European Art 1700-1950

Artists, movements, and significant pieces

Francisco Goya

• 1746-1828• Court painter for

Spanish Royal Family, makes them look foolish

• Disillusioned by human nature, turns dark in subject matter

The Family of Charles IV

Francisco Goya

• Compare these two paintings by Goya

• One took several years to complete, one took several weeks.

• “The first totally profane life-size female nude in Western art". - Licht

La Maja Desnuda

La Maja Vestida

Francisco Goya

The Third of May, 1808

Francisco Goya

Saturn Devouring His SonThe Colossus

Jacques Louis David

• 1748-1825• French neo-classicist• Supporter of parts of

French Revolution• Returns from exile

under Napoleon

Death of Marat

Jacques Louis David

The Oath of the Horatii The Death of Socrates

Jacques Louis David

Coronation of Empress Josephine

Jacques Louis David

• Official court painter to Napoleon’s empire

Napoleon in His Study

Romanticism

Caspar David Friedrich

• 1774-1840• German Romantic

painter• Nature is a character in

the paintings

The Cross in the Mountains

Caspar David Friedrich

Abbey Graveyard under Snow

Caspar David Friedrich

The Sea of Ice

Wanderer Above a Sea of Fog

Gericault

• 1791-1824

• Romantic painter

The Raft of the Medusa

J. M. W. Turner• 1775-1851• Landscape painter,

started transition into impressionism

Rain Steam and Speed: the Great Western Railway

Sunset

J. M. W. Turner

Dido Building Carthage

J. M. W. Turner

The Grand Canal

Eugene Delacroix• 1798-1863• French Romantic• Trended into exoticism• Late works influenced

impressionists

The Lion Hunt

The Women of Algiers in their Apartments

Eugene Delacroix

Liberty Leading the People

An Interesting Transition

Ingres• 1780-1867• Last Neoclassicist• Perfected realistic painting

La Grande Odalisque

Ingres

Louise de Broglie Princesse Albert de Broglie

Gustave Courbet• 1819-1877• Pioneer of Realist school of painting

The Stonebreakers

Gustave Courbet

The Artist’s Studio: A Real Allegory

Impressionism

Manet• 1832-1883• Pivotal figure in

transition from Realism to Impressionism

Music in the Tuileries

A Bar at the Folies-Bergere

Manet

Luncheon on the Grass

Manet• Compare to Ingres’

Odalisque• Frank depiction of the

female nude caused a scandal

• Nude is not goddess or classical figure, engages the viewer honestly

Olympia

Monet• 1840-1926• Founder of

Impressionism• Expressing one’s

perceptions before nature

• Worked with light and seasons

Rouen Cathedral, Full Sunlight, Harmony in Blue and Gold, 1893

Monet

Impression, Sunrise

Monet

Fishing Boats Leaving the Harbor, Le Havre Saint Lazare Station

Wheatstacks, End of Summer Water Lilies (The Clouds)

Renoir• 1841-1919• Impressionist, figures fuse together

Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette

Seurat• 1859-1891• Pointillism (Neo-impressionism)

Sunday Afternoon on the Isle of La Grande Jatte

Degas• 1834-1917• Impressionist, disliked the term• Human body in contemporary settings

The Dancing Class

Absinthe

Post-Impressionism

Cezanne• 1839-1906• Bridge from impressionism to Cubism

Bathers at Rest Large Bathers

Cezanne

Apples, Peaches, Pears, and Grapes

Gaugin• 1848-1903• Leading post-impressionist

Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?

Gaugin

Tahitian Women on the Beach

Van Gogh

• 1853-1890• Post-impressionism or

expressionism• Influenced by

impressionists• Friends with Gaugin

Self Portrait, 1889

Van Gogh

Starry Night The Night Cafe

Van Gogh

Still Life: Vase with 12 Sunflowers The Café Terrace on the Place du Forum, Arles, at Night

Munch• 1863-1944• Suffering and anxiety• Expressionism

The Scream

The Dance of Life

Picasso

• 1881-1973• Multi-talented• Blue period (right)• Father of cubism

The Old Guitarist

Picasso

Les Demoiselles d’Avignon

Picasso

Guernica

Picasso

Three Musicians

Joan Miro• 1893-1983• Early Surrealist

Personage Throwing a Stone at a Bird

Dali• 1904-1989• Surrealist

• Influenced by Renaissance Masters

Christ of Saint John of the CrossFigure at Window

Dali

Soft Composition with Boiled Beans: Premonition of Civil War

Cannibalism in Autumn

Dali

Slave Market With Disappearing Bust of Voltaire

Magritte

• 1898-1967• Surrealist• Time Transfixed

Time Transfixed

Magritte• Compare to Jacques-Louis

David’s original

Perspective: Madame Recamier by DavidMadame Recamier

Duchamp• 1887-1968• Dadaist

FountainNude Descending a Staircase

Vassily Kandinsky• 1866-1944

• Abstract expressionist• Color, non-representational art

Composition VII