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308 ]-)S’CtE, [February x89o.

species, found west of the Rocky Moun-tains, extending south to Guatemala.A. amazili is strictly a South Amer-

ican species extending to the north to

the Antilles and Central America.There are two species in Australia,

three in Europe, four in Africa and per-haps ten in Asia.

TIlE ARGYNNIDES OF NORTIt AMERICA.

BY IIENIIY JOIIN ELXVES, CIRENCJGS’FEII tNGLAND.

[Reprint, p. 563-575, from ’A. revision of the genus Argynnis," (Trans. ent. soc. Londonfor the year 889, p. 535-575.)

The Argynnides of North Americaare, without exception, the most diffi-cult butterflies to classify that [ haveever studied. I have a collection whichincludes authentically named specimensof almost all the species and varieties,manv of them direct from such well-kown collectors as Messrs. 1-1. Ed-wards and Morrison many from Messrs.Strecker and Geddes. I have alsoseen some of the best collections in theUnited States, and studied all, or almostall, the large mass of scattered literatureand notes on the genus by Messrs. W.H. and H. Edwards, Mead, Geddes,Scudder, and Strecker. [ have repeat-edly tried to construct a key by whichthe supposed species could be identified,and can only say that I have completelyfailed. I am certain that no entomologist,who received to-day the most perflectcollection which could be got togetherfrom all parts of North America, andhad to classify and describe them with-out regard to the works of others, would

make anything like as many species ashave been recognized. It seems pre-sumptive for a man to set aside lnuch ofwhat has been written by those whohave seen, both living and dead, so manynore specimens than I have seen, andyet I cannot, in dealing with theAmerican forms, adopt as specific,characters so slight and variable thatthey would not be recognized as such inthe much better known European spe-cies. And to show that it is not myignorance alone which makes the. diffi-culty, I may say that it is just those spe-cies vhich I have personally observed itlife, and which I have most carefullyexamined, such as A. eatry,zome, A.l/liana, A. monticola, and A. mead/i,in which I have found my uncertaintythe greatest. Mr. Strecker’s remarks,on p. t8 of his Catalogue, are so muchto the point that [ will quote them here,and can only say if our American col-leagues do not agree with them, let themrather point out how others may under.

February i89o.] PS/CHE. 309

stand their conclusions, than blame mefor not adopting what I cannot see :-"The Argynnides of the western slope,or Pacific side of the Rocky Mountains,are without doubt, ifwe except, perhaps,the Coliades, the most difficult of all theNorth American Diurnae to deal with,as they not only run into certain varia-tions, but again into subv.ariations, oreven further. The two species monti-cola and zerene, first considered identi-cal by Dr. Boisduval, are perhaps themost perplexing; each of thee bears thesame relation to some of their varietiesas does niobe to its var. eris and ad@peto cleodoxa, but presenting by no meansthe stability of forms of these Europeanvariations, but branching out into endlessand endless varieties until the student iscompletely at a loss to know where orto what they may lelong."

Scudder, in the ’Butterflies of NewEngland,’ has figured the abdominalorgans of several species of Argynnison plate 33 which gives an opportunityof comparing some nearly allied spe-cies. Th(,so of A. cybele, fig. 44, A.aphrodile, fig. 4o, are very similar in-(leed, but as they (lo not appear to agreeexactly with the descriptions, and thefigure ,fthat of ahrodite is not alludedto in the description on p. 565, I donot know whether the description wasmade from the same specimens figured,and whether we are to attribute thedifference to variation, or to incorrectdrawing. The clasper of atlantis fig.36, also much resembles those of cyaeleand aphrodite, but has the hook longerand nearer the clasp. The figure of the

androconia of these three species, plate46, figs. I2, 3, 14, are also very similar,and, taken in connection with the clasp-ers, do not lead one to suppose that verymuch help will be given in deciding therelationship of nearly allied species inthis genus by a microscopic exami-nation. The claspers of A. myrina,bellona, and montinus, plate 33, figs.35, 38, 4z, all included by Scudder inthe genus t]renlhis, show a generalsimilarity of form inter se, with the sameminor differences as those of cybele,a23hrodite and atlantis. I at first sup-posed that some difference might befound in the scales clothing the medianveins in the males, but on examinationwith a powerthl lens idalia is the onlyNorth American species in which theraising is conspicuous, though in somespecimens of atlantis and aphrodite,and others, it is clearly perceptible.The tuft of silky hairs on the subcostalnerve is present in the males of all thelarger species that I have examined, andis very conspicuous in idalia, but Ihave not found it in the smaller specieswhich have been separated under thegenus renthis.A. idalia and A. diana are two of

the most beautiful species in the wholegenus, and may be said to form the bestlinks between those species of EasternAsia, which end the Palaearctic series,and the American species, which areisolated from them. A. diana has thesexes more different than any exceptsagana, and if the genus was dividedinto groups would be another instanceof an American species having its

10 .PS/’C./-]E. February x89o.

nearest affinities in Northeastern Asia whilst aphrodite, which is unmentionedand Japan, of which we have several by Geddes in his lists of north-westernamong the plants of the Alleghany butterflies in Canadian entomologist"Mountains. vols. 15, p. 22, 16, p. 56 and 224, isA. aphrodite, A. cybele, A. alcestis, stated by Scudder and Edwards to occur

A. cyjris A. halcyone.mThis is a at Edmonton. Either such experiencedgroup of species or forms which are ex- collectors as Morrison and Geddes didtremely hard to define, and though nor know ahrodite when they saw itEdwards and Scudder, and most other out of its usual range, or Scudder andNorth American entomologists, agree Edwards are mistaken. Though itin keeping them separate, I think it is seems undoubted that typical easternvery difficult, if not impossible, to specimens of these species can beidentify them unless you know their distinguished (for the points ofdifferencehabitat. I have a pretty good series see Scudder, p. 566), yet the differencesof all except cypris, which must be are so slight that it may not be possiblevery close to, if not identical with, to identify western specimens with onealcestis, and judging by the character or the other, and this difficulty seems toof the median veins in the fore wing of have been got over in Edwards’ casethe male, by the color and pattern of by creating other species, such asthe under side, which are the best alceslis, cypris, and halcyone, whichcharacters I know by which to define cannot be identified with any certaintythe species, I am certainly inclined to from his figures or descriptions; andfollow Strecker rather than Edwards. which, notwithstanding all that hasThere have been so many mistakes been written upon them, must remain,made in identifying these species by as far as I can see, species dubiae"collectors that their geographical distri- to those who have not specimensbution is not very easy to follow out; identified by their author at hand forthough Mr. Scudder’s maps are useful, reference.they are by no means infallible, and the 4. leto is a species which, thoughnorthern andwestern range of aphrodite undoubtedly nearly allied to cybele, isand cybele is certainly not defined at fully as distict from it as nokomis, andpresent. I received from Morrison a may be regarded as its Pcific coastpair of cybele from Montana, which form, in the same way as okomisis theagree with those taken by Geddes in form of the dry central plateau of thethe Northwest Territory of Canada, continent. Though the male is notnear Edmonton, being smaller than very different from the male of cybelethose from the eastern states. Accord- yet the female, which on the upper sideing to Scudder and Edwards, however, is hardly distinguishable fro,n the fe-cybele does not occur in Montana, and males of nokomis and nolocris, isthe Edmonton habitat is quite isolated; marked by the strong contrast between

February 89o. PSYCtt2 311

the deep chocolate, almost black, ofthe base and inner area of the wingsand the pale yellowish color of the area.Its rge extends along the Pacific coastfrom Ccnll’il California to WashingtonTerritory, and it is recorded also byGcddes fiom Fort Macleod, in the North-western Territory of Canada, on theeastern side of the mountains. Those Ihave fl’om Washington Territory areconsiderably darker at the base of thehind wings than others froln PlulnaScotnty, California and I shoul(1 notbe at all SUrl)rised if a large series fi’omdiflk’rent localities were to show fi)rmsintermediate both with cybele a(l oko-IS.A. careleri is unknown to me, ex-

cept fl’oln the description, which seemsto point to a form of cyaele. It was de-scribed from two males and one felnaletaken by I)r. Carpenter in New Mexicoat a high elevation above the timberline, and is saidby Mr. Edwards to beof the size of atla,zlis and near

A. eokomis and ,itocris are regardedby Mr. Edwards, in his last catalogue,as distinct;he cites, however, Strecker’sfigure of noko,,is female in Ruflher’sreport, as an aberration ofThis is just one of those cases whichprove how difficult it is to follow Ed-wards’s authority in such lnatters. It sohappens that have two excellent pairsof nokomis fl’om Arizona, sent by Mr.H. Edwards, xvhich exactly agree withMead’s figure cited by Edwards. havealso a pair of ,aHocris the male fromUtah, sent by Mr. Strecker, the femalefl’om Arizona, agreeing with it so

marked by Mr. H. Edwards. "I thinkthis species passes as A. ,ailocris, fe-male." It difl}ers fi’om eokomis in havingtle under side of hind wing to the secondrow of spots cinnamon-color, as in W-be/e, and is exactly intermediate between,okois and /e[o. The specimen fig-ured by Strecker in Ruflher’s report,hnd cited by Edwards as an aberrationof nokomiS, is, to my eye, much morelike [eto than it is to zilocrz or zokomis;and Mr. Strecker’s remarks are as tbl-lows :’l’he prescott two examplesfrom Colorado differ notably fi’om alIthose fi’om Arizona in the tbllowingparticulars: On under surfhce the redcolor of prinaries is darker, and coversevenly the whole wing except tovwu’dand at the apex on the secondaries thewhole space interior to the second ofthe two outer rows of silver spots, whichin the Arizona examples is powderedgreyish green, is deep reddish brown,nearly of the same color as in the femaleaphrodite, or the male of leto; theyare larger than most of those I have seenfrom Arizona. O the upper side itpresents no differences. I have alwayscontended that okomis was a pale ab-normal form of cybele, of which we haveso many other instances in the speciesfi’om the dry salt regions of Utah andArizona, and these intermediate exam-ples fi-on Colorado, with their dark red-dish under sides, seen to strengthen myopinion. I canbut regret that no maleswere captured (unless the following bereally its male)*, as I consider this is*This is put down cybele by Mr. Strecker, who is

astonished at receiving it trom Colorado, and is strongly

PSYCItE. February 189o.

by far the most interesting insect in timwhole collection."A. aphrodite is a very vide-ranging

species, which varies enough in the\Vestern States to have received at leastthree names, for I cannot see how todistinguish alcestis or halcyone in theperfect state, though Edwards says thelarva of a[cesNs is different, and placesha@cone in a different subgroup withcoronis, ca@lSe, and eclardsi, onaccount of the larger and more egg-shaped form of the silver spots on theunder side. When, however, a goodseries is compared together (I have six-teen males and twelve females of thisgroup fl’om wu’ious States), I cannotsee that his supposd distinctions are con-stat, and though na.sicaa, of whichI have four males and five females, takenby Messrs. ttulst and Morrison, is dis-tinctly of a deeper red on the upper sur-thee than any of the rest, yet its underside, like that of ha{cyone, has nothingsufficiently marked to distinguish it. Mr.Edwards perhaps vould say that lnyhaZcyone, which were sent by Mr.Strecker, and taken near Denver, arenot true to name; but what else canthey be from that locality It only showsthat if a describer of insects does notmake his descriptions sufficiently com-parative and clear to be followedby others, he must not be surprised ifothers refuse to accept them. Larvalcharacters alone, which are liable tovary like those of the perfect insect, andwhich cannot be easily compared by

inclined to the belief that it is the rnalc of the abovedescribed form of nokomis.

others, are not i my opinion sufficient.With regard to M. nausicaa, however,

I see a point not alluded to by Mr.Edwards, which may be sufficient toseparate it, namely, the much lessabundant and shorter tuft of hairs onthe subcostal vein of the hind wing inthe males. This tuft is prominent inall males of ahrodite, alceslis" andhalcyone which I have exarnined; innausicaa it is much less conspicuousand, taken in conjunction with theisolated habitat and deeper color, isprobably enough to distinguish it.A. a/lantis is another species which

I find it uncomlnonlv difficult to decideabout, not so much when the easternform alone is before me, but when thenumerous western species or formshave to be considered. Mr. Edwardshas got over the difficulty by namingthem all separately, and Mr. Scudder,though he was not perhaps obliged tomention them in the Butterflies ofNew England,’ says nothing as to theirvery near relationship. He remarksas follows:There is no need ofconfounding this species with eitherof the preceding [aphrodite andcybele," it is smaller than they, dullerin tint above, has a blackish border toall the wings in both sexes, and morecontinuous mesialband on the uppersurface of the hind wings; the darkercolors of the under surface of hind wingsare deeper in hue than in either of them,while the buff belt is wider than thatof aphrodite and narrower than that ofcybele; the buff scales on the basalhalf of the wing also assume more ira-

trebruary ,890.’] ]"S )’Ct-IE. 3 1 3

portance th:tn in the other species; American boundary which he visited,finally the costal border of the fore wings and if this is correct, it can hardly bedoes not appear to be quite so much absent from Montana and Colorado.arched. It is possible, perhaps even But at the same time I ust say thatprobable, that this species is the true the male of so-called e[eca does notl)aPilio ahrodile of Fabricius, but as difler from the female as does anotherit is quite impossible to be certain of male from Colorado (sent by Mr. H.it, tle nanes ought to stand as given Edwards as heslSeris) in having theby Mr. W. It. Edwards, who first silver spots of the under side partiallyclearly distinguished the species in this obsolete. If, therefore, hes.erLr anddifficult group. The species were allanlis, which are placed next to each_

still cow,founded in the British Museum, other by Med, and stated to occur atafter tle publication of Butler’s Fabri- the sane elevation in Colorado, runclan butterflies, as I myself saw, and into each other, as they seem to do,notwithstanding Butler’s relnarks on we are led into the beliet" that

p. oS of that work." Its distribution, is liable, in the west, to tle disappear-according to Mr. Scudder, is much the ance of the silver spots, which takessame as that of cj/bele and aphrodite, place ill other Alnerican and Europeanbut extedsto Newfoundland, Labrador, species" and then there is no reasonand the Iludson Bay _l’erritory on why some of the forms which occur onMead’s authority he also gives Colorado, the Pacific States, such asbut Edwards calls the form tound should not also belong to at/anlis.here elecla, which also ranges into do not say that the3,’ are so 1)ecause itNew Mexico and Montana. Whether would be unwise to do so withoutthis is the same or not I cannot be knowing thmn in nature better thancertain, as the description of elecla in or any living American naturalist does;’Field and Forest’ is inaccessible; but but on the other hmd can see nothingI have a pair from Colorado, given me in the writings and figures of Mr.by Mr. Holland (which are named Edwards to prove the contrary, orelecta, 1 believe, by Mr. Edwards), enable others to distinguish them.and a female fiom S. W. Colorado, A. colmbia It. Edw., was by himtaken by Morrison, which I cannot considered as so near to allalis thai:separate fi’om at/antis. Mead alsogives it might be only a variety of it. Ita clue to the correctness of this identifi- was described from four males takencal,ion with atlan.lis by mentioning the at Lahache, near the Alaskan borderstrong musky odor of the Colorado of British Columbia, and there isspecies, a peculiarity of allanNs to nothing in the description worthy ofwhich Scudder calls attention. Geddes note but, when going through Mr.says that aNanlis occurs in all parts of Edwards’s collection, I noted it as similarthe Rocky Mountains north of the to hesiberis.

314 PSYCHE. [February 80o.

A. [a[s, of which I have seven of thespecitnens ffon Red-deer River, fromwhich the species was described, seemsto me very near allarelis, but separableby the smaller size, paler color, andapparently by the less raised scalesof the submedian veins in the male.

dwards hovever, says it is of thesize of a[lati.v and stan(ts betweenthat a(l ahrodile. Ged(tes does nottell us how to (tistiguish them, bntsays that it was found on the prairiesabout, Fort Edmonton, while atlaisoccurred in the mountains.A. corois is a species which seems to

have a very wide range west of theRocky Mountain,s, ad varies a gooddeal, l)tt may be recognized in mostof its forms by the large ovoid silverspots of the under side of the hind wing.It is apparently most nearly allied toedward&i, with its forms xevadesis andnea(gii, but these diflSr in the longer,narrower shape of the fore wing, anddo not seem to be fi.)nd on the Pacificcoast. There occur, however, in Neva(laforms whicl are described as aura and,naca’ia, of which [ have authenticspecimens fi’(m Mr. H. Edwards, andwhicl, by their under sides, seem to becorois; whilst chilo,ze, also sent byMI’. H. Edwards ii’orn Nevada, does notagree with W. H. Edwards’s descriptionon the under side, and is nearer to neva-de,sis.

None of these names ca, in myopinion, be retained except as syno-nyms, though they are all three kept upin Mr. W. It. Edwards’s 889 Cata-logue as distinct species.

Whether edwartsi, nevadensis, andmeact.ii are distinct is a more doubtfidquestion. Certainly meadii, whichhave taken in the Yellowstone Park,looks very diflbrent fi’om the large ed-wart.s’i of Colora(to, but [ have somefrom Motana, taken by Morrison, andfi’om the N. W. Territory of Canada byGeddes named nevalensLr, which areperfectly itermediate in size and color;whilst others, sent by Strecker as[easis fl’om Colorado, resenbletite in the color of their hid wings be-low. Mead says :--The three closelyallied species, edwar[sz’, xez,deusis,and meatii seem to be related to eachother in much the same way as the eas-tern ahrodile, wbele, and allazlis.In egwa’dsi the pale submarginal bandbelow is narrower, and sometimesalmost obsolete, as in aphrodite: and itranges up to greater elewttions than ne-vale,zsis, which has this bad compara-tively broad in both sexes, as we see itin cyaele. 3ea{ii diflbrs fi’om either intint, especially the male; it is some-what smaller, and probably, liketis, is exclusively confined to the moun-tains. The peculiar bright green color-ation of the under side of secondariesin meadii, however, la:s no parallelamong our fi’itillaries."A. calliope is, in its typical ibrm,

which occurs’all through the lowlands ofCalifornia, t very distinct species; bueliliana is, according to Mr. H.wards, intermediate between it and cor-onis, and the specimen which he sentme as typical of it does not agree withthose whic} Mr. Godman and I took

February I89o.] t’ST’CHE. 315

abundantly near Los Angeles, some ofwhich Mr. H. Edwards afterwardsnamed liliaea, though I should certain-ly call them calliiSpe.A. semiramis, again, is a South Cali-

fornian form, which has been taken byMr. right in the mountains separatingthe San lernadino Valley fi’om theMohave Desert, aud of which i havesix specimens fi’Oln him, as it xvas notyet out when I visited these mountainsin May, I888. To ,ny eye it is nothingmore than a for,n of coroJeis, in whichthe black markings on the upper sidehave become paler and more reduced,as miglt be expected from the aridcharacter of the country where it isfound. Edwards says:’It is curioushow the markings resemble two such{listinct species as adiazte (upper side)and coro,is (lower site)."The species allied to monticola, name-

ly zere,e and bre#z,eri, have puzzledme quite as much as Edwards, Strecker,and others, and I do not see how thedifficulties of their synonymy can everbe cleared up;but I can only say that,if I have not succeeded in arrangingthem correctly, it is not fi’om idleness orcarelessness, but on account of the ira.-possibility of identifying species or formsdescribed i such a way as these havebeen. Many of the names cannot becertainly identified, and had better bedropped. I think, however, that threemore or less distinct forms can be recog-nized among the very numerous speci-mens which I have tom the PacificStates. These are a larger form mo#-ticola, and a smaller form, which both

Messrs. H. and W. H. Edwards callzere,ze, Bdv. These both vary extreme-ly on the under side, but in uoulicola,the males occasionally, ad the femalesusually have more or less silvery spots;whilst in zereue the dnller and palercolor of the under side is vithout anysilver except on the marginal row.These distinctions, however, are basedupon Californian specimens, mostly fi’omthe Shasta district ttlld according toEdwards’s opinion in 879 (seeEt. p. 55-56), do not apply to Nevadaspecimens, tie then consideredcola to l)e only a ww. of zereee, but putthem down as two species in his cata-logue of 884. Further north, in thedamper climate ofOrego, and ashing-ton "l’erritory, as also COlnmonly in Van-couver’s Island, a darker form, brem-ueri occurs, vhich on the under side iswell spotted with silver in both sexes,and might be considered as the Pacificcoast form of atlantis but in the speci-mens taken on Mount Hood by Morrison(rhodoe Edw.), and also occasionallyin Vancouver the silver is absent andthese specimens might well be consid-ered as a northern and darker form of

A. hipolyta, which is also kept upby its author as a species is describedwithout reference to its allies, and seemsto be something intermediate betweenheseris and sonic form of zere,ae ormonlicola. Its locality would indicatethat it may be nearer to them than to al-lautis. It was described fl’om fourmales and one female only.*

*Mr. Strecker informs’ that hflSlol.yta was de-

316 t’SYCHE. [February 89o.

A. adiaute is a form which bothStrecker and Edwards consider distinct,and which appears to bevery local. Onthe coast of California, according toStrecker’s intbrmation, it is now extinct,and all the male specimens (I have seenno females) in Mr. Godman’s and mycollection were evidently taken manyyears ago. But, though the markingson the under side are nearly obsolete insome cases, and in all faint comparedwith those of zere,ze or molicola, yetthey seem to be quite identical, and Ishould certainly be inclined to set itdown as a variety of one of those species.This is just a case in which one wouldbe guided by the opinion of local collec-tors, but neither Mr. H. Edwards or anyone else of late years seems to have men-tioned this species, and the opinions heldtwenty-five years ago, when Dr. Behrwas an active collector, are not conclu-sive.

The intricacy and confusion of no-menclature among the next group ofArgynnides, which inhabit the RockyMountains and Pacific States, is as greatas atnong the last, but I have in this casefollowed Edwards’s identifications ofBehr’s and Boisduval’s species, whichare supported by the named specimenssent me by Mr. H. Edwards, rather thanthe arrangement of Strecker’s Catalogue,which makes mo,tivaa and egleisvarieties of zerene, Bdv. I cannot, how-ever, follow Edwards in separating

scribed fl’om small exanples of bremner[, givenby Mr. O. B. Johnson of Oregon, to Mr. Dodge, of Ne-braska, who gave them to Mr. W. I-I. Edwards. Someof the same catch and lot also given to Mr. Strecker.

clio and arlonis from eurynome, andGeddes, who took them in the NorthernRocky Mouutains, agrees with me inconsidering them as synonyms. As toopis and Discho, I am more doubtful,having seen but fev specimens; but inthese, as well as in Edwards’s figures Ican see no specific characters, and shouldconsider them as northern varieties,differing only, as might be expected, inrather smaller size and duller coloration.Whether monttvara and its var. effleisare really distinct fl’om euryuome andits varieties is hard to say; they seem tohave the fore wings rather longer andthe underside less tinged with green:they may, perhaps, best be treated as thewest coast representative of euTnome.Edwards says of elet’s ( Can. ent. v. 2,P" 54) that whatever the variation inother respects (and he allows it to bevery variable), the spots of the secondand third rows on the under side of hindwings are heavily edged with black onthebasal side. But I have specimens ofmonlivaa, collected by Morrison inNevada (of which sixty were also exam-ined by Edwards), and others fl’om theSierra Nevada, California, named mon-tivaoa by H. Edwards and Strecker,which have the same character, and insotne specimens of eury,zome taken bymyself in Yellowstone Park, the sameblack edging is more or less perfect.

I have also specimens ofarge, Streck.from Strecker and Mr. Holland, bothfrom Spokane Falls and California whichare undoubtedly the same as erina,which was described in 883 as a vat. ofeurynome by Edwards, and in his Cata-

Ft/bruary 89o. t’S2C[]E. 317

logue of 1884 is put down as a variety ofmoNvaga. If, therefore, he is himselfso uncertain of the true position of theseforms, he cannot expect others to tbllowhim blindly, and though many yearsmust elapse before any certain conclu-sion will be come to, I veture to thinkthat the arrangement I have adoptedrepresents the facts shown by my col-lectioa, including about fifty specimensfrom all the States vhere tlae speciesoccurs and from many of the collectionswhich supplied his own materials. Ifit should eventually prove that the

cific coast form is not separable fromthe Rocky Mountain form montivaga,it may be better to use the name eury-tzome in preference to mo.ztivaa oregrleis because both l/ehr’s and Boisdu-val’s descriptions which have priorityover Edwards’s, can only be identifiedwith doubt. My specimens ofvaa and eleis, all come fi’om theSierra Nevada, and not fi’om the Mr.Shasta district, where monticola and itsvats. are so abundant; but loca’l infor-mation as to their distribution, in this,as in the other cases, is very deficient.

1NSEC’rS oF BERMUDA. The BermudaIslads by Professor Angelo tteilprin con-rains chapters on the insects, arachnidaand myriopods of the Bermudas by Drs. P.R. Uhler, George Marx and the late Mr. C.H. Bollman. Dr. Uhler considers the speciesalready tbund as almost entirely Nearctic incha,’acte," but anticipates the discovery ofmultitttdes of Neotropical forms. He doesnot enumerate the hymenoptera, lepidoptera,and coleoptera and his lists of the hemiptera,hom0ptera, pseudoneuroptera, dermapteraand diptera include but fifteen species or lessthan half the number recorded in Mr. J.MattbewJones’s "Visitors Guide to Bermu-da." Dr. 1Marx mentions seventeen speciesof spiders, describing Lycosa allanlica as new.llr. Bollman notes ulus moreleti, Siro-bolus heiljri.i n. sp., Mecistoce]bhalus guild-i,gii, Scoloezdra subsjiies anti Litkobiuslaidicola as all the myriopods that have beenreported from the Berrnuda Islands.

DESCRIPTIO1R" O1* Tile LARVA OF MEGALO-I)AC1NE ’ASCIA’I’A, FABR.--- COLOR. Bodysordid white, with the patches on the seg-ments above piceous; head light brown,mandibles piceous.

HEAD subglobose, small, smooth, shining.CYPLEUS transverse, about five times as

broad as long.LABRUM somewhat narrower than the

clypeus and about twice as long, anteriormargin straight vith a series of strong hairsangles rounded; sides slightly oblique.MANDIBLES short and thick with the apex

strongly bifid.ANTENNAE very short; two jointed; first

joint short, and about three times as broadas long; second joint more slender and abouttwice as long asb,’oad with the apex some-what rounded.MAXtLLAE elongate, rounded at the apex

with hairs and a few bristle-like short tub-ercles.MAXILLARY PALPI three jointed first joint

much broader than long; second joint, lesswide; third joint more slender and longer.LAUIUM subcordate, apex rouuded; base

much broader.LABIAL PALPI tWO jointed first joint, short,

thick, twice as broad as long; second jointmore slender, broader at the base than apexand about twice as long as broad.BODY elongate, segments all about equal

width and length except the first which is

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