Just Hard Work! Unit 5, CA 517 1

Ethical Dilemma

Week 5: INTRO

Dilemma:http://onlineacademics.org/CA517/Ethics.htm#5

INPUT Read and discuss Park information http://www.park.edu/support/ethics.asp

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Week 5:  Just Hard Work!

Chapter 11.

Statistics: Purpose, Approach, Method.

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SEB - Hard Work

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Test or scale

Most used method in the behavioral sciences for collecting data. 

Goal is objectivity.  Scientific objectivity involves

agreement between expert judges. 

Methods of observation and data collection have different degrees of objectivity.

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Test

is a systematic procedure to determine the behavior of individuals.

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Scale

Set of symbols or numerals constructed in a way such that these numerals or symbols can be assigned to individuals using some rule. 

Can be divided into three types: 

Agreement-Disagreement

Rank order

Forced -choice

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The research should take the time to determine if a test already exists for the study. 

There are a number of published and unpublished sources for tests. 

A new test should be created only if no test exists for the researcher's purpose.

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Significance

The basic principle behind the use of statistical tests of significance is to compare obtained (observed, empirical) results to chance expectations.

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Four purposes of statistics are to1.  reduce data to

manageable and understandable forms

2.  aid in the study of populations and samples

3.  aid in decision making

4. aid in making reliable inferences from samples to populations.

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Law of large numbers

The law of large numbers states that the larger the sample, the closer the sample value approaches the true (population) value.

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Continue with 6b.