eukaryotic* cell structure remember: you need to write the notes on the slides with this icon....
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EUKARYOTIC* CELL STRUCTURE
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Interactive Cell
Quick Review
We have already talked about Cell Theory and two types of cells. What are the 3 key points of the Cell Theory?
All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure of living things Cells come from other cells
What are the two types of cells? Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
What is the main difference between these two cell types? Prokaryotic – No nucleus Eukaryotic - Nucleus
Eukaryotic
Examples Plant Cells Animal Cells
Membrane bound nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm Fluid part of the cell between the nucleus and
cell membrane Contains structures called organelles “Little
Organs”
Nucleus
Nucleus Contains the cell’s DNA (also called Chromatin) DNA codes instructions for making proteins and
other molecules
Nucleus (continued)
Surrounded by a double lipid layer. Nuclear Envelope (Membrane)
Nuclear Envelope has pores/openings to allow material to move into and out of the nucleus
Nucleolus
Small region inside nucleus that produces ribosomes
Nucleolus
Cell Membrane
Controls what enters and leaves the cell. Homeostasis
Provides protection and support Made of a double-layered sheet called Lipid Bilayer
(Lipids)
Mitochondria
Changes energy stored in food into energy the cell can use (ATP). Cellular Respiration
“Power Plant” of the cell
Mitochondrion Under a Microscope
Outer Membrane
Inner Membrane
Ribosomes
Synthesize (build) proteins Connect Amino acids into chains Found throughout the cytoplasm (tiny
dots)
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Where lipids and proteins are built Two types of ER
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
ER (continued)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) Ribosomes on its surface Synthesize proteins
ER (continued)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER) No ribosomes Synthesis of membrane lipids
Golgi Apparatus
It packages materials from ER for storage or release from the cell
It is found next to the ER
NUCLEUS
Rough ER
Golgi Apparatus Smooth
ER
Vacuoles
Store material (water, salts, food) Plants have a single, large vacuole The control of water content within a cell is an
example maintaining homeostasis
Lysosomes
Filled with enzymes Digestion (breakdown) of items
Lipids, Carbohydrates, Proteins Organelles that are not useful anymore
Removes “junk” that a cell does not need
Cytoskeleton
Proteins that help the cell to maintain its shape.
Involved in movement
Chloroplast***
Found in plant cells Capture energy from the sunlight and
convert it into chemical (food) energy. Photosynthesis
Cell Wall ***
Found in Plants Lies outside the cell membrane Provides support and protection for the
cell In plants, cell walls are made up of
Cellulose (Carbohydrate)
Movement
Cilia Short hair like structure covering the cell
Flagella Longer wipe like (tail)
Cilia & Flagella Movement
Videos and Interactive Models Interactive Cell Model Crash Course - Animal Cell Inside the Cell