ethics in public speaking - wordpress.com•a speaker’s guidebook (sixth edition)- by dan o’...
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ETHICS IN PUBLIC SPEAKINGby Remy Ashe
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What is Ethics?
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Ethics is the moral dimension of human conduct.
Ethics is derived from the Greek word ethos, meaning “Character.”
Codes of ethical speech are built on moral rather than legal principles.
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Respect for the Integrity of Ideas
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Over 2,500 years ago, Plato complained that political speakers were ignorant of their subjects regardless they continued to showcase their ignorance before the public.
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Respect for the integrity of ideas
Responsible Knowledge
✤ Make a strong effort to acquire responsible knowledge
✤ Responsible knowledge requires you to know more about the topic than your audience
✤ Knowing the main points of concern
✤ Understanding what experts believe about them
✤ Being aware of the most recent literature concerning the issue
✤ Realizing how these points affect the lives of listeners
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Avoiding Plagiarism ✤ A speech must be originally developed and written.
✤ All sources and ideas must be correctly cited.
✤ Plagiarism comes in various degrees and forms.
✤ Always credit the sources when you are using a direct quotation from either a published or an unpublished work.
✤You should credit especially colorful or striking language.
✤ Never summarize works of others and present it as your own speech.
✤ Never lift passages verbatim i.e. “copy and paste.”
Respect for the integrity of ideas
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Concern for Listeners
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✤ Realize the power of communication and how words affect the lives of listeners.
✤ Avoid egocentrism, or excess preoccupation with the self.
✤ Any speech should be audience centered.
✤ Respect audience values even when you do not share them.
Concern for listeners
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The Ethical Use of Language
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✤ Do not offer listeners distorted deception of reality.
✤ Use language to strengthen the ties of community, not divide people.
✤ Avoid language that is melodramatic that reduces complex issues to good and evil.
The ethical use of language
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✤ Avoid quoting out of context.
✤ Quoting out of context is unethical and can have a disastrous effect, especially to the vulnerable listener.
The ethical use of language
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Free Speech: Freedom & Responsibility
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USE FREE SPEECH RESPONSIBLY
However we have to use our rights responsibly - Being kind vs always being right!
✤ Racist, sexist, homophobic and any other forms of negative speech are unethical and should be avoided.
The First Amendment guarantees freedom of speech.
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Certain types of speech are illegal, such as:
✤ Speech that provokes people to violence.
✤ Speech that can be defamatory, causing potential harm to individual’s reputation at work or in the community.
✤ Speech that invades a person’s privacy, such as disclosing proprietary information.
Free Speech: Freedom & Responsibility
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Ethical Listening
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Ethical listening
✤ Give speakers your undivided attention.
✤ Keep your mind open to new ideas and keep personal biases aside.
✤ Avoid being judgmental.
✤ Provide honest feedback to the speaker.
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Credo for Ethical Communications
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Credo for Ethical Communication
✤ We advocate truthfulness, accuracy, honesty, and reason as essential to the integrity of communication.
✤ We condemn communication that degrades individuals and humanity through distortion, intimidation, coercion, and violence and through the expression of intolerance and hatred.
✤ We are committed to the courageous expression of personal convictions in pursuit of fairness and justice.
✤ We strive to understand and respect other communicators before evaluating and responding to their messages.
✤ We advocate sharing information, feelings and opinions, while also respecting private and confidentiality.
The National Communication Association adopts the following code of ethics concerning free expression.
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Conclusions
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✤ At the practical level, you must establish credibility with listeners. Credibility is based on trust, honesty and believability.
✤ You also have a moral obligation to treat your listeners with respect and to behave ethically toward them.
There are practical and moral reasons for maintaining an ethical stance in public speaking (Michael Josephson).
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References
• A Speaker’s Guidebook (Sixth Edition)- by Dan O’ Hair and Hannah Rubenstein
• Public Speaking (Sixth Edition)- by Osborne/Osborne
• A Pocket Guide to Public Speaking (Forth Edition) - by Dan O’ Hair and Hannah Rubinstein
• Credo of Ethical Communication -The National Communication Association
Contact: [email protected]