eureka questions earth science physics chemistry
TRANSCRIPT
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Eureka Questions
Earth Science
Physics
Chemistry
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Eureka! Questions• What are the Eureka! questions?
– These are a set of questions designed to review material you already should have learned in science
• What is the purpose of these questions?– To prepare all students for the Science section
of the NJ ASK 8, a standardized test you take in the 8th grade
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Eureka Question 1Name the layers of the Earth from the outside in toward the center. Please also draw and label a diagram of the layers.
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Answer: Crust
MantleOuter CoreInner Core
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Layers of the Earth
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Eureka Question 2
What percentage (%) of
the Earth is covered by water?
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Answer:
approximately 70-75%
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Eureka Question 3
Why are oceans salty?
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Answer:
•Runoff from minerals on land
•Decaying sea life
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Eureka Question 4
What causes earthquakes earthquakes (include a diagram with (include a diagram with
your description to your description to illustrate)illustrate)?
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Answer:•Stress builds up in the Earth’s crust due to the
tectonic plates pushing on one another. •Sometimes this results in a shifting of the crust.
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Diagram
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Eureka Question 5
What causes volcanoes to volcanoes to form (draw a diagram to form (draw a diagram to
illustrate)illustrate)?
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Answer:
• Molten (melted) material from inside the Earth escapes out an opening in the Earth’s crust.
• As time passes, new layers cool and harden on top of old layers, forming a conical shape.
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Diagram
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Eureka Question 6
How are igneous rocks formed?
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Answer:
• Magma (molten rock) under the Earth’s crust cools and solidifies directly in the crust or reaches the Earth’s surface (now lava) and then cools and solidifies
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Eureka Question 7
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
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Answer:
• Layers of rock fragments, soil and minerals get pressed together
• Usually underwater
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Eureka Question 8
How are metamorphic rocks
formed?
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Answer:
•Igneous and sedimentary rocks that have been changed due to high pressure and temperature
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Eureka Question 9
What is weathering? How is it caused?
Why is it important?
(Hint: 3 part answer)
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Answer:• Weathering is….
– the breaking down of rock into smaller pieces.– Mechanical
• caused by water getting into cracks, freezing and expanding.
• also caused by plants breaking up rocks.
– Chemical• Caused by rain stripping minerals from rocks
– important b/c it results in the formation of soil.
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Eureka Question 10
What is erosion?
What are the 3 main forces of erosion on Earth?
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Answer:• the moving of rock and soil
that has been weathered• the changing of the Earth’s
surface by this movement
• 3 main forces are…–wind, water, glaciers