ethiopian livestock feed project, beef team
DESCRIPTION
Characterization of the livestock production system and potential of feed-based interventions in Adama and Arsi Negelle Districts. Ethiopian Livestock Feed Project, Beef Team. INTRODUCTION. What is FEAST? A tool to assess feed resource availability and use at site-level - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Characterization of the livestock production system and potential
of feed-based interventions in Adama and Arsi Negelle Districts
Ethiopian Livestock Feed Project, Beef Team
INTRODUCTION
What is FEAST? A tool to assess feed resource availability and use at site-level A systematic and rapid method Broadens feed assessment to determine:
whether livestock is an important livelihood strategy importance of feed relative to other problems on the farm
Helps in the design of site-specific strategies for feed supply & utilization through technical and organizational interventions FEAST is still under refinement
OBJECTIVES
The Objectives were to:
gain an understanding of the overall production system with a particular focus on the livestock feeding practices of farmers in Adama & Arsi Negele Districts
identify key areas of intervention that could improve livestock productivity in the districts
METHODOLOGY
Adama District Kechema Wonji Kuriftu Arsi Negele
District Ali Wayo Kersa Ilala
Both Districts located in the Rift Valley
6
No. Variables Weredas
Adama Arsi Negele
Kechema Kuriftu Ali-Weyo Kersa-Ilala
1 Land size 2 ha 1.5 ha 2 ha 2 ha
2 House hold 6 6 7 10
3 Cropping Season 3 2 2 3
4 Irrigation no yes no No
5 Labour 50 46 50 45
6 Crops grown Tef, wheat, maize, barley, beans and peas
Tef, wheat, maize, barley, beans
Tef, wheat, maize, barley
Tef, wheat, maize, potato
7 Fodder crops Grown
Leucaena, Napier grass, Sesbania sesban
Napier grass, fodder beet, alfalfa and Sesbania sesban
vetch No
8 Livestock Cattle, sheep, goats, donkey and poultry
Cattle, sheep, goats, donkey, Horse and poultry
Cattle, sheep, goats, donkey, Horse and poultry
Cattle, sheep, goats, poultry donkey and
9 Source of Income 100% 100% 100% 100%9.1 Agriculture 47 74 44 25
9.2 Livestock 35 26 37 57
9.3 Labour 18 0 0 18
9.4 business 0 0 19 0
Overview of the production system Overview of the production system
METHODOLOGY
Adama Arsi Negele
Kachema Wonji Kuriftu Ali Weyo Kersa Ilala
Proximity to woreda capital Presence of Smallholder beef fattening activities
SitesSelected
Selection criteria
No. of Participants
Wereda
Adama Arsi Negele Total
Kechema Kuriftu Ali-Weyo Kersa-Ilala
Male 15 11 15 15 56Female 5 9 7 5 26
Total 20 20 22 20 82
Numbers of participants from all kebeles.
• Group discussion with farmers:
• Kechema 20 (15 men and 5 women)• kuriftu 20 (11 men and 9 women)• Aliweyo 22 (15 men and 7 women)• KersaIlala 20 (15 men and 5 women)
PRAExercisePRAExercise
• Individual interviews with 3 farmers
• Quantitative information
IndividualFarmerSurvey
IndividualFarmerSurvey
• Data entered into FEAST Template
• Ideas for Interventions developed
Data Analysis &DevelopingInterventions
Data Analysis &DevelopingInterventions
9
Methodology of The FEAST Tool
Farming systems: average % contribution made by the various livelihood activities to total household income, ARSI NEGELE
ALi Wayo Kersa Ilala
Contribution of feed resources to animal diets, Adama
Adama Kechema Kuriftu
Fig. 24 & 25.The composition of the diet of animals according to season in kechema and wonji kuriftu kebeles, Ethiopia.
Contribution of feed resources to animal diets (CP%), ADAMA-
Adama Kechema Kuriftu
Fig. 21 & 21.The contributions made by the various feedstuffs (as a percentage) to the crude protein content of the diet of animals in kechema and wonji kuriftu kebele, Ethiopia
Contribution of feed resources to animal diets, Arsi Nege
Arsi Negelle Ali wayo Kersa ilala
Fig. 26 & 27.The composition of the diet of animals according to season in Ali Wayo and Kersa Ilala kebeles, Ethiopia.
Contribution of feed resources to animal diets (CP%), Arsi Negele
Arsi Negelle Ali wayo Kersa ilala
Fig. 22 & 23.The contributions made by the various feedstuffs (as a percentage) to the crude protein content of the diet of animals in Ali wayo and kersa ilala kebeles, Ethiopia
Feed Resource Availability & Seasonality
In kechema kebele the straw is usually fed as a whole fibre without any form of processing or manipulation prior to feeding and some times by mixing with concentrates
In wonji kuriftu the straw is fed by mixing with purchased concentrate feed.
But in both kebeles of Arsi Negelle district the straw is usually fed by mixing with <atela> (local liquor by product) and concentrate feed.
Feed Resource Availability & Seasonality
Cultivated forages Cultivated fodder as component of diet, ME and
CP for kechema and kuriftu kebeles comprising approximately of 24% and 27%; 19% and 24%; 21% and 16; respectively.
But in Arsi Negele district (Ali wayo and kersa ilala) there is no cultivated fodder.
Problems and Constraints: ADAMA
ADAMA Kechema Kuriftu
1stLivestock feed Livestock feed
2ndVeterinary service Cash/credit service
3rdCash/credit service Veterinary service
4thAI service Lack of training
5thLivestock inputs Livestock inputs
Problems and Constraints: ARSI NEGELE
ARSI NEGELE Ali Woyo Kersa Ilala
1st Livestock feed Livestock feed
2ndCash/credit service Cash/credit service
3rdMarket info.&
broker fraudulent
Agricultural and
livestock inputs4th
Lack of knowledge Veterinary service
5th Veterinary service Market info.& broker fraudulent
Suggested Solutions to constraintsVariables Wereda
Adama Arsi Negele
Kechema Kuriftu Ali-Weyo Kersa-Ilala
For pro.1 Forage
cultivation,
training,
minimizing
herd size
Create coops,
credit
provision by
govt,
Govt
intervention,
selling based
on weight
Provision of
improved
forage seed,
For pro.
2
Establishment
of Animal
Health
Center,
hygienic
practice,
training,
assignment of
technician
Mixing
different feed
ingredients,
training
Provision of
credit by govt
Create coops,
government
support to
facilitate
For pro.3 Joining the
saving and
credit coops,
saving, credit
service from
govt
Establishment
of Animal
Health Center
Proper use of
land
Create coops
For pro.4 Assignment
of AI
technician &
Regular
training
Training Establishing
Animal Health
Center and
Potential Interventions
Introduce least-cost fattening rations that help gradual shift away from certain crop/cottage industry byproducts that have disagreeable attributes: laborious to the women & too high wood fuel consuming that aggravate deforestation & climate change.
Limitations of the study
• In using quick questioners some questions were found ambiguous, e.g. sale of livestock and livestock products.
• In the selection procedure of three individuals for interview the selection might be fair if it is purposive rather than random. Besides, the sample size of only three respondents looks too small to represent the real situation.
Limitations of the study
• The reliance on farmer estimates for calculating animal intake from grazing and intake from collected green fodder is a possible source of inaccuracy.
• Farmers do give a rough estimate of the weight of crop residue but in the FEAST software space is not reserved in which the data was supposed to be filled in. As a result, the data analysis output shows zero value. This actually appears to be a temporary problem.
The Way Forward
• The current beef production level is definitely below consumption levels & market demands.
• The major impediment has been shortage of animal feed both in quantity and quality. For example, the fattening business in the kebeles is dependent upon crop residues & local liquor byproducts, all of which are unsustainable in supply.
• There is a need to intensify efforts on extension in aspects of efficient utilization of feed resources; improved livestock management; veterinary service, to mention just a few.
• Regardless of its considerable promise to the farming community and the national economy at large, farmers must be trained in beef fattening techniques, such as home mixing of low-cost fattening rations; etc.
Lessons Learnt
• Women who had been isolated from community discussions were now observed to have equal or even better knowledge, zeal, willingness to learn and actively participated in debates of the PRA exercise.
• Participation of the farmers in group discussions regarding their own problems increased their awareness on various issues, what to expect from input supplies, credit services, market information, etc.
• The discussion forum served as an efficient experience-sharing platform.
• The participation of District Agriculture Offices and the Kebele DAs benefited them a lot on how to probe the problems of the farmers.
~END~THANK YOU