This project is funded by the European Union Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA) Civil Society Facility (CSF) The views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission

A project implemented by a consortium lead by the Center for the Study of Democracy

EU Practice in Monitoring Corruption

Content

• The Road to the Establishment of the EU Anticorruption Report

• Special EU Barometer on Corruption

• The EU Anticorruption Report

The Road to the Establishment of the EU Anticorruption Report

o Enlargement Reports (Chapter on Judiciary and fundamental rights)

o The Stockholm Programme

o Cooperation and Verification Mechanism

Special Eurobarometer on Corruption 2011

• Nine questions in three categories: I. Perceptions of Corruption within the Member States II. Perceived Reasons for Corruption within the Member

States III. Fighting Corruption

I. Perceptions of Corruption within The Member States

• Is corruption a major problem in Europe? • Institutional corruption • How well informed are citizens about corruption? • Has the level of corruption changed in past 3 years? • How widespread is corruption? • Personal effect and experience of corruption

• Having explored Europeans’ perceptions and experience of corruption in their own country the survey goes on to examine why Europeans think corruption occurs in their country.

• Respondents were shown a number of potential causes of corruption and asked which they felt contributed to corruption in their country, up to a maximum of three.

II. Perceived Reasons for Corruption within the Member States

III. Fighting Corruption

• Who should prevent and fight corruption? • Is corruption unavoidable? • Are national and EU actions effective? • Transparency and supervision of political parties’

finances • Links to organised crime • Prosecutions and sentences • Trust in institutions and other bodies

The EU Anticorruption Report

• Prompting stronger political will in the Member States and enforcement of the existing legal and institutional tools.

• will provide a clearer overview of the existence and effectiveness of anti-corruption efforts in the EU

• will help identify specific causes of corruption • Will provide grounds for sound preparation of • future EU policy actions. • will act as a 'crisis alert' to mitigate the potential

risks

• Cooperating with existing monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to avoid additional administrative burdens for Member States and duplication of efforts:

• Council of Europe's Criminal Law Convention on Corruption;

• GRECO; • Civil Law Convention on Corruption; • Twenty guiding principles for the fight against

corruption; • the UNCAC; • the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.

• The Anti-Corruption Report comprises: • A thematic section • Country analyses • Trends at EU level

• The EU Anti-Corruption Report is managed by the Commission assisted by: • An expert group • A network of local research correspondents

Methodology

Content of the EU Anticorruption Report

6. Society and Corruption

1. Relevant Corruption and Anti-Corruption issues

2. Politics and Strategies/Policies

3. Institutional setting, Law Enforcement and Judiciary

4. Public Administration

5. Management of Public Funds and Accountability of Public Spending

Relevant Corruption and Anti-Corruption issues

• Overview of new/recent corruption and anti-corruption issues, including new information/developments related to ongoing issues

Politics and Strategies/Policies

• Overall political context • Financing of political parties and electoral campaigns • Lobbying • Immunities of MPs, other elected officials • Parliamentary integrity • Asset disclosure for MPs, other elected officials • Conflicts of interests and incompatibilities of MPs • High-level corruption cases • National/federal anti-corruption strategies/policies • Regional/local, sectoral or institution-specific strategies • Legislative framework

Institutional setting, Law Enforcement and Judiciary

• Focal multi-purpose point when it comes to anti-corruption policies

• Mechanisms in place inspection, integrity issues, disciplinary matters, audit

• Cooperation among institutions • Criminal proceedings • Immunity rules applicable to judges and prosecutors

Public Administration

• Internal and external audit • Risk assessments • Training on integrity-related issues and awareness • Transparency and accountability of administrative

procedures • Integrity and professionalism in public service • Codes of conduct • Conflict of interests

Management of Public Funds and Accountability of Public Spending

• Public procurement • Subsidies and tax

exemptions • State-owned or state-

regulated companies • Vulnerable sectors • Local/regional variations

Society and Corruption

• Surveys/studies and perception • Reporting and whistle-blowing • Private sector corruption • NGO’s • Media/FOIA • Black economy/organised crime, etc • Follow-up of GRECO, OECD and UNCAC

recommendations

This project is funded by the European Union Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA) Civil Society Facility (CSF) The views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission

A project implemented by a consortium lead by the Center for the Study of Democracy

Thank you !