• European monarchies form the Quadruple Alliance to

suppress democratic revolutions

• Newly independent nations of Latin America gain the

sympathy of the American people

• Britain and U.S. are alarmed at Russian expansionist aims• Britain proposes to issue a joint statement with the U.S. against intervention in Latin

America• U.S. issues the Monroe

Doctrine

• European monarchies defeat Napoleon in 1815

• Simon Bolivar and Jose San Martin lead the independence

movement in the Latin American colonies and

overthrow Spain• Russian tsar announces in 1821 that his empire extends

south into Oregon• British fear that the

Quadruple Alliance may try to suppress Latin American

democracies• Sec. Of State John Q. Adams

advises that the U.S. issue an independent statement

opposing intervention in Latin American

monroe doctrine

• British and U.S. leaders decided they had a common interest in protecting North and South American from the possible aggression of a European power

• British initiative – British Foreign Secretary George Canning

suggested to Richard Rush, U.S. minister in London, the idea of issuing a joint Anglo-American warning to the European powers not to intervene in South America

• American response–Secretary of State John Quincy Adams

believed that joint action with Britain would restrict U.S. opportunities for further expansion in the hemisphere• If the U.S. acted alone, Britain could be counted

upon to stand behind U.S. policy• No European power would risk going to war in

South America, and if it did, the British navy would surely defeat the aggressor

• Claimed by the US, Great Britain and Russia

• Russia was claiming California too

Rush-Bagot 1818

monroe doctrine

• Aimed at European Powers in the

Quadruple Alliance: Russia, Prussia, Austria

and Great Britain.• Also a response to the collapse of the Spanish empire in the Americas and our recent history with Great Britain and

France.• Keep European monarchies out of the Western

Hemisphere.• Their government systems are foreign to the U.S.

• Referred to as America’s Self Defense Doctrine.

• It is a continuation of President Washington’s neutrality and

isolationist policies.• Past problems with Europe led

the US to declare the Americas off-limits to Europe

US protector of new democracies in the Western Hemisphere

No European Colonization in the Americas

US will stay out of European

affairs

Monroe Doctrine

US recognized existing

European Colonies

Western Hemisphere or the Americas.

• New Latin American

countries were formed from successful revolutions.

• US protector of new

democracies in the Western Hemisphere