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Document 1 Wells, Robert J The American Academy of Pediatrics policy statementchildren as hematopoietic stem cell donors. Pediatric blood & cancer 2011 Dec 1; 57(6): 10867; author reply 10889

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Document 2 Reynolds, Paul N; Turnidge, John D; Gottlieb, Thomas; Moore, Michael J; Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand; Australian Society for Microbiology; Australasian Society forInfectious Diseases; Public Health Association of Australia Crossborder patients with tuberculosis. The Medical journal of Australia 2011 Nov 7; 195(9): 5234


Document 3 Millin, Michael G; Khandker, Samiur R; Malki, Alisa Termination of resuscitation of nontraumatic cardiopulmonary arrest: resource document for the NationalAssociation of EMS Physicians position statement. Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the NationalAssociation of State EMS Directors 2011 OctDec; 15(4): 54754 Abstract: In the development of an emergency medical services (EMS) system, medical directors should considerthe implementation of protocols for the termination of resuscitation (TOR) of nontraumatic cardiopulmonary arrest.Such protocols have the potential to decrease unnecessary use of warning lights and sirens and save valuablepublic health resources. Terminationofresuscitation protocols for nontraumatic cardiopulmonary arrest should bebased on the determination that an EMS provider did not witness the arrest, there is no shockable rhythm identified,and there is no return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) prior to EMS transport. Further research is needed todetermine the need for direct medical oversight in TOR protocols and the duration of resuscitation prior to EMSproviders' determining that ROSC will not be achieved. This paper is the resource document to the NationalAssociation of EMS Physicians position statement on the termination of resuscitation for nontraumaticcardiopulmonary arrest.


Document 4 Byk, Christian; Covic, Ante; Engels, EveMarie; Eterovic, Igor; Fernandes, Márcia Santano; Goldim, José Roberto;Gosic, Nada; Juric, Hrvoje; Kalokairinou, Eleni; Krznar, Tomislav; Lima, Natacha Salomé; Muzur, Amir; Rincic, Iva;RoaCastellanos, Ricardo Andrés; Sass, HansMartin; Selak, Marija; Zagorac, Ivana

http://bioethics.georgetown.edu/databases/http://www11.georgetown.edu/research/nrcbl/databases/EthxWeb/ethxbool.htmhttp://kie.georgetown.edu/netacgi/nph-brs?co1=AND&co2=AND&co3=AND&co4=AND&d=EWEB&Sect2=THESON&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww11.georgetown.edu%2Fresearch%2Fnrcbl%2Fdatabases%2FEthxWeb%2Fethxbool.htm&r=0&p=2&f=S&l=50&s4=6.pc.+and+%40yd+%3E%3D20000000&s2=&co5=AND&pg1=SUBJ&op1=AND&s1=&co6=AND&op6=AND&s6=&Sect3=PLURON&Sect5=HITOFF&l=0http://kie.georgetown.edu/netacgi/nph-brs?co1=AND&co2=AND&co3=AND&co4=AND&d=EWEB&Sect2=THESON&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww11.georgetown.edu%2Fresearch%2Fnrcbl%2Fdatabases%2FEthxWeb%2Fethxbool.htm&r=0&p=1&f=1&l=50&s4=6.pc.+and+%40yd+%3E%3D20000000&s2=&co5=AND&pg1=SUBJ&op1=AND&s1=&co6=AND&op6=AND&s6=&Sect3=PLURON&Sect5=HITOFF&l=0http://ethicslab.org/openurl/wc/0000341173/http://ethicslab.org/openurl/gt/0000341173/http://ethicslab.org/openurl/wc/0000341110/http://ethicslab.org/openurl/gt/0000341110/http://ethicslab.org/openurl/wc/0000340936/http://ethicslab.org/openurl/gt/0000340936/

Rijeka Declaration on the future of bioethics. Indian journal of medical ethics 2011 OctDec; 8(4): 260


Document 5 American College of Emergency Physicians Conflict of interest. Policy statement. Annals of emergency medicine 2011 Oct; 58(4): 4035


Document 6 de Aranzabal Agudo, Maite; Hermana Tezanos, María Teresa [Ethics and esthetics in international cooperation]. = Ética y estética en la Cooperación Internacional. Atencion primaria / Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria 2011 Sep; 43(9): 497502 Abstract: Although more optimistic, the new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) continues to casthorrifying statistics on inequalities, not only in life expectancy but in many areas. Many NonGovernmentalOrganisations (NGOs) related to medicine seek to address this imbalance. To cooperate does not in any way appealto the call of sentimentality. Cooperation moves money and is accountable. It requires a strong background in bothprofessional and human values. It requires research on vaccines and diseases foreign to our society. To cooperatemeans "operate with" local counterparts, according to their needs and global health project. And finally, cooperationimplies the demand for change in certain aspects of the global economic order. We reflect on these questions anddescribe the different ethical frameworks for the population and NGOs.


Document 7 GómezMartín, Carlos; Concha, Angel; Corominas, José María; GarcíaCaballero, Tomás; GarcíaGarcía, Elena;Iglesias, Mar; López, José Antonio; Ramón y Cajal, Santiago; Rojo, Federico; Palacios, José; VeraSempere,Francisco; Aranda, Enrique; Colomer, Ramon; GarcíaAlfonso, Pilar; Garrido, Pilar; Rivera, Fernando; LópezRíos,Fernando; Spanish Society of Medical Oncology; Spanish Society of Pathology Consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP)for HER2 testing in gastric carcinoma. Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of theNational Cancer Institute of Mexico 2011 Sep; 13(9): 63651 Abstract: The identification of HER2 alterations in advanced gastric carcinomas is of critical importance in dailyclinical practice as such neoplasms require specific treatment with trastuzumab. For these reasons, pathologists andoncologists with expertise in gastric carcinomas and HER2 testing from both organisations (SEAP and SEOM) haveendeavoured to discuss and agree on national guidelines for HER2 testing in gastric carcinomas. These guidelinesare based on the experience of those who participated in the discussions and also on experience publishedinternationally. These agreed guidelines give the minimum requirements that a pathological anatomy laboratory mustfulfil in order to guarantee adequate HER2 testing in daily practice. Any laboratories which do not meet the minimumstandards set out in the guidelines must make every effort to achieve compliance.


Document 8 Umansky, Felix; Black, Peter L; DiRocco, Concenzio; Ferrer, Enrique; Goel, Atul; Malik, Ghaus M; Mathiesen, Tiit;Mendez, Ivar; Palmer, James D; Juanotena, Jorge Rodriguez; Fraifeld, Shifra; Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V

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Statement of Ethics in Neurosurgery of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies. World neurosurgery 2011 SepOct; 76(34): 23947 Abstract: This Statement of Ethics in Neurosurgery was developed by the Committee for Ethics and MedicoLegalAffairs of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies to help neurosurgeons resolve problems in the treatmentof individual patients and meet obligations to the larger society. This document is intended as a framework ratherthan a set of rules. It cannot cover every situation and should be used with flexibility. However, it is our intent thatthe fundamental principles enunciated here should serve as a guide in the daytoday practice of neurosurgery.


Document 9 Knoppers, Bartha M; Isasi, Rosario; Benvenisty, Nissim; Kim, OckJoo; Lomax, Geoffrey; Morris, Clive; Murray,Thomas H; Lee, Eng Hin; Perry, Margery; Richardson, Genevra; Sipp, Douglas; Tanner, Klaus; Wahlström, Jan; deWert, Guido; Zeng, Fanyi Publishing SNP genotypes of human embryonic stem cell lines: policy statement of the International StemCell Forum Ethics Working Party. Stem cell reviews 2011 Sep; 7(3): 4824 Abstract: Novel methods and associated tools permitting individual identification in publicly accessible SNPdatabases have become a debatable issue. There is growing concern that current technical and ethical safeguards toprotect the identities of donors could be insufficient. In the context of human embryonic stem cell research, there areno studies focusing on the probability that an hESC line donor could be identified by analyzing published SNPprofiles and associated genotypic and phenotypic information. We present the International Stem Cell Forum (ISCF)Ethics Working Party's Policy Statement on "Publishing SNP Genotypes of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines(hESC)". The Statement prospectively addresses issues surrounding the publication of genotypic data andassociated annotations of hESC lines in open access databases. It proposes a balanced approach between thegoals of open science and data sharing with the respect for fundamental bioethical principles (autonomy, privacy,beneficence, justice and research merit and integrity).


Document 10 Goldsmith, Jan The NMC code: conduct, performance and ethics. Nursing times 2011 Sep 2026; 107(37): 124 Abstract: The Code: Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics for Nurses and Midwives is a set of keyprinciples that should underpin the practice of all nurses and midwives, and remind them of their professionalresponsibilities. It is not just a tool used in fitnesstopractise casesit should be used to guide daily practice for allnurses and midwives. Alongside other standards, guidance and advice from the NMC, the code should be used tosupport professional development.


Document 11 Kahn, Norman B Jr.; Lichter, Allen S; Council of Medical Specialty Societies The new CMSS code for interactions with companies managing relationships to minimize conflicts. Journal of vascular surgery : official publication, the Society for Vascular Surgery [and] International Society forCardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter 2011 Sep; 54(3 Suppl): 34S40S Abstract: Conflicts of interest in medicine have received significant attention in recent years, through the public andprofessional media, federal and state governments, and through a 2009 report of the Institute of Medicine on Conflictof Interest in Medical Research, Education and Practice. The Council of Medical Specialty Societies (CMSS) Codefor Interactions with Companies was adopted by the CMSS in April 2010. The Code guides specialty societies in theprofession of medicine in ethical relationships between societies and the pharmaceutical and medical device

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industries. The Code serves to protect and promote the independence of specialty societies and their leaders incorporate sponsorships, licensing, advertising, society meetings, exhibits, educational programs, journals, clinicalpractice guidelines, and research.


Document 12 Bartley, George B How medical school oaths and professional codes of ethics affect physicians' practice. Archives of ophthalmology 2011 Sep; 129(9): 12212


Document 13 Poelsma, Corrian Clarification on use of the term 'Dr' from the New Zealand Chiropractors' Association. The New Zealand medical journal 2011 August 26; 124(1341): 75


Document 14 Gilbey, Andrew; Perezgonzalez, Jose Chiropractor code of ethics: the importance of setting a good example. The New Zealand medical journal 2011 August 12; 124(1340): 945


Document 15 Rozmaryn, Leo M Decency, honor, integrity, and the law. The Journal of hand surgery 2011 Aug; 36(8): 1397402 Abstract: In its guidelines for hand care professionals, the American Society for Surgery of the Hand has set thefollowing criteria as guidelines for the ethical hand surgeon in the 21st century: decency, honor, and integrity. Thisarticle reviews these criteria in detail, relates how they apply in practice, and describes how they interact with stateand federal law in both legislative and judicial aspects. Matters pertaining to informed consent, privacy issues,patient autonomy, shared decision making, and conflict of interest are described, and recent developments in thisarea are examined. Are hand surgeons ready for an enforceable system of ethics to be handed down by the ASSH orby the government?


Document 16 Neal, Cassidy J The TDA selfregulation processes. Texas dental journal 2011 Aug; 128(8): 7446


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Document 17 RCVS [Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons] seeks feedback on a draft code of conduct for VNs [VeterinaryNurses]. The Veterinary record 2011 Jul 30; 169(5): 111


Document 18 Jain, Rajeev; Maple, John T; Anderson, Michelle A; Appalaneni, Vasundhara; BenMenachem, Tamir; Decker, GAnton; Fanelli, Robert D; Fisher, Laurel; Fukami, Norio; Ikenberry, Steven O; Jue, Terry; Khan, Khalid; Krinsky,Mary Lee; Malpas, Phyllis; Sharaf, Ravi N; Dominitz, Jason A ASGE Standards of Practice Committee The role of endoscopy in enteral feeding. Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2011 Jul; 74(1): 712


Document 19 Moodie, Douglas Ethics in pediatric cardiology marketing. Congenital heart disease 2011 JulAug; 6(4): 285


Document 20 Rohan, Annie J; Monk, Catherine; Marder, Karen; Reame, Nancy Prenatal toxicology screening for substance abuse in research: codes and consequences. Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse2011 Jul; 32(3): 15964


Document 21 Sade, Robert M; American Association for Thoracic Surgery Ethics Committee; Society of Thoracic Surgeons Standards and EthicsCommittee Standards for relations of cardiothoracic surgical organizations with industry. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2011 Jul; 92(1): 38


Document 22 Bowen, Deborah J; Weil, Peter A Examining the code. ACHE's Code of Ethics highlights challenges faced by healthcare leaders. Healthcare executive 2011 JulAug; 26(4): 3942, 44

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Document 23 Sade, Robert M; American Association for Thoracic Surgery Ethics Committee; Society of Thoracic Surgeons Standards and EthicsCommittee Standards for relations of cardiothoracic surgical organizations with industry. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2011 Jul; 142(1): 127


Document 24 Blackmer, J Health care provider obligations in caring for patients with tuberculosis. The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union againstTuberculosis and Lung Disease 2011 Jun; 15 Suppl 2: S148 Abstract: It is well acknowledged that physicians and other health care providers have an obligation to provideclinical care to their patients even under occasionally difficult circumstances. However, the exact degree and extentof that obligation, and the various scenarios under which it might be lessened or even cease to exist, have recentlybecome the focus of much discussion and debate. The reason for this emerging debate is twofold: the recentoccurrence of pandemic viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and H1N1, and the emergence of highlyresistant strains of infectious pathogens such as multi and extensively drugresistant tuberculosis (TB). Health careproviders have been asked to place themselves at risk to an extent many did not foresee when they chose to entertheir profession, and many have done so under difficult conditions, often without adequate supplies and support. Thepresent article explores the ethical obligations as well as the reciprocal rights of health care providers who are caringfor patients with TB, with a particular focus on drugresistant strains of the bacterium. It is a condensed version of aWorld Health Organization (WHO) Working Paper prepared for the WHO Working Group on Ethics and Tuberculosis.


Document 25 Isaacs, David The Hippocratic Oath. Journal of paediatrics and child health 2011 Jun; 47(6): 321


Document 26 Ryan, Christopher James; Adams, John; Miller, Peter; Sale, Ian; Bloch, Sidney; Sullivan, Danny; Mendelson,George; Ng, Fred; Cutbush, Jimsie; Newlands, Carol Defusing the "timebomb": clarifying annotation 3.13. Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists 2011 Jun; 19(3): 269


Document 27 Benn, Peter; Borrell, Antoni; Crossley, Jenny; Cuckle, Howard; Dugoff, Lorraine; Gross, Susan; Johnson, JoAnn;Maymon, Ron; Odibo, Anthony; Schielen, Peter; Spencer, Kevin; Wright, Dave; Yaron, Yuval; International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis

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Aneuploidy screening: a position statement from a committee on behalf of the Board of the InternationalSociety for Prenatal Diagnosis, January 2011. Prenatal diagnosis 2011 Jun; 31(6): 51922


Document 28 Anderson, Teresa L The foundational documents of professional nursing. Nebraska nurse 2011 JunAug; 44(2): 910


Document 29 Guimaraes, Hercilia; SanchezLuna, Manuel; Bellieni, Carlo Valerio; Buonocore, Giuseppe; Union of European Neonatal and Perinatal Societies Ethical charter of Union of European Neonatal and Perinatal Societies. The journal of maternalfetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of PerinatalMedicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of PerinatalObstetricians 2011 Jun; 24(6): 8558 Abstract: The Union of European Neonatal and Perinatal Societies, worried for the lack of unanimous guidelines inthe ethical domain, propose a 10point charter about the ethical rights of the newborns. It is complementary to othercharters, such as the United Nations charter of children's rights, but it adds some specific and debated points, to finda common denominator, hopefully useful to the ongoing debate.


Document 30 Johnson, Kate Medical societies scramble to include disclosure on clinical guidelines. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne 2011 May 17; 183(8):E4434


Document 31 Collier, Roger Physician codes of conduct becoming a norm. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne 2011 May 17; 183(8):8923


Document 32 Committee on Ethics and Standards and the Board of Directors of the Arthroscopy Association of North America Suggested guidelines for the practice of arthroscopic surgery. Committee on Ethics and Standards and theBoard of Directors of the Arthroscopy Association of North America. Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of

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North America and the International Arthroscopy Association 2011 May; 27(5): A28


Document 33 Rifai, Nader; Plebani, Mario; Wu, Alan; Brugnara, Carlo; Delvin, Edgard; Lamb, Edmund J; Ness, Paul M; Wick,Mark R; Berg, Jens P Fulldisclosure in industrysponsored laboratory medicine research studies: statement by the Consortium ofLaboratory Medicine Journal Editors. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation 2011 May; 71(3): 1778


Document 34 Walsh, Edward P; Newburger, Jane W Marketing code of ethics for pediatric cardiology programs. Congenital heart disease 2011 May; 6(3): 20910


Document 35 Bal, Arun Revised Hippocratic Oath. The National medical journal of India 2011 MayJun; 24(3): 186


Document 36 Ikeda, Wakaha; Inaba, Yutaka; Takeshita, Tatsuya; Yoshida, Katsumi; Ogoshi, Kumiko; Okamoto, Kazushi Does the Japanese Society for Hygiene need its own Code of Conduct? A comparison of the responses ofcouncilors and junior members based on a questionnaire survey. Environmental health and preventive medicine 2011 May; 16(3): 17884 Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare current awareness of the "On a Code of Conduct for Scientists"(OCCS) among members of the Japanese Society for Hygiene (JSH).


Document 37 Soskolne, Colin L Re: Outram SM. Epidemiology and bioethics: a plea for reconnecting with the public. [Ethics in publichealth] Can J Public Health 2011;102(1):46. Canadian journal of public health. Revue canadienne de santé publique 2011 MayJun; 102(3): 236; author reply 236


Document 38


Sokol, Daniel K The lawyer's brief on ethics. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2011 April 27; 342: d1815


Document 39 Disciplinary procedures introduced for RVNs. The Veterinary record 2011 Apr 9; 168(14): 368


Document 40 RCVS seeks views on draft new code of professional conduct. The Veterinary record 2011 Apr 2; 168(13): 337


Document 41 Dehmer, Gregory J A Code of Conduct is published for live case demonstrations. European heart journal 2011 Apr; 32(7): 7778 Abstract: Dr Greg Dehmer discusses the history and development of this new document, in this area of medicalteaching.


Document 42 Nishibori, Masahiro [Ethical issues]. Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology 2011 Apr; 59(4): 38399 Abstract: Key concepts which should be recognized to understand today's medical ethics required for informationmanagement regarding clinical research are privacy protection, use limitation, individual participation, andaccountability. Special attention should be paid to concepts other than privacy protection, because they are fairlynew to medical professionals. Furthermore, in laboratory medicine, we have real problems, for example, how toprotect privacy concerning specimens gathered from patients. Therefore, there have been many kinds of rules orguidelines established recently. Although we tend to strictly follow these guidelines, it is not always clear whichguidelines should be applied to certain cases, or they do not always exactly correspond to a specific case. The fullunderstanding of the principles of medical ethics represented by these guidelines is essential. In this paper, a clinicalresearch document reviewed by an ethical review board is shown as an example.


Document 43 Joint Position Statement of the National Association of EMS Physicians; American College of EmergencyPhysicians; Air Medical Physician Association; Association of Air Medical Services; National Association of StateEMS Officials Air ambulance medical transport advertising and marketing.


Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the NationalAssociation of State EMS Directors 2011 AprJun; 15(2): 294 Abstract: The National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP), the American College of Emergency Physicians(ACEP), the Air Medical Physician Association (AMPA), the Association of Air Medical Services (AAMS), and theNational Association of State EMS Officials (NASEMSO) believe that patient care and outcomes are optimized byusing air medical transport services that are licensed air ambulance providers with robust physician medical directoroversight and ongoing quality assessment and review. Only air ambulance medical transport services with thesecredentials should advertise/market themselves as air ambulance services.


Document 44 Crawford, Mark Everyday ethics. AHIMA code of ethics guides daily work, complex situations. Journal of AHIMA / American Health Information Management Association 2011 Apr; 82(4): 303


Document 45 Herrell, Howard Ernest The role of spirituality in Hippocratic medicine. Southern medical journal 2011 Apr; 104(4): 28991


Document 46 National Student Nurses' Association, Inc. Code of Ethics: part II code of academic and clinical conduct andinterpretive statements. Imprint 2011 AprMay; 58(3): 427


Document 47 Stacey, Rulon Foundation reformed. ACHE ethics code provides basis for meeting the challenge of transparency. Modern healthcare 2011 Mar 21; 41(12): 22


Document 48 Revising the guide to professional conduct. The Veterinary record 2011 Mar 19; 168(11): 2914


Document 49


Antiel, Ryan M; Curlin, Farr A; Hook, C Christopher; Tilburt, Jon C The impact of medical school oaths and other professional codes of ethics: results of a national physiciansurvey. Archives of internal medicine 2011 Mar 14; 171(5): 46971


Document 50 Bera, Kaustav; Biswas, Tamoghna Revised hippocratic oatha step forward in the right direction. The National medical journal of India 2011 MarApr; 24(2): 1212


Document 51 Richardson, Ruth A new hippocratic oath. The National medical journal of India 2011 MarApr; 24(2): 121


Document 52 Singh, Major Jai Inder On the revised Hippocratic Oath. The National medical journal of India 2011 MarApr; 24(2): 121


Document 53 Johnstone, MeganJane Ethics, cancer, and truth telling. Australian nursing journal (July 1993) 2011 Mar; 18(8): 21


Document 54 Nursing's Social Policy Statement: what is it anyway? The Prairie rose 2011 FebApr; 80(1): 11


Document 55 Piskunowicz, M; Kosiak, W; Irga, N Primum non nocere? Why can't we use second generation ultrasound contrast agents for the examination ofchildren? Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980) 2011 Feb; 32(1): 836



Document 56 Rifai, Nader; Plebani, Mario; Wu, Alan; Brugnara, Carlo; Delvin, Edgard; Lamb, Edmund J; Ness, Paul M; Wick,Mark R; Berg, Jens P Full disclosure in industrysponsored laboratory medicine research studies: statement by the Consortium ofLaboratory Medicine Journal Editors. Annals of clinical biochemistry 2011 Jan; 48(Pt 1): 56


Document 57 Sachs, Benjamin Going from principles to rules in research ethics. Bioethics 2011 Jan; 25(1): 920 Abstract: In research ethics there is a canon regarding what ethical rules ought to be followed by investigators visàvis their treatment of subjects and a canon regarding what fundamental ethical principles apply to the endeavor.What I aim to demonstrate here is that several of the rules find no support in the principles. This leaves anyone whowould insist that we not abandon those rules in the difficult position of needing to establish that we are neverthelessjustified in believing in the validity of the rules. I conclude by arguing that this is not likely to be accomplished. Therules I call into question are the rules requiring: that studies be designed in a scientifically valid way that risks tosubjects be minimized that subjects be afforded posttrial access to experimental interventions that inducementspaid to subjects not be counted as a benefit to them that inducements paid to subjects not be 'undue' thatsubjects must remain free to withdraw from the study at any time for any reason without penalty. Both canons, thecanon on principles and the canon on rules, are found in the overlap among ethical pronouncements that arethemselves canonical: the Nuremberg Code, the Declaration of Helsinki, the Belmont Report, CIOMS's InternationalEthical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects, and NBAC's 2001 report, Ethical Issues inInternational Research: Clinical Trials in Developing Countries.


Document 58 Chauhan, Pyara S Re: Honor code: H. E. Rushton and H. G. Rushton, Jr. J Urol 2010; 183: 12761277. The Journal of urology 2011 Jan; 185(1): 364


Document 59 Kramer, Daniel B; Ottenberg, Abigale L; Mueller, Paul S Management of cardiac electrical implantable devices in patients nearing the end of life or requestingwithdrawal of therapy: review of the Heart Rhythm Society 2010 consensus statement. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewn?trznej 2010 Dec; 120(12): 497502 Abstract: Cardiac implantable electrical devices (CIEDs) are increasingly common interventions for a wide spectrumof cardiovascular diseases. Caring for patients with lifesustaining devices such as CIEDs at the end of life raiseslegal and ethical challenges. In 2010, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) published an expert consensus statement toreview the principles and practice of CIED deactivation. This statement addressed a wide range of ethical and legalprinciples while providing guidance for communication, decisionmaking, and procedures in a variety of settings. Inthis article, we provide a summary of the HRS guidelines and highlight the most important features of CIEDdeactivation for the practicing clinician.



Document 60 Antoniou, Stavros A; Antoniou, George A; Granderath, Frank A; Mavroforou, Anna; Giannoukas, Athanasios D;Antoniou, Athanasios I Reflections of the Hippocratic Oath in modern medicine. World journal of surgery 2010 Dec; 34(12): 30759 Abstract: Hippocratic Oath indicates a prevailing ethos rather than a professional approach, and it is still regarded asthe cornerstone and foundation of the medical profession. Medicine in Ancient Greece was strongly influenced by thevalues of classical philosophy as introduced by its main representatives: Plato and Aristotle. Hippocrates himselfhas been recognized not only as a pioneering physician, but also as an outstanding philosopher. In his writings, heclaimed that "the physician must insert wisdom in medicine" and denounced the technocratic aspect of the medicalprofession. The Hippocratic Oath constitutes a synopsis of the moral code of Ancient Greek medicine andcontributes to the stabilization of the tripart relationship among the physician, the patient, and the illness, asdescribed by Hippocrates. The harmony of this interactive triangle has been deranged by several factors, such astechnological evolution, public media, and costeffective modalities with multiple consequences. In these terms, thereevaluation of the Hippocratic Oath and its timeenduring messages seems essential to reinstate the relationshipbetween the physician and the patient under a new philosophicomedical prism.


Document 61 Chau, Janita PC; Lam, LaiWah; Lui, May HL; Ip, WanYim; Chien, WaiTong; Lee, Iris FK; Thompson, David R A survey of registered nurses' perceptions of the code of professional conduct in Hong Kong. Journal of clinical nursing 2010 Dec; 19(2324): 352734 Abstract: To examine the perceptions of the code of professional conduct among practising registered nurses inHong Kong.


Document 62 Veatch, Robert M; Macpherson, Cheryl C Medical school oathtaking: the moral controversy. The Journal of clinical ethics 2010 Winter; 21(4): 33545 Abstract: Professions typically formulate codes of ethics. Medical students are exposed to various codes and oftenare expected to recite some code or oath at their graduation. This article reports the findings of a study of one largemedical class, asked upon entry to medical school and again at the beginning of their fourth term, which of 13specified professional, religious, and secular codes of ethics they would turn to for moral guidance in their practice ofmedicine. The study finds great diversity in the students' choices and no clear pattern of change by their fourth term.Very few students chose the oath they would be asked to recite at their graduation. The article probes the problemsthis creates for school administrators and professors as well as students. It asks the implications for professionaloathtaking at graduation and in the practice of the profession.


Document 63 Pai, Sanjay A; Pandya, Sunil K A revised Hippocratic Oath for Indian medical students. The National medical journal of India 2010 NovDec; 23(6): 3601



Document 64 Riley, Patrick G.D. The import of an oath [editorial] The Linacre Quarterly 2010 November; 77(4): 389398


Document 65 Joyce, Nicholas R.; Rankin, Thomas J. The lessons of the development of the first APA ethics code: blending science, practice, and politics Ethics & Behavior 2010 NovemberDecember; 20(6): 466481


Document 66 Gill, John S; Goldberg, Aviva; Prasad, G V Ramesh; Fortin, MarieChantal; Hansen, TomBlydt; Levin, Adeera; Gill,Jagbir; Tonelli, Marcello; Tibbles, Lee Anne; Knoll, Greg; Cole, Edward H; Caulfield, Timothy Policy statement of Canadian Society of Transplantation and Canadian Society of Nephrology on organtrafficking and transplant tourism. Transplantation 2010 Oct 27; 90(8): 81720


Document 67 Billi, John E; Shuster, Michael; Bossaert, Leo; de Caen, Allan R; Deakin, Charles D; Eigel, Brian; Hazinski, MaryFran; Hickey, Robert W; Jacobs, Ian; Kleinman, Monica E; Koster, Rudolph W; Mancini, Mary E; Montgomery,William H; Morley, Peter T; Morrison, Laurie J; Munoz, Henrietta; Nadkarni, Vinay M; Nolan, Jerry P; O'Connor,Robert E; Perlman, Jeffrey M; Richmond, Sam; Sayre, Michael R; Soar, Jasmeet; Wyllie, Jonathan; Zideman,David; International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation; American Heart Association Part 4: conflict of interest management before, during, and after the 2010 International ConsensusConference on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With TreatmentRecommendations. Circulation 2010 Oct 19; 122(16 Suppl 2): S2917


Document 68 Dehmer, Gregory J; Douglas, John S Jr.; Abizaid, Alexander; Berg, Jessica W; Day, John; Hall, Roger; Leon, MartinB; Hijazi, Ziyad M; Marchlinski, Francis; Park, SeungJung; Popma, Jeffrey J; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions; American College of Cardiology Foundation; HeartRhythm Society; European Society of Cardiology; Sociedad Latinoamericana de Cardiología Intervencionista; AsianPacific Society of Interventional Cardiology; Mended Hearts, Inc SCAI/ACCF/HRS/ESC/SOLACI/APSIC statement on the use of live case demonstrations at cardiologymeetings: assessments of the past and standards for the future.


Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2010 Oct 5; 56(15): 126782


Document 69 Foà, V [The ICOH International Code of Ethics for Occupational Health Professionals]. = Il codice etico dell'LCOHper gli operatori di Medicina del Lavoro. Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro ed ergonomia 2010 OctDec; 32(4 Suppl): 6870 Abstract: In the paper all the steps are described which are followed by ICOH to finalize the International Code ofEthics for Occupational Health Professionals (OHP). The Code is composed by a "Preface" in which is explainedwhy the Occupational Health Professionals need a specific Code different from other Codes built up for generalpractitioners or other specializations, followed by an "Introduction" where the targets of Occupational Health areunderlined and which professionals contribute to achieve the defined target. These two parts are followed by a moresubstantial description of the tasks and duties of the OHP. In the last part of the Code it is illustrated how to carryout the above mentioned duties. The principles inserted in the ICOH Code of Ethics have been worldwide acceptedby the OHP and particularly in Italy where they have been included in the Legislative Decree 81/08.


Document 70 Chambers, David W Hippocratic oath. Journal of the California Dental Association 2010 Oct; 38(10): 713, 715


Document 71 Larriviere, Dan For the good of our patients: the new ethical guidelines of the AANEM. Muscle & nerve 2010 Oct; 42(4): 465


Document 72 Leonard, James A Jr.; Abel, Naomi; Cochrane, Thomas; Denys, Eric; Goldman, Ed; Musick, David W; Simpson,David; Swisher, Karen; American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM) Guidelines for ethical behavior relating to clinical practice issues in neuromuscular and electrodiagnosticmedicine. Muscle & nerve 2010 Oct; 42(4): 4806


Document 73 Hoeper, M M; Andreas, S; Bastian, A; Claussen, M; Ghofrani, H A; Gorenflo, M; Grohé, C; Günther, A; Halank, M;Hammerl, P; Held, M; Krüger, S; Lange, T J; Reichenberger, F; Sablotzki, A; Staehler, G; Stark, W; Wirtz, H; Witt,C; Behr, J;


German Society of Cardiology (DGK), the German Society of Respiratory Medicine (DGP) and the German Societyof Pediatric Cardiology (DGPK) [Pulmonary hypertension due to chronic lung disease. Recommendations of the Cologne ConsensusConference 2010]. = Pulmonale Hypertonie bei chronischen Lungenerkrankungen: Empfehlungen der KölnerKonsensusKonferenz 2010. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) 2010 Oct; 135 Suppl 3: S11524 Abstract: The 2009 European Guidelines on Pulmonary Hypertension did not cover only pulmonary arterialhypertension (PAH) but also some aspects of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in chronic lung disease. The EuropeanGuidelines point out that the drugs currently used to treat patients with PAH (prostanoids, endothelin receptorantagonists and phosphodiesterase5 inhibitors) have not been sufficiently investigated in other forms of PH.Therefore, the European Guidelines do not recommend the use of these drugs in patients with chronic lung diseaseand PH. This recommendation, however, is not always in agreement with medical ethics as physicians feelsometimes inclined to treat other form of pulmonary hypertension which may affect quality of life and survival ofthese patients in a similar manner. In June 2010, a group of German experts met in Cologne, Germany, to discussopen and controversial issues surrounding the practical implementation of the European Guidelines. The conferencewas sponsored by the German Society of Cardiology, the German Society of Respiratory Medicine and the GermanSociety of Pediatric Cardiology. One of the working groups was dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of PH inpatients with chronic lung disease. The recommendations of this working group are summarized in the present paper.


Document 74 Bieri, Diane PhRMA's Code on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals. The American journal of bioethics : AJOB 2010 Oct; 10(10): 18


Document 75 Giordano, Simona A new professional code in sports medicine. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2010 September 21; 341: c4931


Document 76 Sapir, J D Gil Commentary on: Bohan TL. President's editorialStrengthening forensic science: a way station on thejourney to justice. Journal of forensic sciences 2010 Sep; 55(5): 1397


Document 77 Diokno, Ananias C Editorial comment: Hippocratic Oath and plagiarism. International urology and nephrology 2010 Sep; 42(3): 709



Document 78 Sergeant, Joseph A; Banaschewski, Tobias; Buitelaar, Jan; Buitelar, Jan; Coghill, David; Danckaerts, Marina;Döpfner, Manfred; Rothenberger, A; Santosh, Paramala; SonugaBarke, E J S; Steinhausen, HansChristoph; Taylor,Eric; Zuddas, A Eunethydis: a statement of the ethical principles governing the relationship between the European group forADHD guidelines, and its members, with commercial forprofit organisations. European child & adolescent psychiatry 2010 Sep; 19(9): 7379 Abstract: The Eunethydis ADHD Guidelines group set out here the ethical principles governing the relationshipbetween the group and industry. The principles set out here are provided to ensure that this is both done and seen tobe done. The impetus for these guidelines comes from within the Group and is linked to the recognition for the needfor an open and transparent basis for Groupindustry relations, especially in the light of the present concern that thepharmaceutical industry may be exerting a growing influence on the actions of researchers and clinicians in theADHD field.


Document 79 Dobric , Silva Crne mrlje na belom mantilu = [Black spots on a white coat].[editorial] Vojnosanitetski pregled. Militarymedical and pharmaceutical review 2010 Sep; 67(9): 7034


Document 80 Rosenberg, Barbara H Exitus acta probat? The Hastings Center report 2010 SepOct; 40(5): 4; author reply 5


Document 81 Furmanski, Martin Exitus acta probat? The Hastings Center report 2010 SepOct; 40(5): 45; author reply 5


Document 82 Lin, YuHua; Wang, Liching Sung A Chinese version of the revised Nurses Professional Values Scale: reliability and validity assessment. Nurse education today 2010 Aug; 30(6): 4928 Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of a Chinese version of the revisednurses professional values scale (NPVSR). The convenient sampling method, including senior undergraduatenursing students (n=110) and clinical nurses (n=223), was applied to recruit appropriate samples from southernTaiwan. The revised nurses professional values scale (NPVSR) was used in this study. Content validity, constructvalidity, internal consistency, and reliability were assessed. The final sample consisted of 286 subjects. Findings:three factors were detected in the results, accounting for 60.12% of the explained variance. The first factor was titledprofessionalism, and included 13 items. The second factor was named caring, and consisted of seven items.Activism was the third factor, which included six items. Overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.90, taken from


values for each of the three factors of 0.88, 0.90, and 0.81, respectively. The Chinese version of the NPVSR can beconsidered a reliable and valid scale for assigning values that can mark professionalism in Taiwanese nurses.


Document 83 Ngwena, Charles G Protocol to the African Charter on the Rights of Women: implications for access to abortion at the regionallevel. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecologyand Obstetrics 2010 Aug; 110(2): 1636 Abstract: Article 14(2)(c) of the Protocol to the African Charter on the Rights of Women enjoins States Parties totake appropriate measures "to protect the reproductive rights of women by authorising medical abortion in cases ofsexual assault, rape, incest, and where continued pregnancy endangers the mental and physical health of the motheror the life of the mother or the foetus." This paper considers the implications of Article 14 for access to safe, legalabortion. It is submitted that Article 14 has the potential to impact positively on regional abortion law, policy, andpractice in 3 main areas. First, it takes forward the global consensus on combating abortion as a major public healthdanger. Second, it provides African countries with not just an incentive, but also an imperative for reforming abortionlaws in a transparent manner. Third, if implemented in the context of a treaty that centers on the equality and nondiscrimination of women, Article 14 has the potential to contribute toward transforming access to abortion from acrime and punishment model to a reproductive health model.


Document 84 Anderson, Lynley C; Pickering, Neil J The student code: ethical and professional expectations of medical students at the University of Otago. The New Zealand medical journal 2010 July 16; 123(1318): 439 Abstract: Medical students at the University of Otago are now required to sign a 'student code' on beginning medicalschool. This new requirement has been put in place in response to changes to the medical curriculum that haveresulted in earlier and increased contact with patients, healthcare staff and the general public, and in order torecognise and formalise the students' own learning needs. While a student code can most obviously be useful fordisciplinary and assessment purposes, the authors make a claim for the code to be used as educational tool toassist students to internalise their obligations to others. The student code, while having common values espoused inother extant codes, is framed with the student experience in mind. The authors discuss the process of development,implementation and proposed review.


Document 85 Consensus statement on the adoption of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines. Journal of surgical education 2010 JulAug; 67(4): 274


Document 86 Heim, Lori Identifying and addressing potential conflict of interest: a professional medical organization's code of ethics.Annals of family medicine 2010 JulAug; 8(4): 35961 Abstract: The new Consumer Alliance agreement between the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) andThe CocaCola Company provides a valuable opportunity to illustrate AAFP's adherence to its ethical foundation,


demonstrate the AAFP's commitment to serving physicians and the public, and maintain the trust Americans put intheir family physicians and the organization that represents them. Throughout the development of this program, aswell as in all business interactions, the AAFP consistently addresses possible conflict of interest openly anddirectly, sharing with our members and the public exactly what measures we take to ensure that, in fact, no unethicalconduct or breach of trust wouldor will in the futureoccur. In this case, the AAFP saw a public health andeducation need that was both unmet and undermined by the barrage of marketing messages and confusinginformation, and acted to fill that need. In so doing, the AAFP hewed to its high ethical standards, its core values,and its mission in the decisions made and the actions that followed.


Document 87 Thomas, Renee Ahrens; Voytilla, Randall; Knutson, Alison R APhA2010 House of Delegates: paving the way for the profession's best practices. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA 2010 JulAug; 50(4): 4508


Document 88 McMurray, Janet; Zérah, Simone; Hallworth, Michael; SchuffWerner, Peter; Haushofer, Alexander; Szekeres,Thomas; Wallemacq, Pierre; Tzatchev, Kamen; Charilaou, Charis; Racek, Jaroslav; Johnsen, Anders; Tomberg,Karel; Harmoinen, Aimo; Baum, Hannsjörg; Rizos, Demetrios; Kappelmayer, Janos; O'Mullane, John; Nubile,Giuseppe; Pupure, Silvija; Kucinskiene, Zita; Opp, Matthias; Jansen, Rob; Solnica, Bogdan; Reguengo, Henrique;Grigore, Camelia; Spanár, Július; Strakl, Greta; Queralto, Josep; Wallinder, Hans; Wieringa, Gijsbert The European Register of Specialists in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine: guide to the Register,version 32010. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine : CCLM / FESCC 2010 Jul; 48(7): 9991008 Abstract: In 1997, the European Communities Confederation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EC4)set up a Register for European Specialists in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. The operation of theRegister is undertaken by a Register Commission (EC4RC). During the last 12 years, more than 2200 specialists inClinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine have joined the Register. In 2007, EC4 merged with the Forum ofEuropean Societies of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (FESCC) to form the European Federation ofClinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFCC). Two previous Guides to the Register have been published, onein 1997 and another in 2003. The third version of the Guide is presented in this article and is based on theexperience gained and development of the profession since the last revision. Registration is valid for 5 years and theprocedure and criteria for reregistration are presented as an Appendix at the end of the article.


Document 89 General statement of ethical principles and guidelines. Journal of American college health : J of ACH 2010 JulAug; 59(1): 614 Abstract: ACHA recognizes that these guidelines are a work in progress and will change as law and professionalstandards in the field of college health evolve. At this time, ACHA expects that all members actively uphold theprinciples and guidelines detailed in this document, as guides for conduct in professional activities and situationswhen breaches in these practices are evident.


Document 90 Consensus Statement on the Adoption of the COPE Guidelines.


Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract 2010 Jul; 14(7):10678


Document 91 2010 Amendments to the 2002 "Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct". The American psychologist 2010 JulAug; 65(5): 493 Abstract: The following amendments to the 2002 "Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct" (theEthics Code; American Psychological Association, 2002) were adopted by the APA Council of Representatives at itsFebruary 2010 meeting. The changes involve the last two sentences of the final paragraph of the Introduction andApplicability section and Ethical Standards 1.02 and 1.03. The amendments became effective June 1, 2010. Ahistory of these amendments to the Ethics Code is provided in the "Report of the Ethics Committee, 2009" in thisissue of the American Psychologist (American Psychological Association, Ethics Committee, 2010). Following are aclean version of the revisions and a version indicating changes from the 2002 language (inserted text is underlined;deleted text is crossed out).


Document 92 Parker, Malcolm H Normative lessons: codes of conduct, selfregulation and the law. The Medical journal of Australia 2010 Jun 7; 192(11): 65860 Abstract: Good medical practice: a code of conduct for doctors in Australia provides uniform standards to be appliedin relation to complaints about doctors to the new Medical Board of Australia. The draft Code was criticised for beingprescriptive. The final Code employs apparently less authoritative wording than the draft Code, but the implicitobligations it contains are no less prescriptive. Although the draft Code was thought to potentially undermine trust indoctors, and stifle professional judgement in relation to individual patients, its general obligations always allowed forflexibility of application, depending on the circumstances of individual patients. Professional codes may containsome aspirational statements, but they always contain authoritative ones, and they share this feature with legalcodes. In successfully diluting the apparent prescriptivity of the draft Code, the profession has lost an opportunity todemonstrate its commitment to the raison d'etre of selfregulation the protection of patients. Professional codes arenot opportunities for reflection, consideration and debate, but are outcomes of these activities.


Document 93 Cash, Brooks D; Banerjee, Subhas; Anderson, Michelle A; BenMenachem, Tamir; Decker, G Anton; Fanelli, RobertD; Fukami, Norio; Ikenberry, Steven O; Jain, Rajeev; Jue, Terry L; Khad, Khalid M; Krinsky, Mary L; Malpas, PhyllisM; Maple, John T; Sharaf, Ravi; Dominitz, Jason A Ethnic issues in endoscopy. Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2010 Jun; 71(7): 110812 Abstract: This is one of a series of statements discussing the use of GI endoscopy in common clinical situations.The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) prepared thistext. In preparing this guideline, a search of the medical literature was performed by using PubMed. Additionalreferences were obtained from the bibliographies of the identified articles and from recommendations of expertconsultants. When few or no data exist from welldesigned prospective trials, emphasis is placed on results fromlarge series and reports from recognized experts. Guidelines for appropriate use of endoscopy are based on a criticalreview of the available data and expert consensus at the time the guidelines are drafted. Further controlled clinicalstudies may be needed to clarify aspects of this guideline. This guideline may be revised as necessary to accountfor changes in technology, new data, or other aspects of clinical practice. The recommendations are based onreviewed studies and are graded on the quality of the supporting evidence (Table 1). The strength of individualrecommendations is based on both the aggregate evidence quality and an assessment of the anticipated benefits

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and harms. Weaker recommendations are indicated by phrases such as "we suggest," whereas strongerrecommendations are typically stated as "we recommend." This guideline is intended to be an educational device toprovide information that may assist endoscopists in providing care to patients. This guideline is not a rule and shouldnot be construed as establishing a legal standard of care or as encouraging, advocating, requiring, or discouragingany particular treatment. Clinical decisions in any particular case involve a complex analysis of the patient'scondition and available courses of action. Therefore, clinical considerations may lead an endoscopist to take acourse of action that varies from this guideline.


Document 94 Rodríguez, Guzmán Julietta; Kogi, Kasukata; Colosio, Claudio; Patil, Ashok Vikhe; International Congress of Agricultural Medicine and Rural Health Cartagena declaration on rural health in Latin America. La Medicina del lavoro 2010 MayJun; 101(3): 2356


Document 95 Gauthier, Janel; Pettifor, Jean; Ferrero, Andrea The Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists: a culturesensitive model for creating andreviewing a code of ethics Ethics and Behavior 2010 MayAugust; 20(34): 179196


Document 96 Kainer, Gad; Fetherstonhaugh, Deirdre; CARI The CARI guidelines. Ethical considerations. Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) 2010 Apr; 15 Suppl 1: S124


Document 97 Littleton, Vanessa; Meemon, Natthani; Breen, GeraldMark; Seblega, Binyam; Paek, Seung Chun; Loyal, Michael;Ellis, Nancy; Wan, Thomas T.H. An ethical analysis of professional codes in health and medical care Ethics & Medicine 2010 Spring; 26(1): 2548


Document 98 Vashishtha, Vipin M MCI [Medical Council of India]'s new code of ethics for medical professionals: an exercise in vain or awelcome move. Indian pediatrics 2010 Apr 7; 47(4): 32930

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Document 99 Ponte, Carène [The Code of religion for nurses before the State Council] = Le Code de déontologie des infirmiers devant leconseil d'Etat. Soins; la revue de référence infirmière 2010 Apr ; (744): 12


Document 100 Pfister, Eliane; BillerAdorno, Nikola The reception and implementation of ethical guidelines of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences inmedical and nursing practice. Swiss medical weekly : official journal of the Swiss Society of Infectious Diseases, the Swiss Society of InternalMedicine, the Swiss Society of Pneumology 2010 Mar 20; 140(1112): 1607 Abstract: QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: We conducted a survey among Swiss health care professionals on thereception and implementation of a number of selected ethical guidelines of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences(SAMS). The following guidelines were chosen for evaluation: "Care of patients in the end of life", "Palliative care","Borderline questions in intensivecare medicine" and "The determination of death in the context of organtransplantation". METHODS: Anonymous questionnaires were sent to 1933 physicians (general practitioners andinternists) and nurses, randomly chosen from address lists of the relevant professional associations. We conducteda statistical analysis using SPSS 16.0. RESULTS: The response rate was 43.1%. 16.3% of the respondingphysicians had never heard of the guidelines "Care of patients in the end of life", 30.5% had already heard of them,34.1% knew some of their contents and 19.1% were familiar with the complete content of the guidelines. 60.5% ofthose physicians and 56.0% of those nurses who had at least heard of these guidelines utilised them in clinicalpractice. The guidelines "Palliative care" and "Borderline questions in intensivecare medicine" yielded similarresults. By contrast, only 0.5% of responding physicians reported never having heard of the guidelines "Thedetermination of death in the context of organ transplantation", 2.9% had already heard of them, 24.4% knew someof their contents and the vast majority of respondents (72.2%) considered themselves to be completely familiar withthe guidelines. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the evaluated guidelines is fairly widespread among Swiss GPs,internists and nurses. The guidelines are utilised in clinical practice by the majority of those care providers who areaware of their existence. The guidelines "The determination of death in the context of organ transplantation", as alegally binding document, are even better known and routinely implemented in medical practice.


Document 101 Nagral, Janjay; Roy, Nobhojit The Medical Council of India guidelines on industryphysician relationship: breaking the conspiracy ofsilence. The National medical journal of India 2010 MarApr; 23(2): 6971


Document 102 Rid, Annette; Schmidt, Harald The 2008 Declaration of Helsinki first among equals in research ethics? The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics 2010 Spring;38(1): 1438 Abstract: The World Medical Association's (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki is one of the most important and influential

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international research ethics documents. Its most recent 2008 version declares unprecedented universal primacyover all existing national or international ethical, legal, or regulatory requirements. This selfproclaimed status as aset of minimal ethical standards raises important questions about the Declaration's appropriate normative status. Thepresent paper argues that the new claim of ethical primacy is problematic and makes the Declaration unnecessarilyvulnerable to criticism. Future revisions of the Declaration should therefore remove this claim and strengthen thedocument, first, by clarifying its normative status as a set of strong default recommendations, to be followed unlessthere is compelling ethical reason to do otherwise; and second, by improving the substance of the Declarationthrough further precision, specification, and argument.


Document 103 MikosSchild, Sophia American Nurses Association's code of ethics: an application. Journal for nurses in staff development : JNSD : official journal of the National Nursing Staff DevelopmentOrganization 2010 MarApr; 26(2): 857


Document 104 Touchstone, Michael Professional development. Part 3: How to adhere to a code of ethics in EMS. EMS Magazine 2010 March; 39(3): 7576


Document 105 Numminen, Olivia H; LeinoKilpi, Helena; van der Arend, Arie; Katajisto, Jouko Nurse educators' teaching of codes of ethics. Nurse education today 2010 Feb; 30(2): 12431 Abstract: Although codes of ethics are thought to be an important element of nursing ethics curriculum researchfocusing on nurses' codes is scarce and negligible in the area of education. This study explores Finnish nurseeducators' teaching of codes of ethics. A total of 183 nurse educators from polytechnics providing basic nursingeducation in Finland answered a structured questionnaire with one openended question. The data was analysedstatistically by SPSS and by content analysis. The responding educators' teaching of the codes was ratherextensive. The focus of teaching was on the nursepatient relationship. Nursing in a wider social context was lessemphasized. Integrated teaching was the prevalent teaching format. Educators' use of teaching and evaluationmethods was fairly narrow aiming at a studentcentred approach. Educators' knowledge of the codes was mainlybased on informal learning. The majority assessed their knowledge as adequate for teaching the codes. Educatorswho were motivated to build their knowledge voluntarily also taught the codes more. Educators assessed nursingstudents' knowledge and ability to apply the codes as mediocre. Organization of integrated teaching, objectiveassessment of nurse educators' competence to teach the codes, and evaluation of student outcomes need furtherexploring.


Document 106 Ohry, Avi Hippocrates revisited. The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ 2010 Jan ; 12(1): 66



Document 107 Bhatt, A A new challenge for Indian physicians and healthcare industry: decoding the MCI code of professionalconduct. Journal of postgraduate medicine 2010 JanMar; 56(1): 12


Document 108 Grupo de investigación en ética y nutrición Blanquerna Salud [Blanquera Health Research Group in Ethics andNutrition] Propuesta de código ética del nutricionistadietista [Proposal of an ethical code for nutrition and dietetics] Bioètica and Debat 2010 JanuaryApril; 16(59): 58


* Document 109 Pattison, Stephen; Wainwright, Paul Is the 2008 NMC Code ethical? Nursing Ethics 2010 January;17(1): 918 Abstract: In 2008 the United Kingdom Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) published the latest version of its codeof conduct (The code: standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives). The new versionmarked a significant change of style in the Code compared with previous versions. There has been considerablecontroversy and the accrual of an extensive body of literature over the years in the UK and Europe criticizing nursingcodes of ethics and questioning their ethical standing and their usefulness. In this article we review the current NMCCode. We argue that the NMC has been misguided in labelling the Code as a code of ethics, and suggest that thenew document falls short in many respects.


* Document 110 Storch, Janet L. Comment on: Pattison and Wainwright: ‘Is the 2008 NMC code ethical?' Nursing Ethics 2010 January;17(1): 1921


* Document 111 Rosenkoetter, Marlene M.; Milstead, Jeri A. A code of ethics for nurse educators: revised. Nursing Ethics 2010 January;17(1): 137139 Abstract: Nurse educators have the responsibility of assisting students and their colleagues with understanding andpracticing ethical conduct. There is an inherent responsibility to keep codes current and relevant for existing nursingpractice. The code presented here is a revision of the Code of ethics for nurse educators originally published in 1983and includes changes that are intended to provide for that relevancy.

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