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+European

Conflict: The Cold War

Teacher: MRS. MOODY

Learning Target 1: I can explain what was the Cold War and who were the main players in it

Class Begins @ 10:05

Interesting Fact: During the Cold War, USSR thought that the heavily trafficked building in the center courtyard of the Pentagon was a top-secret meeting room and pointed nukes at it. It was a hot dog stand.

Learning Target 2: I can describe what the Berlin Wall represented.

This week we are working in

study island and OLS only.

Join us for SI competition this Friday at 11am!

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!  Please click the “Green Check Mark” if you can hear my voice.

!  Please click the “Red X” if you can not hear my voice.

If you can NOT hear my voice, please try the following:

- Make sure any external computer speakers are plugged in to the headphone or speaker jack on your computer, plugged into a power source and turned on

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- Click on Session on the menu bar above, and choose Connection Speed. Choose a slower speed for your connection (higher on the list = slower)

Can You Hear Me?

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Georgia Performance Standard

SS6H7 The student will explain conflict and change in Europe to the 21st century.

What type of small business economy is pictured here?

+ACTIVATE

YOUR BRAIN

+ACTIVATE

YOUR BRAIN

+Top Secret Word: Be listening for this session’s top secret word to earn a potential prize for Social Studies. You will submit the top secret word in your attendance survey at the end of class.

Our winners from last week are:

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Last months of WWII & Beyond

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Yalta Agreement •  The “Big 3” (Churchill GB, Stalin USSR, and Roosevelt

USA) meet at Yalta •  The USSR agrees to enter the war in the Pacific. •  Stalin demands control of Eastern Europe but makes

vague promises to allow free elections in the future.

Churchill, Roosevelt, and

Stalin pose with leading Allied

officers at the Yalta Conference, 1945.

+One Year Later…

"  By 1946, Stalin had declared that there would be no lasting peace with capitalism.

"  At this time, he controlled Eastern Europe and refused to hold elections in Poland.

"  Truman, mindful of Munich, took a tough approach to dealings with Stalin.

??What about Munich??

1946 Stalin gave a speech stating communism & capitalism were

incompatible & that another war inevitable.

+ Iron Curtain Speech

"  March 5, 1946, Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill gave a speech at a Westminster College in Missouri in which he warned of growing Soviet Power.

"  Some consider this speech a declaration of Cold War pitting East vs. West.

"From Stettin in the

Baltic to Trieste in the

Adriatic, an iron curtain

has descended across

the continent."

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Cold War

+ Truman Doctrine

•  In the Spring of 1947, it looked as though Communist forces may overthrow the governments of Greece and Turkey.

•  Truman asked congress for aid packages to prevent this from happening. This becomes known as the Truman Doctrine.

“I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.” --Harry S. Truman, 1947

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+ Marshall Plan

#  Convinced that all of Europe was susceptible to Communism because of the economies were in shambles, the US pledged a massive aid program totaling $17 Billion.

#  It worked: Western Europe Recovered and Communism did not take root.

The labeling used on Marshall Plan aid packages

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Division of Germany $  After World War II, Germany was split into East and

West Germany, as punishment for starting the war. $  East Germany was controlled by the Soviet Union

and became a communist nation. $  On the other hand,

West Germany was a capitalist nation, with an alliance with the US.

Map of Berlin after WWII

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Division of Germany $  The city of Berlin was

also split into capitalist and communist sections, even though the city was in East Germany.

$  The Soviet Union built the Berlin Wall to prevent people from moving to West Berlin.

$  East Germany continued to be heavily controlled by the Soviet Union for many years.

+ Berlin Wall %  Official figures show that

at least 136 people died trying to cross the border. People attempting to get from East to West were regarded as traitors and guards were instructed to shoot at them if they attempted to cross.

%  Construction of the Berlin Wall began on August 13 1961

%  The Berlin Wall was constructed as a way of preventing East Berliners from entering West Berlin. It was not so much a boundary for West Berliners wanting to enter the East, who were able to do so by obtaining a permit several weeks in advance.

%  The west side of the Berlin wall was covered in graffiti. The East side was not.

Berlin Air Lift

%  Berlin, was located deep in the Soviet zone.

%  June 1948, the Russians–who wanted Berlin all for themselves–closed all highways, railroads and canals from western-occupied Germany into western-occupied Berlin.

%  This, they believed, would make it impossible for the people who lived there to get food or any other supplies and would eventually drive Britain, France and the U.S. out of the city for good.

%  Instead of retreating from West Berlin, however, the U.S. and its allies decided to supply their sectors of the city from the air.

%  This effort, known as the “Berlin Airlift,” lasted for more than a year and carried more than 2.3 million tons of cargo into West Berlin.

+The Cold War Notes

%  How did it start?

%  The city of Berlin –

%  Defections –

%  Building the Wall –

%  The Wall Being Torn Down –

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Cold War &  Following WWII, the

United States and the Soviet Union struggled for political control throughout the world.

&  These tensions were impacted by the hugely different political ideologies of capitalism, embraced by the United States, and communism, embraced by the Soviet Union.

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Cold War "  Competition between these countries was

heightened by their status as the only remaining superpowers in the world.

"  Because of this, their interactions greatly impacted the post-war years during a period known as the Cold War.

"  U.S. saw Soviet Union as threat to their way of life

"  USSR thought they had won WWII – Lost most lives – Wanted to gain land as prize – Saw U.S. as threat

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Cold War $  Joseph Stalin was the head of

the Soviet government during the early years of the Cold War.

$  He is most known for working to make the Soviet Union more industrial.

$  However he prevented countries under Soviet influence from agreeing to any help from other nations, that would result in decreased Soviet control of the countries of the Eastern Bloc.

Joseph Stalin

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Lipstick Fires Bullet

Shoe Records

Conversations

Tree Stump Sends

Messages

Give a Green Check when you have

read about these cool Spy Tools!

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The Space Race $  The superpowers competed with each other in

many areas, including the military arms race & the space race.

$  The arms race prevented the U.S. and the Soviets from attacking each other, since both countries feared the results of a nuclear war. +

The Space Race $  The space race had early victories for the Soviet

Union, as they were the first nation to launch the first satellite in orbit (Sputnik 1) and the first man in space (Yuri Gagarin).

$  However, the United States sent Neil Armstrong to the moon in 1969, the first time a person had landed on the moon.

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Collapse of Communism $  In Poland in 1980, an anti-

communist trade union called "Solidarity" formed.

$  It was the first time a non-communist group was allowed to exist in a Soviet-controlled country.

$  In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union & was the last head of state of the U.S.S.R. Gorbachev made efforts to reform the Soviet government & give new freedoms to people. Mikhail Gorbachev

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Collapse of Communism $  In December 1991, the

Soviet Union was replaced by the Russian Federation. Fifteen Nations gained independence from Russia, including Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Belarus.

$ Boris Yeltsin was the first president of Russia after the Soviet Union fell. Boris Yeltsin

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Collapse of Communism $  These new freedoms allowed people to start new

political parties and change the government. $  Nations that had been under Soviet influence were

now able to reform—East and West Germany were able to unify, Czechoslovakia was able to separate peacefully, during the Velvet Divorce into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, and Poland was able to shift its government into a democracy.

COMMUNISM

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Reunification of Germany $  In 1989, the communist country of Hungary

opened its border to Austria. $  Austria was a capitalist country. This allowed

people to escape to West Germany without being blocked by the Berlin Wall.

$  Months later, protests began in East Germany.

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Reunification of Germany $  In November 1989,

the Berlin Wall was destroyed.

$  This marked the end of the Cold War for many people.

$  It was also the end of a divided Germany. In October 1990, East and West Germany officially reunified.

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VISUAL VOCABULARY: an authoritarian and

nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization

SSMICFA

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Independent Practice!

Now, it is your turn to show what you learned. Please log into the Study Island and earn a blue ribbon. Have you completed your previous Social Studies Pathways in

Study Island? Work on it as well if you have not (:

6.4 Social Studies Pathways Due Feb 29th

Thank you Leap year for the extra day!

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