evaluation of marine renewable energy (mre) resources: the benefits of earth observation systems...
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Evaluation of Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) Resources: The Benefits of Earth Observation Systems
Evaluation of Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) Resources: The Benefits of Earth Observation Systems
1
Jean Dubranna, Thierry Ranchin
Centre Observation, Impacts, Energy, MINES ParisTech
Centre Observation, Impacts, Energy, MINES ParisTech
What are we talking about?
2Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) Technologies
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
Tidal currents
Waves
Earth Observation Systems (EOS)
Remote sensing (satellites and radars)
In-situ
Numerical models
Measurements
Main VariablesThermal energy (OTEC)
EquatorHigh latitudes High latitudes
∆T > 20°C
3Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Main VariablesHydrokinetic energy (waves - tidal currents)
Wave spectrum
Currents
Directional Non-directional
Profile Surface or Depth-averageFaster
Dee
per
Freq. (Hz)
Pow
. sp
ec.
dens
ity
(m².
s²)
4Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Wave buoys
Earth Observation Systems (EOS)
HF Radar
Satellite
On-site
Remote sensing
Numerical models
Drifting float
ADP
Fixed sensors
5Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Principle of resource assessment
Numerical models/Hindcasts
Calibration/Validation
Resource(P, Hs, Umax, Temp.)
Measurements
6Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Global OTEC resource
∆T, 0-1000m, June 2012HYCOM, 1/12°resolution
7Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Global OTEC resource
∆T, 0-1000m, June 2012
8Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Global tidal current resource
Tidal current average velocity – IRENA Global Atlas
© Noveltis
0 m/s
0,25 m/s
0,01 m/s
0,1 m/s
9Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Global wave power resource
Annual mean wave power density
Source:Gunn and Stock-Williams, 2012
10Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Relevance of EOS
Min
imu
m g
eog
rap
hic
al e
xten
t
Du
rati
on
of
the
tim
e se
ries
10km
~1km
~100m
~10m
Global
National
Régional
1 yr
5 yrs
10 yrs
20 yrs
50 yrs Site
Preliminary Stage ($)
Development Stage ($$$$)
Site characterizationEstablish detailed site-specific characteristics
for a given project
Design – Site-specific constraints
Development and O&M planification
Operation
Monitoring of resource and production
Resource/production benchmarking
Resource forecast
O&M monitoring
Sp
atia
l re
solu
tio
n
SEA-STATE HINDCASTS
Development of an MRE projectRelevance of the EOS
First order characterization of the resource
Preliminary site selection SITE-SCALE
MEASUREMENT NETWORK
HOMERE
Homere hindcast(Boudière et al. 2013)
1h Time-step/1994 to 2012
37 b
asic
var
iab
les
FRANCE
UK
Wave height
Wave period
Current velocity
…
10 km
12Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
IREMARE: end-user oriented characterization of the resource
Average wave powerNational scale
Site scale
Tidal currents
Wave power
13Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Weather
Weather
Windows
Windows
Var. Resource
Var. Resource
Tim
e Series o
f
Tim
e Series o
f
Elec. P
rod
uctio
n
Elec. P
rod
uctio
n
Wave Directional
Wave Directional
Characteristics
Characteristics
Current DirectionalCurrent Directional
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Scatter D
iagrams
Scatter D
iagrams
Technical DataPoint-specific
Roadmap for MRE resourceassessment, ~3 to 5 years
Assessment from global sea-state hindcasts – a few months – low cost
Assessment from dedicated sea-state hindcast (high resolution, ~20 year simulation) + Onsite measurements for calibration/validation – a few years – moderate costs
Extensive onsite measurement network for calibration/validation/benchmarking – Site-specific forecasting system
15Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
ACCURATE (MRE) RESSOURCE EVALUATION CAN NOT BE DISREGARDED IN THE FRAMEWORK OF AN ACTION PLAN FOR ACCELERATING UPTAKES OF RENEWABLES
16Island energy transitions: Pathways for accelerated uptake of renewablesJune 22-24, 2015
Color MapsRegional/Site scale
10 km
10 km
Techno.-specific electricity production (kWh/kW installed)