6

#

??

=<<2@5

#

16@D

)

91

)

91

16@D=

!

1:

"

!

\=I=S(*$%-#

#

W=L=K%/!(**

#

4',`=S=L=

#

U"

B

/(%*%

0B

%;/

?

%-!4',#7#-)(/#

#

D!"#,=K"4$

?

4(

0

'

#

CL

#

bQN

&

I+2

$4' ('#!()/

#

A99@=

!

13

"

!

Z=Q

J

%

0

44-,

#

Z=Q4&4-,

#

4',K=\+#*

#'

G+/)*#8*%%,;*%.

,+-('

0

(/%$#!-()4)!(&(!

B

4',(!/-#*4!(%'!%$+/)*#;4!(

0

+#

#(

+-\N

??

*U"

B

/(%*Y))+

?

U"

B

/(%*

#

&%*=5<

#

??

=:A<2:5

#

16@@=

!

15

"

!

=I=K"-(/!#'/#'

#

V=I#,$4'

#

4',[=Q4*!('

#'

C'!#-$(!2

!#'!4',)%'!('+%+/-+''('

0

=

$

N;+-!"#-)%'!-(8+!(%'!%!"#

?

"

B

/(%*%

0B

%;('!#-$(!!#'!.%-E=

%#(

N)!4U"

B

/(%*Q)4',

#

&%*=59

#

??

=AD62@D

#

W#):916D9=

!

1D

"

!

G=[%"

0

4-,

#

V=NE/#*//%'

#

C=I%*$t-

#

Z=\%"4'//%'

#

P=

V4//'#-

#

4',L=2Z=Q.#'//%'

#

S%-E4',>#)"'%*%

0B

%'

I+$4'>#-$/

#

1

&

1#,=Q!%)E"%*$

#

Q.#,#'

&

U-#&#'!

#

A996=

!

1<

"

!

NKQG

$

N$#-()4'K%**#

0

#%;Q

?

%-!/G#,()('#

%#

NKQGT/

0

+(,#*('#/;%-#7#-)(/#!#/!('

0

4',

?

-#/)-(

?

!(%'

#

@#,=U"(*42

,#*

?

"(4

#

bQN

&

S%*!#-/ *+.#-

-

L(

??

(')%!! S(**(4$/_

S(*E('/

#

A919=

!

1@

"

!

\=]=L##

#

C=[4E-(

#

\=I=($

#

Q=]=Q%'

#

4',]=>%)"(2

"4-4

#'

>"#($

?

4)!%;;(-#;(

0

"!#-

?

#-/%'4*

?

-%!#)!(&##

H

+(

?

2

$#'!4',!-#4,$(**

?

-%!%)%*%'$47($4*%7

B0

#'+

?

!4E#

#(

\

Y))+

?

'&(-%'I

B0

#

&%*=19

#

??

=:6<239<

#

A91:=

!

16

"

!

N=I4*,#-

#

G=G(**#-

#

K=Z4%

#

4',`= +E*4'#

#'

U"

B

/()4*

S%-EK4

?

4)(!

B

4',L#

0

G+/)*#/P4!(

0

+#,+-('

0

N/)#',('

0

%'Q!4(-G4)"('#

#(

>%8#/+8$(!!#,=

!

A9

"

!

N=Q=\4)E/%'

#

Q=F=[*4(-

#

G=>=G4"4-

#

L=>=S(#-

#

V=G=V%//

#

4',\= =Q!+!#&(**#

#'

U-#,()!(%'%;;+')!(%'4*

4#-%8())4

?

4)(!

B

.(!"%+!#7#-)(/#!#/!('

0

#(

G#,Q)(Q

?

%-!/

7#-)

#

&%*=AA

#

??

=@D:2<9

#

W#)1669=

!

A1

"

!

I=L%#

#

w=V%

0

'$%

#

b=S(/*x;;

#

4',[=Q4*!('

#'

N#-%8()

K4

?

4)(!

B

V#;#-#')#W4!4(':@1DI#4*!"

B

G#'4',S%$#'

A9269]#4-/

#(

UL%QYF

#

&%*=@

#

95

)

15

)

A91:=

!

AA

"

!

=Q"&4-!M4',V=K=V#(8%*,

#'

N#-%8();(!'#//'%-$/;%-

$4*#/4',;#$4*#/4

0

#,D!%<5

B

#4-/

&

4-#&(#.

#(

N&(4!

Q

?

4)# '&(-%'G#,

#

&%*=D1

#

??

=:211

#

\4'1669=

!

A:

"

!

`= +E*4'#4',N=I4*,#-

#'

N$%,#*!%#/!($4!#&#-!()4*

/

?

##,%;4/)#',('

0

#&4)+4!(%';-%$$47($4*.%-E)4

?

4)(!

B

,4!4

#(

N))#

?

!#,

#

C'

?

-#//

#

Q4;#!

B

Q)(#')#

#

\+'A91D=

!

A3

"

!

`= +E*4'#4',K=Z4%

#'

L#)!+-#$4!#-(4*/%'*48%-4!%-

B

#7#-)(/#/+$$4-(#/;%-I+$4'U#-;%-$4')#(' 7!-#$# '2

&(-%'$#'!/)%+-/#

$

/+$$4-(M#,,4!4;%-A99D2A91A

%#(

#,=

L+',

#

Q.#,#'

&

L+',b'(&#-/(!

B

#

A91A=

!

A5

"

!

CQY

$

C'!#-'4!(%'4*Y-

0

4'(M4!(%';%-Q!4',4-,(M4!(%'

%#'

-2

0

%'%$()/

#(

('W#!#-$('4!(%'%;$#!48%*()"#4!

?

-%,+)!(%'

#

$

CQY@66D

%

#,=Z#'#&4

#

Q.(!M#-*4',

#

A993=

"&!