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ETM521

Lecture 3 – Generation TechnologiesBarış Sanlı

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Question

A fund provided you with 100 million $ for electricity generation.

● How will you invest?● What will be your optimal portfolio?● What should be your initiating question

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Load profiles

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Generation technologies

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Load duration

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Flexibility

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Minimum load and ramp rates

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Ramp rates

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Comparison of most commonly used and state-of-the-art power plants for each generation technology with regard to flexibility

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Resources

http://www.pk-energie-praxiswissen.com/?page_id=479&lang=en

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Resources

https://www.agora-energiewende.de/fileadmin2/Projekte/2017/Flexibility_in_thermal_plants/115_flexibility-report-WEB.pdf

https://energy.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Utility-of-the-Future-Full-Report.pdf

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Value of generation to the sys.

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Carnot verimliliği

● Carnot verimliliği● 1- To/T1

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Heating Values

● American English

– LCV : Lower heating value– HCV: Higher heating value

● British English

– NCV – net calorific value– GCV – gross calorific value

● Lower heating value does not include condensation heat of water vapor

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Types of Power Plants

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Reference site conditions

● Performance is defined with energy efficiency or the heat rate

● Rated power is the performance (kW, eff) based on refence site conditions (RSC)

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Operating hour

● Operating hours/Running Hours -> time the plant is in operation

● Equivalent Full Capacity Hours -> the equivalent time period during which the power plant would have produced the same amount of electrical power at full power output

● Capacity Factor (CF) : produced/ could have been produced at continuous operation at full power

● Availability : is the state where a unit can provide energy within a reference period (IEEE-762-2006)

– Planned outages: Maintenance– Forced outages: Failures during operation

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Cost structure

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CAPEX estimate

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Steam Power Plants

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Sub-Super- Ultra Critical plants

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How cooling affects efficiency

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How sulphur content affects?

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Simple cycle gas turbine

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Site conditions on efficiency

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Heating inlet air temperature

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Combined Cycle

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Techno-economics of Fossil Fuel

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Electricity Generation Costs

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Structure of electricity gen costs

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Nuclear Power

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Nuclear Economics

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Technoeconomics

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Hydroelectric

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Pump hydro

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Different hydro turbines

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Cost of hydro

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Wind power

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Rayleigh Freq Dist of Wind Speed

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Performance curve

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Reference annual electricity yield

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Electricity Generation Costs

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Solar

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Solar - Photovoltaic

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Module voltage

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Dual axis

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Yield calculation

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Levelized elec. costs

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Concentrated

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Solar tower

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Cycles

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South or West

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Taxonomy of Solar PV and Solar-plus-Storage Business Models

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Solar revenue vs penetration

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Locational value

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Distributed system

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Increased penetration

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Technology on Grid

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Production cost

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Quality requirements

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Nodal pricing

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Thank you

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