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Women activein rural development

Assur ing

the future

of rural Europe

European CommissionDirectorate-General for Agriculture



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It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int) and on the Info

(http://inforegio.cec.eu.int).

C t l i d t b f d t th d f thi bli ti



Foreword

Introduction

The workforce of women

Sustainable rural development - focussing on women

C it t ki th i i t

Contents



Women’s vital contribution to rural development

Ensuring that women and men have equality of opportunity is an im

of the European Union. It is also, quite simply, a practical necessity

and sustainability of rural development. To maximise human resouing the social fabric of rural communities and revitalising local ec

involvement of women is vital. This means that equal opportunities

atically integrated in the design and implementation of rural de

grammes and projects, to ensure that women and men can participa

equal terms. A better balance has to be achieved between women and men in making dec

the life and economy of rural society, through the active encouragement and involvement o

ciations and networks and the promotion of women into planning and managerial posts.

For future recipients of Community support for rural development, the integration of eqwill no longer be a choice, but an obligation. Member States - and candidate countries in

need to ensure that all Community-supported programmes contribute to greater equality

and men, particularly in employment, enterprise, education and training, and the reconci

sional and family life.

Thi b h hi hli ht f th k i th t l d ff t th i



Introduction

The rural areas of the European Union are strikingly

varied in terms of social and economic structure, geog-

raphy and culture. Rural women too are not a homoge-

neous group. They have different roles and occupations,

on farms and in family businesses, in employment and

in community activities. Their needs and interests differ

too, particularly from one age group to another, and

depending on the size and composition of their family

and age of their children. The economic and social

changes that rural areas are undergoing do not affect all

women in the same way: offering opportunities to some,

to others they bring difficult challenges.

Rural economies, particularly those dependent on agri-

culture, have been affected by the processes of globali-

sation, leading to the restructuring and decline of the

agricultural sector, the growth of the service sector and

increased emphasis on technology. In many areas, this

has created unprecedented work and employment oppor-

tunities, as well as bringing changes in the role and sta-

tus of women. These changes have also contributed tofurther shifts in population, with some rural areas close

to towns and cities coming under pressure, while many

remote areas continue to suffer a decline in population.

In some regions of Europe, economic recession and

cutbacks in public services have led to further rural

decline, remoteness and poor infrastructure. Young

people, and above all young women, migrate to the

towns and cities in increasing numbers.

In Finland, the proportion of the population living inl s h s d cli d ll b t th ls

Despite this trend towards living in tow

rural areas, the latter still offer oppo

potential. Surveys show that, in gene

have a strong desire to stay in their

contribute to its development, provide

ments are met:

• employment opportunities in the l

ing part-time jobs;

• the possibility of gaining work exp

tional qualifications;

• local facilities for education and tr

• business services supportive to w

and enterprises;

• public transport services compatib

hours;

• local childcare facilities and socia

elderly and the sick;

• supportive public and professional

Women are also seeking a better balan

of labour in the domestic household,

t f th i l d f i



The workforce of women

The rural labour marketThe recent economic changes highlighted in the intro-

duction are particularly affecting women's participa-

tion in the labour market. The most extreme changes

are being experienced by women in the Southern

Member States, where the labour market has under-

gone the biggest transformation.

Formal employment - often full or part-time factory

work in the food processing industry or home-working

for textile industries - is replacing unpaid family farm

labour. In Italy and Portugal increasing numbers of

women are becoming self-employed farm managers. In

Spain, casual or seasonal wage-work is a growing fea-

ture of female employment in rural areas.

In the rural areas of Spain in 1998, 48.8% of womenaged 16 to 69 were in work, compared to 31.7% for

the country as a whole. 13.4% of rural women wereclassified as family assistants, compared to 1.7% overall.28.3% of active rural women are engaged in agriculture.

Quality employment opport

between in most rural areas.

low-paid and low-status jobs

their skills and abilities, is fre

temporary or part-time jobs

jobs may suit some women

young children, but in gen

employment with better cond

In rural Portugal in 1992, womsector jobs than men (53% of

only to poorly remunerated jobstatus.

In Baden-Württemberg in Germrural areas work in jobs at a

cations, compared to 29% in ur

In rural areas of Denmark, thunskilled female workers and

workers and salaried employee

The growing numbers of fresult mostly from recent dev

seeks off-farm employme

income from the farm, and

ferred to the woman. In rece

particularly common in the s

E U i



Other kinds of employment, or self-employment, are

gradually replacing farm work. In the core rural areas

of Member States with a greater GDP per capita, the

tertiary sector is a major employer of clerical and serv-

ice sector staff, which represents a high percentage of

the female workforce.

In Austria’s rural regions, women’s share of employ-ment reached 39.2% in 1991, compared with 41.5%

for Austria as a whole. More than half the active femalepopulation in rural regions was in paid employment. Today, middle-aged women in particular are far moreoften in paid employment than in previous decades.

In 1997, the activity rate of young women in the ruralareas of France reached 78%, for the first time match-

ing that of the same age group of women in urbanareas. The proportion of active women employed in the

tertiary sector in rural areas of France was 72% in 1997,up from 62% in 1990.

Unemployment rates – a comGenerally high in most rural regions

levels are often higher for women

Cutbacks and centralisation of pu

services are frequent in the northern

while in the South the problem stem

decline in traditional manufactu

Unemployment figures, anyway, do n

number of women seeking work, buare registered unemployed. Many wom

right to benefits, or who do not regis

are no job opportunities, fall outside t



Women's professional status

Women active in family businesses and farms oftenhave no professional status, independent remuneration

or separate social security. This situation is almost the

norm for couples seeking benefits for their business

and family.

In Portugal, the majority of the agricultural workforce isfemale (54% in 1992). However, only 16.4% of heads

of farms were women. Most women work as unpaid,non-qualified assistants. This inequality continuedthrough into the funding of agricultural projects, withonly 18.7% of European Community financial supportbetween 1986 and 1992 going to women.

Studies of farm women in rural England indicate that:• 10% of women in agriculture are farmers in their ownright;

• 60% of the remainder have some involvement inmanual or machine work on the farm;

• a further 20% are involved in administration orhelping out when needed;

• 25% are involved in on-farm businesses other thanthe main farm enterprise;

• 18% have off-farm jobs or businesses (a figure whichis growing).

In France, 60% of family businesses – mainly craft andcommercial enterprises – are run by a couple. Only 6%

of female spouses have the status of “joint collaborator”,d ll f l d ss ci t s Th t



Professional time, Domestic time Frtraining

Agriculture, farmers

Other active rural women

Active urban women

4h.10

5h.00

5h.20

8h.20

6h.20

6h.20

6h.15

5h.50

4h.40

1h.40

3h.00

3h.40

1h.

2h.

2h.

Working hours stretched to the limitApart from the multiple roles women usually have as

household managers and family carers, as organisersand providers of community services and, not least, in

the economy, farm women in particular have the longest

working day. The temporary or long-term combination

of training and employment with everyday responsibili-

ties is therefore difficult to realise.

In France, a national study showed marked differences in the daily employment of time between Womenand between farm, rural and urban men and women.



Sustainable rural developm

focussing on womenIntegration in decision makingWomen’s contribution to local and community devel-

opment is significant, but rural women everywhere are

in a minority in decision-making and planning, partic-

ularly at regional and national levels. This is in part due

to women’s multiple roles and workload, but is also dueto the persistence of traditional views about women’s

and men’s roles in society.

In rural Spain, the participation of women is highin cultural associations, women’s associations

and community groups, and is low in professionalorganisations, co-operatives and trade unions.

In Sweden, there are over 3,500 community develop-ment associations in rural areas. The active core of the

community association movement consists of around70,000 people, nearly half of whom are women. Womenparticipate strongly and influence the nature of the activ-ities, whereas in leading positions they are a minority.Among the liaison officers of the 3,500 groups, about

one-third are women. A less favourable picture is paint-ed by the Federation of Swedish Farmers: in 199526% of its members were women, but at national levelonly 2 of the 22 board members were women (9%).

In Ireland, in the first phase of the EU LEADER Initiative,10% of the directors of the management boards of the

17 local action groups were women. Almost two-thirds ofthe boards had none or only one female director.

Attempts were made to improve the participation of women during the second phase of the Initiative, withgroups being required to incorporate gender awarenessand gender balance into the operation of their pro-grammes. A specific target for groups is to ensure that,by the conclusion of the programme, at least 40% ofb d di ct s B th d f 1996 s

The formal, hierarchical mod

is not compatible with the mo

women tend to adopt, partic

sector. The time needed to ge

organisational procedures shou

to women's participation.

Arecent study of the developnities of women in agricultu

found that some women were pNational Farmers Union and looverwhelming proportion of mcommented that her husband’sa “male bastion (…) women a

it’s a men’s social club”.

The low level of participatio

ki i it bl l d t b



Decision-making at local level –

women's participation is a must

This section addresses development organisations and

professional associations, as well as local and regional

authorities. They are asked to actively encourage and

support women in planning and decision-making, both

as members of management boards and committees and

at senior staffing levels. Aspects that could usefully be

reviewed, with an eye to gender-orientation, include:

• organisational culture and structure;

• recruitment procedure and promotion of staff;

• terms and conditions of employment (working time);

• the selection and nomination of board and commit-tee members;

• procedures used for making decisions;

• the timing and location of meetings and events.

At local, regional and national level special steps could

be taken:

• the establishment of associations and networks of

rural women;

• the involvement of existing women's associations incommittees and partnerships;

• encouraging women's groups to apply for funding

for development initiatives;

• linking up women's associations with development

organisations;

h i i t i j t i i ti

Entering new economic sectorEffective rural development creates

opportunities for high quality employ

opens up new employment prosp

women, who might otherwise move

can be taken of new and expanding

telecommunications, local service

leisure services and environmental im

In the thinly populated Vogelsberg areaGermany, a project to train and employ

drivers has created 12 new bus routes an

and part-time employment for eight wom

Making an impact on female employm

does not always call for actions target

women. Identifying economic sectors

opment potential and that can make a

tion to female employment is a waequal opportunities into rural develop

Th l ch f G lic t l isi s



Vocational and Personal TrainingA demand for appropriate and accessible training

appears constantly in surveys and studies of women’s

needs in rural areas. Women often represent anuntapped resource, with a range of special aptitudes and

skills ready to be developed and put to use in the formal

economy. Many women already have vocational quali-

fications, which may need updating to prepare them to

re-enter the job market. But the right support and

encouragement is needed and, especially, training needs

to be a realistic and practically achievable option.

Pre-training courses in personal development, confidence

raising and basic skills allow women to discover their own

strengths and abilities in a supportive environment before

moving on to more vocationally-oriented training pro-

grammes. Such courses are often the genesis of networks of

mutual support and practical action, leading to the setting

up of co-operatives, small businesses or local services.

Traditional views about the role of women and men canstill affect the choices women make when pursuing

vocational training. Instead of opting for conventionally

female areas, positive action can be taken to encourage

women to explore the possibilities offered by traditionally

male domains. This broadening of roles can be stimu-

lating to the individual and rewarding in both social

and economic terms.

In Greece, rural women attend crafts, rural home economics, f

tourism; in contrast, for subjects arboriculture, horticulture and a

women represent less than 20%

In Spain, young rural people geof training and education than

although the difference is becom20-24 year olds, few gender diftion is not an explanation of womthe rural economy. At higher edlevel, gender differences exist, w

worst. The desire to pursue educ

young rural women than men ofa keen desire to be assimilated iand education is a route to achie



Setting up businessesBy entering into self-employment and setting up small

businesses women can be at the forefront of innovation

and diversification in rural areas, for example by devel-

oping agri-tourism activities, artisanal food and drinks

production, craft enterprises, telecommunication and car-

ing services. Women often have the added advantage of

an awareness and knowledge of local needs, and special

interpersonal and communication skills.

In Finland's rural areas, agriculture has always been themain source of self-employment. Non-agricultural opportuni-

ti s t k b th b A s i



Support services for womenentrepreneurs

Quality support services for rural women venturinginto self-employment, or starting their own businesses

or co-operatives, are imperative. Existing services can

often be reviewed and adapted or expanded to address

the specific needs of women entrepreneurs. Experience

shows that, prior to starting a business, women often

prefer to participate in women-only courses and

groups. But once their business has been established

they want access to support services appropriate to the

type and size of enterprise they have created, and to thesector in which it operates.

In the early stages, women may need back-up coun-

selling to help develop their ideas, identify their skills

d it d i th i fid L t

Replacing unpaid socia

The absence of quality care seas a major constraint on rural

and participating in public life

of the European Union where

for children and the elderly is

A number of rural areas have

need and demand for child

which have then been used t

tions. It can no longer be asswill be provided by the unp

other family members. In fac

be created in the course of so

Funding can be provided throu

th ERDF (E R i



In Denmark, a 1991 study showed that 60% of childrenaged 3-6 in rural areas were in publicly funded childcare

services compared with 85% in greater Copenhagen.

A1992 survey in the Netherlands showed that 1%of rural children under the age of four were in day-

care compared with 16% of those living in the main

urban centres.

In the Spanish island of Minorca, a 1990 survey foundthat 0% of 2 year olds, 10% of 3 year olds and 20% of

4 year olds were in pre-school services in rural areas,compared with 50% of 2 year olds, 90% of 3 year olds

d 100% f 4 lds i b s

The need for rural services

The expectations of young people anin rural areas are different to those of

tions. Creating a social and communit

meets those expectations is an integra

rural development.

A good transport network, with reliab

cles, routes and timetables adapted t

crucial. Security and protection at iso

particularly important for women an

may also need taking into considerati

The “Angus Transport Forum” carried oueach village of the region of Angus, Sco

transport problems and needs; it has subseable to improve the quantity and quality oservices in the region.

Ease of access to services - shops, hea

plays a big part in sustaining rural c

other social and community needs sh

gotten: leisure activities, the Interne

revitalisation of linguistic and cultur

architectural heritage and the environm

help to maintain the rural population

young people and families, as well as tunities for generating income and em



Community support:making the maximum impa

European Union programmes have already provided

significant backing to developments in rural areas that

have benefited women. The Community InitiativeEmployment-NOW has been widely used to support

training, employment creation and enterprise support

projects for rural women. The LEADER Initiatives

have helped many women develop paying activities

in the fields of tourism, crafts and regional products.

The European Social and Regional Development Funds

have been used to co-finance training and economic

development initiatives, many of which have made an

important contribution to women’s opportunities in the

labour market and to improved infrastructure and

access to services in rural areas.

Equality - a guiding priThe Treaty of Amsterdam est

women and men as a specifiCommunity, and as a horizon

porated into all Community p

It provides a strong legal ba

Member States and the Europ

strengthen attention to equal

This commitment will be r

principle of "mainstreaming"

systematic account of the

conditions, situations and nee

all Community policies and a

This has important and pr

managers of Community pro

of co-financed projects, par

through the Structural Fun

cultural Guidance and Guamunity Initiatives.

Mainstreaming equal oEuropean policies and “Mainstreaming” equal oppo

ing that all general policies a

actively take into account, du

tation, monitoring and evalu

respective situations of womethe complementary design, i

ing and evaluation of speci

equality and to assist women

equally. Overall, policies and

tribute to improved equality b

d h ld b bl t d



How the Structural Funds support equalopportunitiesThere is a strong synergy between the objectives of

equal opportunities and Community support for region-

al and rural development. Improved transport and care

services enable more women to access employment,

enterprise and training opportunities, as well as creating

new sources of employment. Raising the vocational

qualifications and skills of women contributes to

improved productivity and chances of employment, and is an effective investment in human resources.

Supporting women to develop economic activities gen-

erates innovative solutions to local development and

new services, which in turn improves the quality of

rural life and helps maintain rural communities.

A recent evaluation of the OperationaAgriculture, Rural Development a

Ireland noted that the milk quota restr

discriminated against applicants o

owned and managed holdings. A n

important agricultural measures did no

female farm ownership or greater

women in family farms owned by the

evaluation made a number of importa

tions to improve future Operational Pto encourage more equal ownership o

equal participation in on-farm activiti

agement.

The criteria of schemes and the eff

i t t h ld b i d f th



The Community Initiatives 2000-2006:supporting equal opportunities andrural development

Under Agenda 2000, the former thirteen Community

Initiatives have been reduced to three :

INTERREG The new INTERREG III Initiative has three strands:• Strand A concerns cross-border cooperation, the promotion

of integrated regional development across border areas.• Strand B concerns transnational cooperation, promoting

harmonious territorial integration across the Union.• Strand C supports interregional cooperation and hence

seeks to improve the policies and techniques of interregion-al economic development.

EQUALEQUAL builds on the Employment and Adapt initiatives but hasa new, more integrated, multi-dimensional approach to thefactors which cause discrimination. The initiative is builtaround "development partnerships" based on location or sec-tor and working on themes structured around the four pillarsof the European employment strategy.EQUAL deals with transnational cooperation to promote newmeans of combating all forms of discrimination and inequalitiesin connection with the labour market. It will also take dueaccount of social and vocational integration. Member States

will be required to ensure that this horizontal thematicapproach will give priority to those who are victims of the mainforms of discrimination and inequality (based on sex, race or,

ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age, or sexual ori-entation). Through its transnational dimension and the impor-tance granted to networking and capitalisation activities,EQUAL will act as a testing ground to foster a labour marketopen to all.To this end, it will experiment with new ways ofdelivery, single out good practices and ensure sound dissemi-

ti f s lts hich it h s b ssibl t b ild

LEADER+In line with the new rural developpredecessors LEADER I and II, all ruKey features of the existing LEAproved successful will be retainestrategies which seek to exploit aeconomy together rather than a m

approach, its support for 'bottom-ritorial development, its strong emtion of the local population; and

working between rural areas.Priority themes at European leve

local development plans should duced:the use of information teimproving the quality of life in rulocal products and making the besal resources. Strategies focussing

women, and on young people in given priority.LEADER+ will open up the possibidevelopment projects between Member State as well as between Actions eligible under LEADER+ wconcern a relatively small-scale are

ty level, with a maximum populatiobe complementary to those undert'mainstream' rural development p

Three main types of actions will bLEADER+:• i t t d t it i l l d



The way forward

Achieving equality for women and men in rural development will take some effort. There is no s

ideas and energy amongst women in rural areas. But a range of obstacles exists to their full part

development.

Some solutions have already been found, and some initiatives already taken to improve the oppo

women to participate more actively in economic and public life. But much more needs to be done

are not enough. Systematic attention to equal opportunities has to be given in all rural development

projects, to reduce the continued disparities between women and men, and to make equal oppo

in all the rural areas of the European Union.

The policy framework is in place. The mainstreaming of equal opportunities for women and men i

programmes is an obligation on all Member States and for the European institutions. The regulatio

for the European Structural Funds, European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund and Comm

make clear reference to the systematic integration of equal opportunities.

It is now up to decision-makers and to the managers of programmes and projects – at national, r

levels – to take up the challenge. Ensuring that all mainstream interventions contribute positively to

ity between women and men is of vital importance. However, this alone will not be enough to redu

between women and men in vocational training, employment and enterprise, and in family and pu

of specific actions designed to overcome the key obstacles to equality will be required to compl

stream effort. Some of these actions might involve adapting the priorities and ways of working

organisations and professional associations to ensure an equal participation of women and men.

For this effort to work, women too must play their role. Rural women must move into the ma

prepared to argue their case with those who make the decisions. They must learn to better use technical resources available to promote their own development initiatives. The networks and

which rural women are active are important resources for equality and rural development. They

the challenge of ensuring that the needs and interests of women are addressed by mainstream rura

A sustained effort by all actors in all f ields to integrate equal opportunities into rural development

b fit t l t th li f i di id l d hild i l b t l t



Success stories

Demand for social services

provides employment for women

Tulsk in West Ireland is typical of many remote rural

areas in Europe. With only one village, most people live

in isolated farmhouses. Farming is a mainstay of the

local economy and other jobs are scarce. Young people

leave the area and many women are forced to take non-

professional jobs, below their skill levels. Mothers lack

transport and childcare services and cannot, therefore,

work outside the home. Demands on social services for

the elderly are growing. These were the findings of a

survey conducted in 1993 by a local development asso-

ciation. The Action Plan developed by the group includ-

ed the setting up, in 1994, of care services for elderly

people and young families by women living in the area.

From day one, clients paid a fee for the services provid-

ed, avoiding the stigma of charity and putting the serv-

ices on a professional basis. The fee income was com-

plemented by external funding, to cover the cost of pro-

viding the services, further training and to establish an

operational base. External funding was obtained from

the Health Board, Department of Social Welfare,

National Lottery, the European Union and LEADER.

Today, the scheme has been transformed into a limited

company, with a resource centre in the village that

includes crèche facilities.

A further project to create ten housing units for elderly

and disadvantaged people was launched in 1998,

enabling elderly or sick people to stay in their commu-

nity among people they know. It is hoped that the hous-

i j t ill t ll h l t b idi th h

Child care services welcomed

Two small neighbouring mun

al area of Italy's Po Delta reco

childcare services for local

resources to establish a chi

school involving both child

grandparents and other relativ

the smaller of the two munic

offers children and families a

outside area is open to all ch

during the summer months

opened in 1989, initial activity

a wood-working workshop to

tre and as a means of attractin

This successfully paved the w

further educational projects an

ing parents and other groups i

Sensible analysis and integr

The co-ordinator of the

Chateaubriant in France had

about the specific issues facin

opment. After all, developm

population and women can ge

Her attitude changed after folseminar series focussing

Following the training, the LE

project aimed at giving rural w

desire to take the initiative. O

working group analysed the is

f ll d b th i ti



Networking stimulates participation

in decision-making

The Fermanagh Women's Network in Northern Ireland

is a good example of how to improve the participation

of women's groups in the decision-making process.

Initially comprising only four local women's groups

in the county, and run by a voluntary management

committee, the network showed potential for growth

and expansion and received local and regional funding.

With paid staff organising and developing further ini-

tiatives the number of women's groups in the county

has grown from 5 to 26. Most are community-based.

Operating at community level, the Network helpswomen's groups to get established and facilitates

the exchange of experience and information by distrib-

uting a quarterly magazine to around 1000 groups and

individuals, and by organising seminars and informa-

tion days. A mobile suite of computers serves for train-

i A id bl t f ti i d t

Teamwork at sub-regional level pay

Co-operation between three LEADE

Land of Hessen in Germany led to

gramme for 40 rural women, the cre

part-time employment and the availab

quality tourism.

While agriculture is still important in

farms are closing and other local emp

nities are scarce, particularly for wom

to jobs in neighbouring towns – an ho

- is part of the daily routine. In resLEADER group initiated a training pr

and village tourism. The training wa

modules: basic qualifications, a s

tourism, and project development. S

port of their families was also an imp

th i l d Of th 16 ti i



A personalised and participatory approach pays off

A project in the Auvergne region of France set out to

build on existing economic activities carried out clan-

destinely by rural women. It aimed to transform these

activities into professionally-recognised and properly

remunerated businesses, coherent with the development

strategy for the region.

Training takes the special approach of addressing people

as individuals rather than as a group. Focussing on the

individual skills, interests and needs of the female par-ticipants, training sets out to build confidence and con-

fer the status necessary to creating a viable business.

Resulting enterprises have included the processing and

sale of farm produce, home services for elderly people,

childcare and sculpture.

Community spirit counts

On the island of North Uist in

where women lacked training

contact, funding at regional,

(ERDF Objective 1 and LEA

vided for the establishment of

club, a community training ce

cultural and local tourism acti

a community group with the

registered charity had been

group. The project's programmthe living and working situatio

Links are being made with fur

the region and there are plans

for the University of the Highl

computer links.



Contact addresses forStructural Funds in theMember States - Leadercoordinator offices

B E L G I U M

ERDFMinistère de la Région

wallonne

Direction générale de

l’Économie et de l’Emploi

Place de la Wallonie 1

B-5100 Namur

Tel.: +32 81 33 37 00

Fax: +32 81 33 38 88

Ministerie van de Vlaamse

Gemeenschap

Departement Ekonomie,

Werkgelegenheid en

Binnenlandse Aangelegenheden

Markiesstraat 1

B-1000 Brussel

EAGGF-GUIDANCEMinistère de la Région

wallonne

Direction générale de

l’Économie et de l’Emploi

Place de la Wallonie 1B-5100 Namur

Tel.: +32 81 33 37 00

Fax: +32 81 33 38 88

Ministerie van de Vlaamse

G h

D E N M A R K

ERDFErhvervsministeriet

Erhvervsfremmestyrelsen

Søndergade 25DK-8600 Silkeborg

Tel.: +45 35 46 60 00

Fax: +45 35 46 64 01

EAGGF-GUIDANCELandbrugsministeriet

Toldbodgade 2

DK-1253 København K

Tel.: +45 33 63 73 00

Fax: +45 33 63 73 33

G E R M A N Y

ERDFBundesministerium für

Wirtschaft und Technologie

Leiter des Referats I C

D-11019 Berlin

Tel.: +49 30 20 14 9

Fax: +49 30 20 14 70 10

EAGGF-GUIDANCEBundesministerium für

Ernährung, Landwirtschaft

und ForstenRochusstraße 1

D-53123 Bonn

Tel.: +49 228 529 3880

Fax: +49 228 529 4262

LEADER

G R E E C E

ERDFMinistry of the N

Economy

Syntagma SquareGR-101 80 Athens

Tel.: +30 1 333 20

Fax: +30 1 323 08

EAGGF-GUIDMinistry of Agric

Directorate of Pr

and Agricultural

Acharnon Street 2

GR-104 32 Athens

Tel.: +30 1 524 12

Fax: +30 1 524 51

LEADER MED LEADER II

Ipeirou 11 & 3is Sep

GR-104 33 Athens

Tel.: +30 1 82 57

Fax: +30 1 82 57

E-mail: med@med-le

For further information



S P A I N

ERDFMinisterio de Economía y

Hacienda

Dirección General dePlanificación

Paseo de la Castellana 162

E-28046 Madrid

Tel.: +34 91 583 51 00

Fax: +34 91 563 062

EAGGF-GUIDANCEMinisterio de Agricultura, Pesca

y Alimentación (MAPA)Secretario General de

Estructuras Agrarias

Paseo de la Castellana 112

E-28046 Madrid

Tel.: +34 91 347 17 25

Fax: +34 91 347 16 26

E-mail: [email protected]

LEADER TRAGSATEC

Unidad Española del

Observatorio Europeo LEADER

c/ Conde de Peñalver, 84 - 5ª Planta

E-28006 Madrid

Tel.: +34 91 396 37 12

Fax: +34 91 396 37 05

E-mail: [email protected]://redrural.tragsatec.es

F R A N C E

ERDFDATAR

Av. Charles Floquet 1

F-75343 Paris Cedex 07 Tel.: +33 1 40 65 12 34

Fax: +33 1 43 06 99 01

EAGGF-GUIDANCEMinistère de l’Agriculture et de

la Pêche

Direction de l’Espace rural et de

la Forêt

Bureau des Affaires régionaleset des Programmes européens

Av. du Maine 19

F-75732 Paris Cedex 15

Ministère de l’Agriculture,

DEPSE

Rue de las Cases 30

F-75007 Paris

LEADER Unité française d’Animation

LEADER II - RCT-BDPA

108, Avenue de Fontainebleau

F-94270 Kremlin Bicêtre

Tel.: +33 1 45 15 89 20

Fax: +33 1 45 15 89 29

E-mail: [email protected] http://www.reseauleader.com

CNASEA - OAGF-LEADER

7, rue Ernest Renan

F-92136 Issy-les-Moulineaux Cedex

T l 33 1 46 48 41 66

I R E L A

ERDFDepartm

Upper Mer

IRL-Dublin Tel.: +353

Fax: +353

EAGGFDepartm

and Food

Agriculture

Kildare Str

IRL-Dublin

Tel.: +353

Fax: +353

LEADERFarrell G

Molyneux

Bride Stree

IRL-Dublin

Tel.: +353

Fax: +353

E-mail: inf



I T A L Y

ERDFMinistero dell’ Industria, del

Commercio e dell’Artigianato

Direzione Generale dellaProduzione Industriale

Via Molise 2

I-00587 Roma

Tel.: +39 06 470 52 022

Fax: +39 06 482 70 67

Ministero del Tesoro, Bilancio e

Programmazione Economica

Dipartimento Politiche diSviluppo e Coesione

Servizio per le Politiche dei

Fondi Strutturali Comunitari

Via Curtantone 4/d-8

I-00185 Roma

Tel.: +39 0644 40 373

Fax: +39 0643 58 85 45

EAGGF-GUIDANCEMinistero Agricoltura e Foreste

Direzione Generale delle

Politiche Communitarie e

Internazionali Divizione Ufficio

Strutture

Via XX Settembre 20

I-00187 Roma

LEADER Istituto Nazionale di Economia

Agraria (INEA)

Via Barberini, 36

I-00187 Roma

T l 39 06 478 561

L U X E M B O U R G

ERDFMinistère de l’Économie

Bd Royal 19-21

L-2449 LuxembourgTel.: +352 478 41 64

Fax: +352 46 04 48

EAGGF-GUIDANCEMinistère de l’Agriculture,

de la Viticulture et du

Développement rural

Bd. Roosevelt 14

L-2450 Luxembourg

Tel.: +352 478 2520

Fax: +352 46 74 53

T H E N E T H E R L A N D S

ERDFMinisterie van Economische

Zaken

Direktoraat-generaal voor Eco-

nomische Structuur, Directie RBM

Postbus 20101

NL-2500 EC Den Haag

Tel.: +31 70 379 89 11

Fax: +31 70 379 77 57

EAGGF-GUIDANCEMinisterie van Landbouw,

Natuurbeheer en Visserij

Bezuidenhoutseweg 73

NL-2500 EK Den Haag

LEADER

A U S T R I A

ERDFBundeskanzlera

Hohenstaufengasse

A-1010 WienTel.: +43 1 531 15

Fax: +43 1 531 15

EAGGF-GUIDBundesministeriu

und Forstwirtsch

Stubenring 1

A-1012 Wien

LEADER Österreichische L

Netzwerk-Servic

Fichtegasse 2

A-1010 Wien

Tel.: +43 1 513 89

+43 1 512 15

Fax: +43 1 512 15

E-mail: fidlschuster@

fidlschuster@

http://www.rural-au



P O R T U G A L

ERDF

Direcção Geral doDesenvolvimento Regional

(DGDR)

Rua S. Julião 63

P-1100 Lisboa

Tel.: +351 21 881 40 00

Fax: +351 21 888 11 11

EAGGF-GUIDANCE

Direcção Geral doDesenvolvimento Rural

Av. Defensores de Chaves 6

P-1000 Lisboa Codex

Fax: +351 21 357 92 76

Director do Gabinete de

Planeamento e Politica Agro-

alimentar

Rua Padre António Vieira 1-8°

P-1099-073 Lisboa

Instituto Financeiro de Apoio ao

Desenvolvimento de Agricultura

e Pescas (IFADAP)

Rua Dona Estefânia 71-77

P-1007 Lisboa Codex

LEADER LEADER II Portugal

Rua Marquesa de Alorna, 34-2° esq.

P-1700-304 Lisboa

Tel.: +351 21 844 65 95

F 351 21 844 66 23

F I N L A N D

ERDF

SisäasiainministeriöPaavo Pirttimäki

Kirkkokatu 12, PL 257

FIN-00171 Helsinki

Tel.: +358 9 160 1

Fax: +358 9 160 28 27

EAGGF-GUIDANCEMaa-ja metsätalousministeriö

C-G MikanderHallituskatu 3A, PL 232

FIN-00171 Helsinki

Tel.: +358 9 1601

Fax: +358 9 160 42 80

LEADER Suomen LEADER-verkostoyksikkö

Prännärintie 17

FIN-61800 Kauhajoki

Tel.: +358 6 2360 067

+358 40 5314 944

Fax: +358 6 2360 068


http://leader.kauhajoki.fi

S W E D E N

ERDFNärings- och teknik-

utvecklingsverket (NUTEK)

S-11786 Stockholm

T l 46 8 681 94 33

U N I T E D

ERDF

DepartmeIndustry

Kingsgate H

66-74 Victo

UK-London S

Departme

Personnel

Parliament B

Stormont UK-Belfast B

EAGGF-Ministry o

and Food

Nobel House

17 Smith Sq

UK-London S

The Scottis

Agricultur

Departme

Victoria Qua

UK-Edinburg

Departme

Rural DevNorthern

Dundonald H

Upper Newt

UK-Belfast B

Tel.: +44 12

F 44 12



European Commission(http://europa.eu.int)

Directorate-General Agriculture

Rue de la Loi 200

B-1049 Bruxelles

Fax: +32 2 295 75 40


http://europa.eu.int/comm/

dgs/agriculture/index_en.htm

Directorate-GeneralEmployment and Social Affairs

Rue de la Loi 200

B-1049 Bruxelles

Fax: +32 2 296 23 93


dgs/employment_social/index_en.htm

Directorate-General

Regional Policy

Rue de la Loi 200

B-1049 Bruxelles

Fax: +32 2 299 16 62



regional_policy/index_en.htm

http://inforegio.cec.eu.int

Leader European Observatory

AEIDL

Chaussée St-Pierre 260

B-1040 BruxellesTel.: +32 2 736 49 60

Fax: +32 2 736 04 34


http://www.rural-europe.aeidl.be

European Par(http://europa.eu.in

Committee on Wand Equal Oppo

European Parlia

L-2929 Luxembourg

Fax Luxembourg: +3

Fax Bruxelles: +32 2

http://www.europa



This brochure aims to

encourage and inspire those

responsible for rural development

programmes and projects to take into

account the needs and interests of

women in rural areas

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