eurisol driver: heavy ion capabilities a . pisent, m. comunian, a. facco, e. fagotti, (infn-lnl)
DESCRIPTION
Eurisol driver: heavy ion capabilities A . Pisent, M. Comunian, A. Facco, E. Fagotti, (INFN-LNL) R. Garoby (CERN), P. Pierini (INFN-MI). 5 MeV. 85 MeV. 1000 MeV. The heavy-ion capabilities of the linac. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Eurisol driver: heavy ion capabilitiesA. Pisent, M. Comunian, A. Facco, E. Fagotti, (INFN-LNL)
R. Garoby (CERN), P. Pierini (INFN-MI)
The heavy-ion capabilities of the linac
Intermediate energy High energyLow energy
5 MeV 85 MeV1000 MeV
Can this same linac accelerate A/q=2 up to the same energy (i.e.same equivalent voltage)?
1000 MeV/q ?
0.8 1 1.20
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
11
0.167
TTFWgappar 0 4( )
TTFWgapdisp 0 5( )
TTFWgappar 0 6( )
TTFWgappar 0 2( )
TTFWgapdisp 0 3( )
1.40.8
Definition of TTF (transit time factor)
E
4 gaps5 gaps
6 gaps
TTF()
• In an electrostatic accelerator
• In a warm linac, where V=Ea*length
• In a superconducting linac
• The energy gain per cavity is:
sTTFqEw cos)],([ 0
3 gaps
2 gaps
222
2 2
11
1
1
McMcWout
sout qVW cos
qVWout
Key point: independent RF sources
• We assumed the existing p linac design.• In Eurisol p linac each cavity has an independent RF source
We identified three scenarios
• The acceleration of heavy ions, A/q = 2 & 3 up to the end of the proton linac intermediate section (85 MeV).
•
• The acceleration of heavy ions with A/q = 2 up to the end of the main linac (1 GeV).
• The acceleration of heavy ions with A/q = 3 up to 100 MeV/u with a modification of the proton linac architecture.
5 MeV 85 MeV 1000 MeV
1000 MeV5 MeV 85 MeV/u
5 MeV 255 MeV 1000 MeV
First scenario: SPES like
• The acceleration of heavy ions, A/q = 2 & 3 up to the end of the proton linac intermediate section (85 MeV).
•
• The acceleration of heavy ions with A/q = 2 up to the end of the main linac (1 GeV).
• The acceleration of heavy ions with A/q = 3 up to 100 MeV/u with a modification of the proton linac architecture.
5 MeV 85 MeV 1000 MeV
1000 MeV5 MeV 85 MeV
5 MeV 255 MeV 1000 MeV
ALPI
Exp. Halls
SPES project @ Legnaro
Driver linac:
Eurisol up to 100 MeV/u
BNCTTarget area
238UPrimary p beam Fission fragments
converter
n
1 mA *100 MeV = 100 kW 1013-14 f/s300 W
108 132Sn/s
0.02 pnA
132Sn at 16 MeV/u
ALPISupercond.
p linac100 MeV
Be or 13C100 kW
4 Kg UCx
238UPrimary p beam Fission fragments
238UPrimary p beam Fission fragments
converter
n
converter
n
1 mA *100 MeV = 100 kW 1013-14 f/s300 W
108 132Sn/s
0.02 pnA
132Sn at 16 MeV/u
ALPISupercond.
p linac100 MeV
Be or 13C100 kW
4 Kg UCx
132Sn at 16 MeV/u
ALPISupercond.
p linac100 MeV
Be or 13C100 kW
132Sn at 16 MeV/u
ALPISupercond.
p linac100 MeV
Be or 13C100 kW
4 Kg UCx(d)
Superconducting cavities under developement
(352 MHz)
LadderReentrant
HWR(Half Wave Resonator)
1.E+07
1.E+08
1.E+09
1.E+10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Ea, MV/m
Qo
7W
Q after HPR
SPES Reentrant+HWR
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
cavity number
TT
F
0
20
40
60
80
100
En
erg
y [M
eV]
TTF
Energy MeV
SPES Reentrant+HWR
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
cavity number
TT
F
0
20
40
60
80
100
En
erg
y [M
eV]
TTF
Energy MeV
SPES Reentrant+HWR
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
cavity number
TT
F0
20
40
60
80
100
En
erg
y [M
eV]
TTF
Energy MeV
SPES nominal linac design
injection 6.8 MeV/u
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
M/q
Fin
al E
ner
gy
final MeV/q
final MeV/u
A/q=1
A/q=2
A/q=3
Beam dump
BNCT moderator
rastering
Trips LEBT RFQ
Superconducting main linac
Proton injector
A/q=3 upgrade
Low energy high current applications
RIB production target
5 mA p beam
30 mA pTRASCO RFQ
3 mA d
Second scenario
• The acceleration of heavy ions, M/q = 2 & 3 up to the end of the proton linac intermediate section (85 MeV).
•
• The acceleration of heavy ions with M/q = 2 up to the end of the main linac (1 GeV).
• The acceleration of heavy ions with M/q = 3 up to 100 MeV/u with a modification of the proton linac architecture.
5 MeV 85 MeV 1000 MeV
1000 MeV5 MeV 85 MeV/u
5 MeV 255 MeV 1000 MeV
Second scenario: d up to 500 MeV/u
nucleon mass[MeV] 938.00 MeVq 1m 2Z 1Injector eq Voltage 170.88 MVbeta 0.4000Ekin 85441.91 keV/ue 1.60E-19 Cc 3.00E+08 m/sBrho 2.503 T-mEnergy 170.884 MeVBold numbers must be modified by userbeam power Injector 0.0342 Finale 0.21 MWStripping beam current 0.200 mA
total V 1060.5 MV
last cavity 146 0.86 13.5 14 1.2 0.8612 -30 6047 530270 0.769 7.53572 889.7 1061
Stripping 27 0.5 4.5 5.36 1.2 0.9863 -30 2319 134893 0.485 3.474513 98.9 270cry. cav. Nom. beta # Eacc Esurf Bsurf beam loadVacc VT on TTF Phis E gain Energy beta Brho Eq.Volt. Energy [MeV]# # gaps MV/m MV/m mT kW MV MV off deg keV/u keV/u T-m MV/q MeV
1 0.5 5 8.5 30.515 49.81 0 4.52 3 1.2 0.483 -30 1135.19 86577.1 0.4023 2.750 2.3 1732 0.5 5 8.5 30.515 49.81 0 4.52 3 1.2 0.507 -30 1192.63 87769.7 0.4047 2.770 4.7 1763 0.5 5 8.5 30.515 49.81 1 4.52 3 1.2 0.532 -30 1251.25 89021.0 0.4072 2.790 7.2 1784 0.5 5 8.5 30.515 49.81 1 4.52 3 1.2 0.558 -30 1310.85 90331.8 0.4098 2.812 9.8 1815 0.5 5 8.5 30.515 49.81 1 4.52 3 1.2 0.583 -30 1371.16 91703.0 0.4125 2.834 12.5 1836 0.5 5 8.5 30.515 49.81 1 4.52 3 1.2 0.609 -30 1431.90 93134.9 0.4153 2.857 15.4 1867 0.5 5 8.5 30.515 49.81 1 4.52 3 1.2 0.635 -30 1492.78 94627.7 0.4182 2.881 18.4 189
transit time factor
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
0 50 100 150
cavity number
TT
F
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
TTF
Energy [MeV]
• Injector doubled, so to have 85 MeV/u input energy•Main linac maximum B field increased from 50 mT to 60 mT
1000 MeV5 MeV
85 MeV
85 MeV/u170 MV linac
Influence of the cavity field level
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
50 55 60 65
Maximum surface B field [mT]
equ
ival
ent
volt
age
[MV
/q]
deuterons
protons
Third scenario
• The acceleration of heavy ions, M/q = 2 & 3 up to the end of the proton linac intermediate section (85 MeV).
•
• The acceleration of heavy ions with M/q = 2 up to the end of the main linac (1 GeV).
• The acceleration of heavy ions with M/q = 3 up to 100 MeV/u with a modification of the proton linac architecture.
5 MeV 85 MeV 1000 MeV
1000 MeV5 MeV 85 MeV/u
5 MeV 255 MeV 1000 MeV
Third scenario: heavily revised architecture
Third scenario: heavily revised architecture
7 MeV/u 90 MeV/u 1000 MeV
5 MeV 255 MeV 1000 MeV
Proton mode
Intermediate energy part extended up to 255 MeV: the first high energy cavity family is avoided (HWR or spoke up to high energy)
Heavy ion mode q/A=1/3
2 gaps up to 300 MeV(Ea=6 MV/m, 352 MHz)
bore diam#gaps beta #cavities mm
ladder 4 0.12 6 25ladder 4 0.17 6 25hwr 2 0.25 83 30hwr 2 0.45 126 30
221
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 1 2 3 4
A/q
Fin
al e
ner
gy
final MeV/q
final MeV/u
transit time factor
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0.900
1.000
0 50 100 150 200 250
cavity number
TT
F
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
TTF phase
TTF
Energy [MeV]
transit time factor
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0.900
1.000
0 50 100 150 200 250
cavity number
TT
F
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
TTF phase
TTF
Energy [MeV]
transit time factor
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0.900
1.000
0 50 100 150 200 250
cavity number
TT
F0
50
100
150
200
250
300
TTF phase
TTF
Energy [MeV]
A/q=1
A/q=2
A/q=3
Conclusions
• The superconducting linac is flexible, but increasing heavy ion capabilities have increasing costs
Very approximately for the three scenarios
• The injector costs about 14 M€•
•
• doubling the intermediate linac costs approximately 25 M€
• Two gap architecture for up to 255 MeV: first guess 25 M€.
5 MeV 85 MeV 1000 MeV
1000 MeV5 MeV 85 MeV/u
5 MeV 255 MeV 1000 MeV
Conclusions
• The superconducting linac is flexible, but increasing heavy ion capabilities have increasing costs
• The developement of a superconducting version of the intermediate part is very important for Eurisol linac, for protons and for heavy ions
• The applications of such a linac are much wider (and synergies in the R&D are possible).