ethics of neonatal research john l. sever, md, phd. children’s national medical center george...
TRANSCRIPT
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ETHICS OF NEONATAL RESEARCH
John L. Sever, MD, PhD.
Children’s National Medical CenterGeorge Washington University Medical
CenterWashington, DC
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REFERENCES
• American Academy of Pediatrics
Policy Statement
Guidelines for the Ethical Conduct of Studies to Evaluate Drugs in Pediatric Populations. Pediatrics, Vol. 95, Number 2, February 1995, pages 286-294.
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REFERENCES
• Code of Federal Regulations
Title 45, Part 46, Subpart D
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ETHICAL PRINCIPLES - BELMONT REPORT
1. Respect for Persons
• Participants voluntarily consent to participate in research
• Obtain informed consent
• Privacy and confidentiality
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ETHICAL PRINCIPLES - BELMONT REPORT
2. Beneficence
• The risks of research are justified by potential benefits to the individual or society
• The study is designed so risks are minimized
• Conflicts of interest are managed adequately
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ETHICAL PRINCIPLES - BELMONT REPORT
3. Justice
• Vulnerable subjects are not targeted for convenience
• People who are likely to benefit from research participation are not systematically
excluded.
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NEONATAL HIV RESEARCH
1. Respect for Persons
Voluntary Consent Must be parent or guardian
Understanding?Ability to Cope?Motive?
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NEONATAL HIV RESEARCH
Direct benefitPhase I -- Unlikely
Benefit to othersBetter careAssistance --
MoneySocial Support/aidFood, formula, diapers
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NEONATAL HIV RESEARCH
InconvenienceVisits/timeTravelMedicationsSide effectsCosts
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NEONATAL HIV RESEARCH
2. BeneficenceBackground Information
Laboratory, Animals, Adults
Risks:May not be infected (98%)Toxicities in neonates Different metabolism Long-term effects -
Growth/Development/Mental Effect of maternal treatment - Resistance
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NEONATAL HIV RESEARCH
Benefits
Better suppression of infectionLower risk of transmissionLess side effectsEasier to administer
Better medical careSocial support for familyBenefit to other children
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NEONATAL HIV RESEARCH
3. Justice
Vulnerable subjects Newborns (Should not be targeted for convenience)
General availability - Location of centerRecruitment procedures
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IRB: RISK/PEDIATRICS
1. Not More Than Minimal Risk
Direct Benefit/No Direct Benefit OK
2. Minor Increase Over Minimal Risk Direct Benefit/No Direct Benefit OK
3. More Than Minimal Risk Direct Benefit OK
No Direct Benefit To HHS Panel