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Connecting Student Cell Phones to Classroom Instruction
Liz KolbUniversity of MichiganMadonna University
November 11th , [email protected]
http://cellphonesinlearning.com
Liz’s Business CardSend a new Text Message to:50500
In Message:Kolb
Using http://contxts.com
Preservice teachers, ages 19 & 20, were asked: “What Technology Tools and Resources would you like in your future classroom?”
What I learned in Education Technology in 1996
A Vision of 21st Century Students
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_A-ZVCjfWf8
8 years ago…We thought we succeeded with technology integration in schools.
K–12 schools, state and federal governments have spent around $6.9 billion on computer hardware, Internet access, wiring, software, servers, and other digital equipment to make today’s technology available to students and teachers
100% of Schools wired for Internet access by 2003
Kleiman, G.M. (2000). Myths and Realities about Technology in K-12 Schools. Leadership and the New Technologies. Retrieved April 7, 2004, from http://www2.edc.org/LNT/news/Issue14/featurecontents.htm
Findings: Access to educational software and hardware did not lead to widespread use in
classroom learning.
Cuban, L., Kirkpatrick, H., and Peck, C. (2001). High Access and Low Use of Technologies in High School Classrooms: Explaining an Apparent Paradox. American Educational Research Journal, 38(4), 813-834.
What is the Problem????
If there is so much access to technology in schools, why is it underused?
Solution: Keep spending…
End of 2008 Education Technology Spending will reach 47.7 billion dollars.
Fall 2008, the Federal Budget for one year of Education Technology will be $272 million Retrieved:
http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:74Vv3wHG9XMJ:www.nea.org/lac/fy08edfunding/images/fifty.pdf+272+million+Federal+Budget+AND+education+technology&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us&client=firefox-a
8 years later…
“Still a digital disconnect”
Between amount of technology in schools and
how it is used.
Technology available in schools is still
underused
Between students and adults
Between school technology and student’s
everyday technology use.
Speak Up 2007 Report. Retrieved: http://www.tomorrow.org/speakup/speakup_your_data.html
WHY??????
In 1986 & again in 2001, Larry Cuban Found:
“Technology traditionally infused from top-down”
Cuban, L. (1986). Teachers and machines: The classroom use of technology since 1920. New York: Teachers College Press.
A Solution…
Bottom-UpWhat is in
Your Backpack?
MyiPod
MyCell
MyGameboy
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Raise your hand if you have a cell phone?
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How many of you have used or seen cell phones for
learning in K-12?
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How many of you have used or seen the Internet for
learning in K-12?
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71% of U.S. household’s have Internet access
82% of U.S. Citizens own Cell phones.
Park Associates and CTIA wireless association, both 2007
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How many 17 year olds girls (11the graders) in the U.S.
have a cell phone?91%
Dickson, F. (2008). The U.S. Wireless Teen Market. Multimedia Intelligence.http://www.multimediaintelligence.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=118%3Awhitepaper-the-us-wireless-teen-market&catid=39%3Awhitepapers&Itemid=75
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How many 17 year olds boys (11the graders) in the U.S.
have a cell phone?78%
Dickson, F. (2008). The U.S. Wireless Teen Market. Multimedia Intelligence.http://www.multimediaintelligence.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=118%3Awhitepaper-the-us-wireless-teen-market&catid=39%3Awhitepapers&Itemid=75
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How many 13 year olds (7th graders) in the U.S. have a
cell phone?57%
Dickson, F. (2008). The U.S. Wireless Teen Market. Multimedia Intelligence.http://www.multimediaintelligence.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=118%3Awhitepaper-the-us-wireless-teen-market&catid=39%3Awhitepapers&Itemid=75
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What is the average age in the U.S. to receive a new
cell phone?11 (5th grade)
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/21/technology/21drill.html?_r=1&adxnnl=1&oref=login&adxnnlx=1222024375-hN4libkM2YaJNWdLV/Atqg
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“Kristi and Claudio Lai turned around for just one minute and their son had
disappeared at Sea World. After frantically searching the park, they found him 15
minutes later on a jungle gym. That was when the California, couple knew they
wanted to get their son a GPS-equipped cell phone.”
Their son is 3 years old.
http://www.cnn.com/2008/TECH/ptech/08/11/cellphones.kids/index.html
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Cell Phone companies are marketing the next generation of cell phones
primarily to 12 and under!
http://www.usatoday.com/tech/products/gear/2005-09-05-preteen-cell-phones_x.htm
Educational Software for Cell Phones
Educational Software for Cell PBS Ready to Learn Study
http://www.pbs.org/readytolearn/research/cellphones.html (Mobile Downloads for Preschoolers http://pbskids.org/mobile/ )
Mobile Math (http://math4mobile.com)
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By 2010 it is estimated …54% of 8 year olds
will have their own cell phone!
Amoroso, (2006). Tween Market has the potential to double by 2010. Yankee Group Retrieved from www.yankeegroup.com/researchdocument.dorid=14058
Over 90% of Secondary
Students will have cell phones
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Connecting Student Cell Phones to Classroom Instruction
Liz KolbUniversity of MichiganMadonna University
November 11th , [email protected]
http://cellphonesinlearning.com
Liz’s Business CardSend a new Text Message to:50500
In Message:Kolb
Using http://contxts.com
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Send a new text message To: 87884
In message: @loca8462 yourmessage
What is your biggest question or concern about using cell phones in online learning?
http://wiffiti.com/clouds/1685
CPSProject: Brainstorming
Why Cell Phones?
Accessibility
71% of U.S. population have Internet access at home
55% have broadband
84% of U.S. population own cell phones
Low Cost
End of 2012 education technology spending will reach 56.2 billion dollars.
How Students’ View Cell Phones
3 Generations of Cell Phone Users (NPR)
How Students View Learning
Free Agent Learners
Anywhere, anytime, any place at any pace
1-800-2chacha OR Text CHACHA
The 21st Century Professional World
Future jobs require mobile skill
% of U.S. Adults believe that schools are preparing students for 21st Century workforce?
Mobile Job Opportunities
Companies Go Mobile
Mobile Coupons
SMS & MMS
http://mobileposse.com
Mobile Advertising
Latest News on Mobile Marketing
SMS & QRcodes & Call Ins
http://mobilemarketer.com
Search for “cell phone skills” on Monster.com
Cell Phones Accepted Globally as Learning Tool
In Asia, India, & Africa a student can…
take entire courses via cell phone (including dance & art)
write and read novels via mobile devices.
use text messaging for homework, quizzes, and communicating with their instructors.
learn to become a teacher through mobile devices, using text messaging to support teacher training.
use cell phones as a tool for their exams.Motlik, S. (2008). Mobile Learning in Developing Nations. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 9(2), 1-7. Retrieved:
Why cell phones should NOT be integrated in learning.
http://wiffiti.com/clouds/1685
Cheating is a problem…
• 26% of teenagers admitted to using their cell phone to store information to look at during a test or a quiz.
• 25% have text messaged their friends about answers during a test or quiz.
• 20% have searched the Internet via their mobile phone during a test or quiz.
• 17% have taken pictures of a test or quiz with the cell phone in order to send the pictures to their friends.
Common Sense Media 09
Even MORE of a problem
Most students do not envision these activities as cheating.
More than half of the students surveyed did not think these acts were serious offenses of cheating, rather they think of it as just “helping out a friend.”
Common Sense Media 09
70% of U.S. schools completely ban cell phones from campus
63% of students admitted to sneaking in cell phones and using them during class anyway.
In a seven class a day, five day school week, the average student sends at least three text messages per class.
Common Sense Media 09
Life Consequences
A 14-year-old Wisconsin girl who refused to stop texting during a high school math class was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct.
Six teens face child porn (13 to 15) charges after being caught "sexting" each other. Criminal Charge!
http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/bestoftv/2009/01/15/pn.sexting.teens.cnn
Current Banning and Structures are NOT working
Students still “cheating”, “Off-task”, or “inappropriately” using cell phones in schools
Students still bring them to schools and use them when told not to.
Students still do not understand consequences of their use
Students have no idea how to use them in future job force!
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How do we change?
2007: Middle School Principal’s Journey
“Last year the school ran out of calculators needed for a math exam, So I let a student use the calculator function on his cell phone. The student was excitedto use a phone instead of a calculator. I found 19 of my 22 students had phones.”
-Kipp Rogers, Principal at Passages Middle School in Virginia
Student Statistics (850 6th-9th grade students)
•70-80% of students own a cell phone.
•100% of those students can send a text message
•90-95% can take and send a picture from their cell phone.
•80% have Bluetooth or GPS options on their cell phone.
•20-30% of the students with cell phones have access to mobile Internet.
Mary Passage Middle School Cell Phone Policy 1. Students will talk on their cell phone only to complete assignments that are related to the instructional lesson.2. Students will keep cell phones turned off or left in lockers when they are not being used for instructional purposes in class.3. Students will only send text- messages, pictures or video- messages to others outside of the classroom with permission and directions from the teacher.4. Students will not record still or moving images or voices of students or the teacher without permission from the teacher.5. Students will not post recordings of still or moving images or voice recordings of students or the teacher to online websites without their permission.6. Students will practice internet safety with online resources.7. Students will post only appropriate text, audio and visual media to on-line websites. I _____________________ understand that violation of our class acceptable cell phone use policy may result in my not being able to participate in additional class activities that involve using the cell phone. I also understand that I may receive disciplinary consequences for violating school board policies regarding cyber-bullying. I _______________________ have gone over the Cell Phones in Class Acceptable Use Policy with my child and agree to allow my child to participate.
Addressing: Safety & Access
Dr. Kipp Rogers Says…
"For the most part, the kids respect the rules. I never had any problems with kids using them inappropriately in my class. We spent a lot of time talking about their digital footprint and that what they do can be tracked."
He said he initially worried about "the haves and have nots," but students work in teams for most assignments requiring cell phones, so there is always at least one phone among the group.
First Project
How to use Google to find information with their phones. (GOOGLE (466453).
http://www.google.com/mobile/products/sms.html#p=default
Using key words, students can look up definitions, download weather, get directions, search for information about a location or object, translate a word or phrase into Spanish or French or receive the latest sports scores for their favorite teams.
iReporting
Students also use their phones to take photos and assemble reports and story projects on Blogger.com
Some classes have blogs developed by the students with uploaded text, photos and audio clips.
Most of the programs he and the other teachers use are free.
Reviewing
“Students sat in small groups in the classroom, staring intently at a projected image at the front of the class. A question popped onto the screen. I gave the students a six-digit number and said, ‘Go.’ Instantly thumbs began dancing over cell phone keypads. Within seconds, phones trilled the signal that a text message had been sent. At the same time, answers began dropping into view on the screen, one answer for each group of students, identified by a student's cell phone screen name.” – Tony Neeley, Science Teacher
In less than an hour, the students worked their way through more than 70 questions for a semester exam review, with every eighth-grader participating!
Student’s Reaction
Sixth-grader Cassie Garn said her English teacher uses cell phones for several exercises.
"This is more interesting and people pay attention," she said. "It's fun. It beats writing stuff down and everybody likes to try to be first."
“My teacher roams the room to make sure students are sending answers and not texts to friends.”
"It's all related to work," Garn said. "We're not texting other people."
Teacher’s Reactions
Teachers said participation is up and discipline problems are down in classes using cell phones.
Rogers is looking for ways to expand the phones' uses. "It's fighting a losing battle to ask them to leave them at home.”
Learn more from Dr. Rogers: http://passage.nn.k12.va.us/
5 Rules for Cell Phones in Schools
Set rules based on business regulations for cell phone use (look at business contracts)
Social contract with students
Must be on vibrate at all times
Keep them in the front of the room until you are going to use them.
All messages/media sent or published must be related to lesson.
If you are referencing someone else in class, you must have their approval before posting or publishing.
Create a permission form (in addition to the School’s AUP)
Discuss Mobile Safety & Appropriate Use
Part of digital footprint Your digital dossier that includes Internet activity
such as social networking, email, chat rooms, YOU can’t erase this!!! Permanent record
EVERYTHING you send via text message (pictures, videos, text, audio…etc) is PUBLIC!!! Example: Detroit Mayor Kwame Kilpatrick Mobile “bullying” and “sexting” is public
Students should know their plans Bring in their cell phone plan and a bill Discuss what is charged and how much Give Students a Survey
Learn more specific safety tips at Connectsafely
The Benefits for Online Teaching
Real-time Learning Documentation
Communication & Productivity
Group Work
Research & Data Collection
Students who do not have Internet access can still participate and learn
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DocumentationWhen off line, students can use their cell phones to take pictures, videos, send text messages, and record audio files to document
learning
How Students Can Document Learning
SMS Texting Group Brainstorming, alerts, polls, surveys, quizzes,
MMS Texting Send pictures/videos to instructor & other students
Phone Call Record interviews, observations, brainstorms,
quizzes…etc.
Save/Post Audio, Text Message, Images, and
Videos
http://drop.io
Assignment Call in to: Drop Number Name of your location and landmark or what it is
known for.. Take a picture of something that represents your
“location” Send it to: Drop Email
What can students do with a basic cell phone?
Phone Call
Send a Text Message (SMS)
Take a Picture
Ringtones
Wallpaper
#1 Mobile Podcasting/Live Radio
Using a cell phone to record and then posting the recording to a public or private website that has an RSS feed and can be downloaded as an MP3 file.
#1 Mobile Podcasting Project: Field Trips
High School Chemistry Students on a field trip at Cranbrook Science Museum in MI.
Cell Phones pictures documented chemical elements.
Used: Camera on cell phone and sent to drop.io at http://drop.io/CKCHEM4
#1 Mobile Podcasting Project: Radio Theater
Elementary School 3rd-6th graders
Used: http://hipcast.com
Web link:
http://stjosephschooltrenton.com/blog/
#1 Mobile Podcasting Project: Author Study
Middle School 6th-7th Grade
Used: http://gabcast.com
Web link:
http://541sparkes.blogspot.com/2007/07/author-blog-6.html
#1 Mobile Podcasting Project: Science Inquiry Questions
High School Earth Science
Used http://gabcast.com
Web link:
http://mrsleeswebblog.blogspot.com/
#1 Mobile Podcasting Project: Connecting Algebra to Real World
High School Algebra
Used http://yodio.com
Web link:
http://www.yodio.com/yo.aspx?cardId=LvAhgDUPZd6UbBgsTMN2aC
#1 Mobile Podcasting Project: Live Radio Broadcasts
High School Students Community Live Radio Show in Maine
Used http://blogtalkradio.com
Web link:
http://www.blogtalkradio.com/lobstertalk
#2 Avatar Project: Spanish Oral Exams
High School Spanish 2 & 3 Students
Developed an Avatar to take oral exams
Used http://voki.com
Focus: Engagement in oral speaking, oral speaking exams, culture representation with images
#3 Mobile Note taking and Organization
Using your cell phone to create speech to text reminders, emails, twitters, scheduled items on web-based calendars, get translations, and more!
#3 Mobile Note taking and Organization
http://dial2do.com Create an account
Send Emails
Transcription
Translation
Post to your Google Calendar, get SMS reminders of your events.
Create reminders
Listen to any website or news feed
#3 Mobile Note taking and Organization Project: Student’s
Mobile Scheduling
High School Technology Students
Created a Google Calendar where all assignments are posted and sent via cell phones
Also use Remember the Milk to set up “To Do lists” for students via cell phone
Used http://dial2do.com
http://coolcatteacher.blogspot.com/2008/08/kicking-off-school-year-web-20-style-w.html
#4 Mobile Photo and Video blogging or Posting
Posting an image, video, or text message to a web blog or private photo place on the web directly from your cell phone.
#4 PhotoPosting Project: Documenting Lab Activities
Mathematics teacher has students document their mathematical steps and lab activities, then put them into a slideshow along with process explanation.
Web link: http://mathematicslearning.blogspot.com/2008/04/mobile-has-changed-my-way.html
#4 PhotoPosting Project: Cell Phones & Facebook to Document Everyday Culture
Psychology teacher in Michigan has students document everyday cultural experiences with cell phone and sends them to class Facebook account.
Web link:
Protected in Facebook
#4 PhotoPosting Project: Send Videos of Homework to Cells
Physical Education Teacher in Australia
Used:
http://Utterli.com
Web link:
http://mrobbo.com
#4 PhotoPosting Project: Documenting Australian Environment
9th Grade Geography students in Australia
Used:
http://Utterli.com
Web link:
http://australianenvironment.wordpress.com/
#4 Photoblogging Project: iReporting
Mobile Citizen Journalism
#4 Photoblogging Project: iReporting
Mobile Journalism
High School Students Document Inauguration
Tools: Flickr, Twitter, YouTube
http://wainauguration.org/
#6 Location Mobile Blogging
Posting an image, audio file, or text message to a specific location on a map directly from your cell phone.
#7 Text Message Alerts!
Sending out mass text messages to large or small groups of people.
#7 Text Message Project: Text politicians, ask questions
Canadian Election
http://atomiq.org/archives/2004/04/the_youth_text_2004_challenge.html
#7 Alerts Project: Film on the Fly
http://www.koce.org/filmonthefly
#7 Text Alert Project: Text-An-Expert
9th Grade High School Social Studies
“Who was the first man to walk on the moon”
Power of Networks in Digital World
9th Graders Text Messaging Romeo and Juliet
• 9th Grade English in Michigan
• Translating Romeo and Juliet to “text speak”
• Start in class with translating a few lines to a wiffiti board.
• Voting on best “translations”
• Move to Homework
• Create a whole text message novel of Romeo and Juliet
Text Message Principal
“Principal Michael Bregy told all 2,400 students in the building to take out their cell phones and save his personal cell phone number.”
http://dailyherald.com/story/?id=332034
#8 Mobile Novel Project: Cell Phone Bestseller
Popular in Asia to Read Novels Via Cell.
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/20/world/asia/20japan.html?_r=2&pagewanted=1&th&emc=th&oref=slogin
Use a cell phone to write a private or collaborative novel, poem, chapter review, or short story to “publish” on a cell phone.
#8 Mobile Novels
#9 Survey or Quiz Audio Blast!
Send an audio quiz or survey to multiple cell phones at once.
Receive instant feedback as they take quiz/survey
Results all compiled in private account.
Hey Cosmos: Blaster
Listen to Any Podcast or RSS Feed Via Phone
http://podlinez.com/Get a phone number for
ANY Internet podcast
Call and Listen to MOMA’s latest galleries
1 (801) 349-3832
#12 Web 2.0 Voicemail
A cell phone that couples with a website in order to create MP3 files of voicemails, transcripts of voicemails, smart greeting for individual or groups of callers, and stores all calling information.
http://google.com/voice
(734) 408-4495
http://mrrobbo.wordpress.com/
Follow a teacher in his first year of using cell phones
George Engel (HS Math Teacher)
http://www.cellularlearning.org
Getting Started
DO NOT attempt to change policy (yet)
Survey Students on Cell Phones Who has one? What is their plan? Preference for
Communication?
Talk with students about cell phone safety & etiquette Create a social contract for cell phone use with school
assignments Show Digital Dossier Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79IYZVYIVLA
Start with OPTIONAL homework/EC projects outside of classroom.
Start with what YOU are comfortable with (such as phone call resources like Drop.io)