european security security definitions and the main dilemmas dr. arūnas molis 22 april, 2014...
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European security
Security definitions and the main dilemmas
Dr. Arūnas Molis22 April, 2014
Tallinn
Content:
Changing understanding of security
Most relevant security concerns
Secure-insecure regions
Security according Europeans
When do you feel secure?
Approaches towards security
Traditional (rational, conventional):
Security is a state of order which could be reached by eliminating threats using military and non-military instruments
Post-modern:
Security is socially constructed and gets its meaning only in a certain social context
What kind of security?
Global or international security (global poverty, terrorism)
National security (weapons of mass destruction)
Security of each individual person (safety of food, water, etc.)
What is changing security understanding?
Military conflicts The growth of new powers (states,
NGO’s, interests groups, terrorists, etc.)
Climate change Population or energy caused stress Instable global economic system Weakness of democratic institutions Increased reliance on critical infrastructures Global poverty
“Hard”, “soft” and “human” security
Hard security military and state-centered involves the use of force
Soft security Non-military and not necessarily state-centric Protection of the system and its users from harm, in
gentle and unobtrusive ways Non-violance, convincement, social control
Human security security of individuals and the communities in which
they live Elimination of life-threatening risks that emanate from
poverty, natural disasters Extension of rule-governed as opposed to war-based
security
What is at stake?
Munich security conference
Main topics on the 2011 agenda:
Implications of the Financial Crisis on Global Stability and Security
Non-proliferation, Arms Control and Disarmament: What’s Next?
Cyber Security
What’s happening in the Arab World?
Global and Regional Security Challenges
Main topics on the 2014 agenda:
Rebooting Trust? Freedom vs. Security in Cyberspace
The Future of European Defence
The Middle East Peace Process
The Syrian Catastrophe
A Transatlantic Renaissance?
Global Power and Regional Stability: A Focus on CEE
Energy and Climate Security
What Season is next for the Middle East?
Global peace index 2013
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qU59B77VugQ
Security in Europe – what really matters?
Europeans on security
Different perception of security by different countries in Europe
Members of NATO
Countries pursuing policy of non-alignment
Countries annexed by USSR
Members of Warsaw Treaty Organization
Perception of threats by country
What do our documents say?
“Official” threats to European security
According to ESS (2003)
Terrorism (religious extremism, pressure of modernization, alienation of young people)
Proliferation of WMD (biological, chemical, radiological materials)
Regional conflicts (Kashmir, Great Lake region, Korean peninsula, Middle East)
State Failure (Somalia, Liberia, Afghanistan)
Organized crime (trafficking in drugs, women, illegal migrants, weapons)
“New” threats
cyber attacks energy supply
disruptions climate change piracy
Questions?