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EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment

East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 2: Coast Banksia Woodland

Description:Restricted to near coastal localities on secondary dunes behind Coastal Dune Scrub. Usually dominated by a woodland overstorey of Saw Banksia Banksia integrifolia to 15 m tall over a medium shrub layer. The understorey consists of a number of herbs and sedges, including scramblers. Soils are intermediate in calcium and iron content between the foredunes where these elements are leached from the A and B soil horizons. Soils are also intermediate in organic matter between these dune systems.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haBanksia spp.Eucalyptus spp.

50 cm70 cm

10 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name15% Banksia integrifoliaEucalyptus botryoides

Coast BanksiaBangalay

Understorey: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% IT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 5 15% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT

Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NameTree Broom-heath

MS Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-treeMS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathMS Alyxia buxifolia Sea BoxMS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaMH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedgeMTG Burchardia umbellata MilkmaidsGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower SpinachSC Muehlenbeckia adpressa Climbing Lignum

Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark

EVC 2: Coast Banksia Woodland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

Recruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:40 % cover

Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.

For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland

Description:A low, grassy or bracken-dominated eucalypt and banksia woodland or open forest to 15 m tall with a large shrub layer and ground layer rich in herbs, grasses, and orchids. Occurs mainly on old sand flats or undulating areas on moderately fertile, relatively well-drained, deep sandy or loamy topsoils over heavier subsoils (duplex soils). The subsoil of the tertiary dune systems has concretions of humus and iron rich deposits forming a coffee rock layer.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Banksia spp.

70 cm50 cm

15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana

Banksia serrata Banksia integrifolia

Rough-barked Manna GumSaw Banksia

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 5 25% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 1 15% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

EVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common Name

T Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgePS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle-headed Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Imperata cylindrica Blady GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Comesperma volubile Love CreeperSC Thysanotus patersonii Climbing Fringe-lily

Recruitment:Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass high high




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 4: Coastal Vine-rich Forest

Description:Closed to open forest to 25 m tall. Occurs only in East Gippsland and develops at the foot of slopes (often in shallow coastal gullies) which spill out onto coastal inlets or on aeolian sands on the seaward side of coastal hills which have a damp southerly aspect. The understorey has a scattered tall shrub layer and is covered with a diverse array of rainforest lianes. The groundlayer is dominated by Bracken Pteridium esculentum, tussock grasses and a wide array of herbs. This EVC is the early stages of littoral rainforest colonisation or recovery following severe wildfire.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Angophora spp.Acmena spp.

80 cm70 cm70 cm

20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus botryoidesAngophora floribunda Eucalyptus

Southern MahoganyRough-barked Apple Red Bloodwood


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 7 25% MSSmall Shrub 3 10% SSMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGGround Fern 2 10% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFScrambler or Climber 5 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 4: Coastal Vine-rich Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blue OliveberryT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Platysace lanceolata Shrubby PlatysaceMS Notelaea venosa Large Mock-oliveMS Monotoca elliptica s.l. Tree Broom-heathSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Clematis glycinoides Mountain ClematisSC Tylophora barbata Bearded TylophoraSC Cissus hypoglauca Jungle GrapeSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat Berry



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this

EVC.

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:



For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 5: Coastal Sand Heathland

Description:An open or closed coastal heathland less than 1 m tall dominated by a diverse shrub layer and a variable ground layer of sedges, lilies and grasses. The heathland is found on well-drained siliceous sands and is often wind-pruned due to extreme exposure to wind and salt-spray.

Life Forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 8 40% MSSmall Shrub 6 15% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 15% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Tea-tree

MS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-treeSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Hibbertia empetrifolia s.l. Tangled Guinea-

flowerSS Leucopogon collinus Fringed Beard-heathPS Xanthosia pusilla spp. agg. Heath XanthosiaMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander

RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Anisopogon avenaceus Oat Spear-grassMTG Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flagMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-

sedgeMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-sedgeMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedge

MNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushMNG Leptocarpus tenax Slender Twine-rushMNG Lepidosperma neesii Stiff Rapier-sedgeGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-

laurelR

ecruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:20% cover


EVC 5: Coastal Sand Heathland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion



Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.



East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 7: Clay Heathland

Description:Occurs on sites with impeded drainage, often on duplex soils. Dominated by heathy shrub species with or without an eucalypt overstorey. The ground layer is dense and diverse with a variety of landforms.

+ woodland onl y components (ignore when assessing treeless areas and standardise final score as appropriate)

Large trees+:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 40 cm 10 /

haTree Canopy Cover+:

%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus conspicua Swamp Stringybark


#Spp6

%Cover30%

LF codeMS

Small Shrub 7 20% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 8 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 5% MNGGround Fern 2 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

EVC 7: Clay Heathland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Hakea teretifolia ssp. hirsuta Dagger HakeaSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Dillwynia sericea s.l. Showy Parrot-peaSS Hibbertia empetrifolia s.l. Tangled Guinea-flowerSS Sphaerolobium vimineum s.l. Leafless Globe-peaPS Xanthosia pusilla spp. agg. Heath XanthosiaLH Euphrasia collina Purple EyebrightLH r Hybanthus vernonii ssp. vernonii Erect VioletMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Drosera pygmaea Tiny SundewLTG Anisopogon avenaceus Oat Spear-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea resinosa Spear Grass-treeLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Patersonia sericea Silky Purple-flagMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flagMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeMNG Lepidosperma neesii Stiff Rapier-sedgeMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel


Organic Litter:20% Cover


EVC.






East Gippsland Lowlands Bioregion

EVC 7_61: Treed Clay HeathlandDescription:Occurs on sites with impeded drainage, often on duplex soils. Dominated by heathy shrub species with or without an eucalypt overstorey. The ground layer is dense and diverse with a variety of lifeforms.

Large Trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 40 cm 10 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus conspicua Silver Swamp Stringybark

Understorey: Lifeform Medium Shrub Small Shrub Prostrate Shrub Large Herb Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted GraminoidMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid Ground Fern

#Spp %Cover LF Code6 30% MS7 20% SS2 1% PS2 1% LH8 10% MH2 1% SH3 5% LTG4 5% MTG4 5% MNG2 1% GF

Bryophytes/Lichens 10% BLSoil Crust 10% S/C

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Hakea teretifolia subsp. hirsuta Dagger HakeaMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Dillwynia sericea Showy Parrot-peaSS Hibbertia empetrifolia s.l. Tangled Guinea-flowerSS Sphaerolobium vimineum s.l. Leafless Globe-peaPS Xanthosia pusilla spp. agg. Heath XanthosiaLH Euphrasia collina Purple EyebrightLH r Hybanthus vernonii subsp. vernonii Erect VioletMH Drosera peltata subsp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingSH Drosera pygmaea Tiny Sundew

Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark

EVC 7_61: Treed Clay Heathland

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Anisopogon avenaceus Oat Spear-grassLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea resinosa Spear Grass-treeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flagMTG Patersonia sericea Silky Purple-flagMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicMNG Lepidosperma neesii Stiff Rapier-sedgeMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeGF Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern



Logs:5 m/0.1ha. (note: large log class does not apply).

Weediness: There are no consistent weeds in this EVC

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002.

For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186

This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 8: Wet Heathland

Description:A low, generally treeless heathland although sometimes emergent eucalypts may be present. Occurs on lower slopes, flats or depressions, which are infertile and subjected to prolonged water logging. Understorey is often dominated by a range of sedges, grasses and shrubs.

Life Forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 7 40% MSSmall Shrub 4 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 4 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 5 10% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Tea-tree

MS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Epacris obtusifolia Blunt-leaf HeathMS Comesperma ericinum Heath MilkwortSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaPS Xanthosia dissecta s.l. Cut-leaf XanthosiaMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander

RaspwortLTG Xanthorrhoea resinosa Spear Grass-treeMTG Eurychorda complanata Flat Cord-rushMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Patersonia fragilis Short Purple-flagMTG Burchardia umbellata MilkmaidsMNG Leptocarpus tenax Slender Twine-rushMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-

rushMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-

laurelR

ecruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.



EVC 8: Wet Heathland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 9: Coastal Saltmarsh

Description:Occurs on and immediately above marine and estuarine tidal flats and contains distinct floristic communities as bands or zones in the same location, depending on the positioning of the various floristic communities in relation to the saline environment. Consists of a range of life forms including succulent herbs, low succulent shrubs, rushes and sedges.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 3 10% MS

Small Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSMedium Herb 4 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 15% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCSoil Crust na 10 % S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

LF Code


Common Name

MH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Samolus repens Creeping

BrookweedSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matLNG Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea RushMNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedge

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness:

There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.

EVC 9: Coastal Saltmarsh - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 10: Estuarine Wetland

Description:Grows on anaerobic peat-rich muds on the edges of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity conditions. Vegetation is determined by fluctuating salinity, which varies in time from occasionally fresh to brackish or occasionally saline according to river flood and marine tide events. Dominated by graminoids and halophytic herbs and often fringed by a tall scrub layer of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia at the landward edge.

Life Forms: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp1

%Cover10%

LF codeMSSmall Shrub 2 5% SS

Large Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 6 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 20% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

85%

LF Code


Common NameSwamp Paperbark

MH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Juncus pallidus Pale RushLNG Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea RushMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken

Recruitment:

Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years


Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH LHMH

Cirsium vulgare Sonchus oleraceusHypochoeris radicata Plantago coronopus

Spear Thistle Common Sow-thistleCat's EarBuck's-horn Plantain Water

high h

ighhigh

high lowlow high

EVC 10: Estuarine Wetland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 11: Coastal Lagoon Wetland

Description:Occupies the margins of coastal freshwater lagoons that have formed behind the coastal dune barrier and the adjacent hills. It has several zones dependent upon water depth and persistence of inundation. Within the lagoon itself where exposure is rare, the vegetation is dominated by graminoids whereas on the lagoon margin a tall scrub layer is common.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 5 15% MS

Small Shrub 2 1% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF Code


Common NameSmooth Tea-tree

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMNG Baumea tetragona Square Twig-sedgeSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-

laurelR

ecruitment:Continuous


Weediness:


EVC 11: Coastal Lagoon Wetland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 12: Wet Swale Herbland

Description:Occupies seasonally inundated dune swales often forming between the coastal dune barrier and hinterland hills. Soils are predominantly deep peats often with aeolian sand lenses where species typical of drier environments may grow. This EVC typically consists of a range of amphibious rushes, sedges and herbs.

Life forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeSmall Shrub 1 1% SS

Large Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 7 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 25% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameRunning Marsh-flower

MH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedMH Myriophyllum simulans Amphibious Water-

milfoilMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Veronica plebeia Trailing SpeedwellSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH Asperula subsimplex Water WoodruffLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLNG Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-sedgeMTG Isolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedgeMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Imperata cylindrica Blady GrassMNG Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG e Pseudoraphis paradoxa Slender Mud-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine

Recruitment:

Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years


Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact

MHMH

Hypochoeris radicataLeontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides

Cat's EarHairy Hawkbit

highhigh

lowlow

EVC 12: Wet Swale Herbland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 13: Brackish Sedgeland

Description:Sedgeland dominated by moisture-dependent sedges with a grassy or herbaceous ground-layer. Sedges present are usually indicative of saline sites, but ground-layer is depauperate with few if any true halophytic species.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 1 1% LH

Medium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 55% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF Code


Common NameErect Marsh-flower

LH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Lobelia anceps Angled Lobelia

SH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matMNG Leptocarpus tenax Slender Twine-rushMNG Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat GrassMNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedge

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:NA


EVC 13: Brackish Sedgeland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 14: Banksia Woodland

Description:Open scrub to open woodland to 10 m tall on well-drained Quaternary and Tertiary sandy soils. The overstorey is dominated by Saw Banksia Banksia serrata, sometimes with emergent eucalypts while the understorey is shrub-rich.

Large trees:SpeciesBanksia serrata

DBH(cm)50 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Banksia serrata Saw Banksia

Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 10 25% MSSmall Shrub 7 15% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 3 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

EVC 14: Banksia Woodland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Acacia terminalis Sunshine WattleMS Acacia suaveolens Sweet WattleSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Xanthorrhoea resinosa Spear Grass-treeLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flagMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Burchardia umbellata MilkmaidsMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurelSC Cassytha phaeolasia Rusty Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 15: Limestone Box Forest

Description:Occurs on generally well developed terra rossa soils derived from Tertiary limestones that outcrop around coastal streams, gullies and lakes. Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall with a tall shrub layer understorey and a grass and herb-rich ground layer on sheltered aspects but may be almost completely bare on drier aspects.

Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus botryoidesEucalyptus baueriana Eucalyptus bosistoana

Southern MahoganyBlue BoxCoast Grey Box Red


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 15% TMedium Shrub 5 15% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 8 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGGround Fern 3 15% GFScrambler or Climber 6 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 15: Limestone Box Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Rapanea howittiana Mutton-woodT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Solanum prinophyllum Forest NightshadeMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Veronica calycina Hairy SpeedwellSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoilLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia melanocarpa Black-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Pellaea falcata s.l. Sickle FernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairSC Tylophora barbata Bearded TylophoraSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Clematis glycinoides var. glycinoides Forest Clematis



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 16: Lowland Forest

Description:Eucalypt forest to 25 m tall on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils in areas of relatively high rainfall. Characterised by the diversity of life forms and species in the understorey including a range of shrubs, grasses and herbs.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus sieberiEucalyptus globoidea Eucalyptus consideniana

Silvertop AshWhite Stringybark Yertchuk


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 10 30% MSSmall Shrub 6 15% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

EVC 16: Lowland Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Persoonia linearis Narrow-leaf GeebungMS Acacia myrtifolia Myrtle WattleMS Acacia terminalis Sunshine WattleSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsSS Hibbertia empetrifolia s.l. Tangled Guinea-flowerSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Scaevola ramosissima Hairy Fan-flowerMH Opercularia aspera Coarse StinkweedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flagMTG Hierochloe rariflora Cane Holy-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha phaeolasia Rusty Dodder-laurelSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 18: Riparian Forest

Description:A tall forest along river banks and associated alluvial terraces with occasional occurrences in the heads of gullies leading into creeks and rivers. The soil is fertile alluvium, regularly inundated and permanently moist. Dominated by tall eucalypts to 30 m tall, but also has an open to sparse secondary tree layer of wattles and scattered dense patches of shrubs, ferns, grasses and herbs.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus cypellocarpa

Eucalyptus croajingaolensis Eucalyptus viminalisEucalyptus elata

Mountain Grey-gumGippsland Peppermint Manna GumRiver Peppermint

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 15% TMedium Shrub 13 25% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 7 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 5 15% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 7 15% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 18: Riparian Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blue OliveberryT Tristaniopsis laurina KanookaMS Notelaea venosa Large Mock-oliveMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Opercularia aspera Coarse StinkweedSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLTG Gahnia melanocarpa Black-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Hierochloe rariflora Cane Holy-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernSC Tylophora barbata Bearded TylophoraSC Smilax australis Austral SarsaparillaSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat Berry



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 19: Riparian ShrublandDescription:Diverse, medium to tall shrubland to 8 m tall occurring on rocky substrates of major streams and banks and channels of rocky creeks and along perennial streams in gorge tracts. Able to withstand frequent flooding or regenerate rapidly after suchdisturbance and often forming dense thickets along the stream's edge during long periods without flooding. Trees may beirregularly scattered throughout but tend to be restricted to the banks of the rivers and creeks. Sedges and rushes common to riparian environments dominate the understorey as well as an array of herbs and grasses including many ephemeral species which survive on the bare sands or in rock crevice.Canopy Cover:

%cover Character Species Common Name30% Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle

Acacia falciformis Large-leaf Hickory-wattlePomaderris aspera Hazel Pomaderris

Understorey:Life formMedium Shrub

#Spp6

%Cover25%

LF codeMS

Large Herb 6 5% LHMedium Herb 9 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 2 1% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC

rangeCommon Name

MSMS MS

MSSS LH LH LH MH MH MH SH SH SH SH LTG LTG LTG LTG LNG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG MNG

r

Kunzea ericoidesCassinia longifolia Philotheca myoporoidesBeyeria lasiocarpaOlearia iodochroa Stypandra glaucaXerochrysum bracteatum Myriophyllum verrucosumSolanum prinophyllum Veronica plebeiaHydrocotyle hirta Oxalis corniculata s.l.Dichondra repens Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Crassula sieberianaLepidosperma urophorum Lomandra longifoliaEragrostis parviflora Cyperus lucidusSchoenoplectus tabernaemontani Poa australis spp. agg.Lomandra filiformis Lachnagrostis filiformisCyperus

BurganShiny CassiniaLong-leaf Wax-flower Wallaby-bushViolet Daisy-bush Nodding Blue-lilyGolden Everlasting Red Water-milfoilForest Nightshade Trailing SpeedwellHairy Pennywort Yellow Wood-sorrelKidney-weed Shining Pennywort Sieber CrassulaTailed Rapier-sedge Spiny-headed Mat-rushWeeping Love-grass Leafy Flat-sedgeRiver Club-sedge Tussock GrassWattle Mat-rush Common Blown-

EVC 19: Riparian Shrubland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

Recruitment:Episodic/flood – desirable period between flood events is 5 years.


Logs:10 m/0.1 ha (note: large log class does not apply)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low

high MS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberryhigh high

LH Conium maculatum Hemlock high highLH Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane high lowLH Carduus tenuiflorus Winged Thistle high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Rumex crispus Curled Dock high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

low MH Trifolium arvense var. arvenseHare's-foot Clover high low

MH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high lowMH Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge high lowMH Silene gallica French Catchfly high lowMH Petrorhagia nanteuilii Childling Pink high

low MH Gamochaeta purpurea s.l. Purple Cudweed high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowSH Modiola caroliniana Red-flower Mallow high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Cyperus eragrostis Drain Flat-sedge high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high

low MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high lowSC Vinca major Blue Periwinkle high high




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East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 20: Heathy Dry Forest

Description:Grows on shallow, rocky skeletal soils on a variety of geologies and on a range of landforms from gently undulating hills to exposed aspects on ridge tops and steep slopes at a range of elevations. The overstorey is a low, open eucalypt forest, poor in form to 20 m tall with an open crown cover. The understorey is dominated by a low, sparse to dense layer of ericoid-leaved shrubs including heaths and peas. Graminoids and grasses are frequently present in the ground layer, but do not provide much cover.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus mannifera ssp. mannifera

Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus macrorhyncha

Brittle GumBroad-leaved Peppermint Red Stringybark

Understorey: Life

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Medium Shrub 9 30% MSSmall Shrub 5 10% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 20% MTGScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

85%


EVC 20: Heathy Dry Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heathMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne HeathMS Choretrum pauciflorum Dwarf Sour-bushSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Tetratheca bauerifolia Heath Pink-bellsSS Acacia gunnii Ploughshare WattleSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Wahlenbergia stricta Tall BluebellLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Galium gaudichaudii Rough BedstrawMH Euchiton collinus s.s. Creeping CudweedMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushEP Amyema pendula Drooping MistletoeSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest

Description:Occurs on a range of geologies on exposed aspects such as ridge-lines and medium to steep upper slopes, often in high rainfall areas and on shallow infertile soils. Open forest to 25 m tall characterised by the diversity and variability of the eucalypts. The understorey often lacks a secondary tree layer but contains a well-developed medium to low shrub layer. The ground layer is often very sparse with tussock-forming graminoids being the dominant life form.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover30%

Character SpeciesEucalyptus muelleriana

Common NameYellow Eucalyptus cypellocarpa Mountain Grey-gumEucalyptus macrorhycha Red Stringybark

Eucalyptus consideniana YertchukEucalyptus mannifera Brittle Gum


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 10% TMedium Shrub 6 30% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSMedium Herb 5 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

85%

EVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakMS Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Lance Beard-heathMS Platysace lanceolata Shrubby PlatysaceMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Hibbertia empetrifolia s.l. Tangled Guinea-flowerSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Tylophora barbata Bearded TylophoraSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest

Description:Occurs on a variety of gradients and altitudes and on a range of geologies. The overstorey is dominated by a low to medium height forest of eucalypts to 20 m tall, sometimes resembling an open woodland. The understorey usually consists of a sparse shrub layer of medium height. Grassy Dry Forest is characterised by a ground layer dominated by a high diversity of drought- tolerant grasses and herbs.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus bridgesiana s.l.Eucalyptus considenianaEucalyptus globulus ssp. pseudoglobulus

But ButYertchuk Blue


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 7 25% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 11 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C


EVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Pultenaea juniperina s.l. Prickly Bush-peaMS Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Lance Beard-heathMS Indigofera australis Austral IndigoSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high lowLH Conyza albida Tall Fleabane high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest

Description:Occurs on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils on an extremely wide range of geological types and in areas of moderate to low rainfall. Occupies easterly and southerly aspects mainly on lower slopes and in gullies. A medium to tall open forest or woodland to 25 m tall with a small tree layer over a sparse to dense shrub layer. A high cover and diversity of herbs and grasses in the ground layer characterise this EVC.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus melliodoraEucalyptus angophoroides Eucalyptus bosistoana

Yellow BoxApple Box Coast Grey-box


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 4 10% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 13 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Tetratheca bauerifolia Heath Pink-bellsSS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Wahlenbergia stricta Tall BluebellLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Cymbonotus preissianus Austral Bear's-earSH Chiloglottis gunnii s.l. Common Bird-orchidLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dichelachne sciurea spp. agg. Short-hair Plume-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar high highSS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high highLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high

low MH Trifolium arvense var. arvense Hare's-foot Clover high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high low




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East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 27: Blackthorn Scrub

Description:Only found on northerly and westerly slopes of mountains and valleys. Trees are not a prominent feature, often present only as emergents or forming a very open woodland. The small tree or tall shrub layer to 6 m tall is a dominant feature, often forming even-aged stands of uniform height. The ground layer is generally sparse and species-poor due to low site quality and the density of the overstorey. Vines can be conspicuous in the understorey.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name40% Acacia silvestrisExocarpos cupressiformis

Red WattleCherry Ballart

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 8 40% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 3 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

50%

LF Code


Common NameRock Wax-flower

MS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Platysace lanceolata Shrubby PlatysaceMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-

sedgeMTG Notodanthonia longifolia Long-leaf Wallaby-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

GF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernSC Pandorea pandorana Wonga VineSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:10 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)


EVC 27: Blackthorn Scrub - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 28: Rocky Outcrop Shrubland

Description:Occurs in areas of low site quality on exposed rocky outcrops where rock is a dominant landform feature, soils are shallow or virtually absent and effective rainfall is low. Scattered, often stunted trees are occasionally present. A diverse shrub layer to 5 m tall characterises this EVC, including a number of rock-adapted species. The ground layer is usually sparse and species-poor except where it occurs in discrete patches and forms a mosaic with Rocky Outcrop Herbland.

Understorey: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp8

%Cover45%


Prostrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 10% MTGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameShiny Cassinia

MS Exocarpos strictus Pale-fruit BallartMS Ozothmanus conditus Pepper EverlastingMS Ozothamnus rogersianus Nunniong

EverlastingSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerSS Pultenaea retusa Blunt Bush-peaLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Derwentia perfoliata Digger's SpeedwellMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-

sedgeMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-

grass

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:

40 % cover

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH MTG

Hypochoeris radicata Vulpia bromoides

Cat's EarSquirrel-tail Fescue

high

hig

low low

EVC 28: Rocky Outcrop Shrubland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 29: Damp Forest

Description:Grows on a wide range of geologies on well-developed generally colluvial soils on a variety of aspects. Dominated by a tall eucalypt tree layer to 30 m tall over a medium to large dense shrub layer of broad-leaved species typical of wet forest mixed with elements from dry forest types. The ground layer includes herbs and grasses as well as a variety of moisture-dependent ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Character SpeciesEucalyptus sieberi

Common NameSilvertop Ash

Eucalyptus globoidea White StringybarkEucalyptus cypellocarpa Mountain Grey

GumEucalyptus obliqua Messmate StringybarkEucalyptus muelleriana Yellow Stringybark


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 8 25% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 3 15% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 4 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 29: Damp Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blue OliveberryT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Persoonia linearis Narrow-leaf GeebungMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Lance Beard-heathSS Hibbertia empetrifolia s.l. Tangled Guinea-flowerSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Opercularia aspera Coarse StinkweedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Hierochloe rariflora Cane Holy-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernEP Cassytha phaeolasia Rusty Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Tylophora barbata Bearded Tylophora



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 30: Wet Forest

Description:Grows on fertile, well-drained loamy soils on a range of geologies and elevation levels. It is largely restricted to protected sites in gullies and on southern aspects of hills and mountains where rainfall is high and cloud cover at ground level is frequent. Characterised by a tall eucalypt overstorey to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus obliquaEucalyptus cypellocarpa Eucalyptus globoidea

Messmate StringybarkMountain Grey-gum White Stringybark


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 6 15% MSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 6 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% MNGGround Fern 4 20% GFTree Fern 2 15% TRFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 30: Wet Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Acacia dealbata Siver WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingSS Rhytidosporum procumbens White MarianthLH Senecio velleioides Forest GroundselLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisySH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Juncus pallidus Pale RushLTG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra confertifolia ssp. leptostachya Slender Mat-rushMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Sticherus lobatus Spreading Fan-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.


Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment July 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 32: Warm Temperate Rainforest

Description:Closed forest to 25 m tall occurring along gullies and river flats. Dominated by a range of non-eucalypt canopy species above an understorey of smaller trees and shrubs and usually visually dominated by ferns and climbers.

Large trees:SpeciesVarious spp.

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Character SpeciesAcacia melanoxylon

Common Name

Acmena smithii Lilly PillyRapanea howittiana Muttonwood

Acronychia oblongifolia YellowwoodTristaniopsis laurina Kan

ookaUnderstore

y: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 7 15% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 8 30% GFTree Fern 2 15% TRFEpiphyte 3 1% EPScrambler or Climber 9 15% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 32: Warm Temperate Rainforest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionLF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common

NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blue OliveberryMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Notelaea venosa Large Mock-oliveMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushLH Sigesbeckia orientalis ssp. orientalis Indian WeedLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberryMH Stellaria flaccida Forest StarwortMH Solanum prinophyllum Forest NightshadeSH Pyrrosia rupestris Rock Felt-fernSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Gahnia melanocarpa Black-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeMTG Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedgeMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Blechnum patersonii ssp. patersonii Strap Water-fernGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernEP Fieldia australis FieldiaEP Microsorum scandens Fragrant FernEP Microsorum pustulatum ssp. pustulatum Kangaroo FernSC Smilax australis Austral SarsaparillaSC Pandorea pandorana Wonga VineSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Cissus hypoglauca Jungle Grape



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high

high LH Conyza spp. Fleabanehigh low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment February 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:



For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 34: Dry Rainforest

Description:Open to closed non-eucalypt low forest or tall shrubland to 15 m tall. Occurs in areas of relatively low rainfall (750-900 mm per annum) and primarily confined to topographic fire refuges most often associated with extensive cliffs, gorges and rock screes on northern and western aspects. Characterised by canopy species that are rain-green (lose leaves during drought).


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name50% Rapanea howittianaPittosporum undulatumBrachychiton populneus ssp. populneus

Mutton-woodSweet Pittosporum Kurrajong



Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 9 20% MSLarge Herb 5 5% LHMedium Herb 12 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGGround Fern 5 10% GFEpiphyte 2 1% EPScrambler or Climber 6 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

Weediness: LF Code

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive

ImpactMSLH LH LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MTG MTG

Rubus fruticosus spp. agg.Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972)Cirsium vulgare Conyza spp. Hypochoeris radicataGamochaeta purpurea s.l. Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Polycarpon tetraphyllum Hypochoeris glabra Galium muraleAnagallis

BlackberryBlack Nightshade Spear Thistle FleabaneCat's EarPurple CudweedCommon Mouse-ear Chickweed Four-leaved AllseedSmooth Cat's-ear Small Goosegrass PimpernelSquirrel-tail

highhigh high high high high high h

highlow high low low low low low low low low low high

EVC 34: Dry Rainforest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion


T Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Acacia implexa LightwoodT Acacia falciformis Pale Hickory WattleT Pittosporum undulatum Sweet PittosporumMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Cassinia trinerva Three-nerved CassiniaMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Hymenanthera dentata Tree VioletLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Sigesbeckia orientalis ssp. orientalis Indian WeedLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Solanum prinophyllum Forest NightshadeMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberryMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH Pyrrosia rupestris Rock Felt-fernSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Lepidosperma urophorum Tailed Rapier-sedgeLTG Gahnia melanocarpa Black-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Cymbopogon refractus Barb-wire GrassMTG Notodanthonia longifolia Long-leaf Wallaby-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicGF Pteris tremula Tender BrakeGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernGF Doodia australis Common Rasp-fernGF Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Green Rock-fernEP Cassytha phaeolasia Rusty Dodder-laurelSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Celastrus australis Staff ClimberSC Geitnoplesium cymosum Scrambling LilySC Marsdenia rostrata Milk Vine



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest

Description:Valley Grassy Forest occurs under moderate rainfall regimes of 700-800 mm per annum on fertile well-drained colluvial or alluvial soils on gently undulating lower slopes and valley floors. Open forest to 25 m tall that may carry a variety of eucalypts, which prefer more moist or more fertile conditions over a sparse shrub cover. In season, a rich array of herbs, lilies, grasses and sedges dominate the ground layer but at the drier end of the spectrum the ground layer may be sparse and slightly less diverse, but with the moisture-loving species still remaining.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name20% r Eucalyptus bosistoanaEucalyptus muelleriana

Coast Grey-boxYellow Stringybark


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 10% TMedium Shrub 9 20% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 17 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 15% MNGGround Fern 3 5% GFScrambler or Climber 6 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC rang Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakMS Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Lance Beard-heathMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Pultenaea retusa Blunt Bush-peaSS Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Peach HeathPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Solanum pungetium Eastern NightshadeLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellMH Opercularia aspera Coarse StinkweedMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Euchiton collinus s.s. Creeping CudweedSH Galium propinquum Maori BedstrawSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoilSH Hypericum japonicum Matted St John's WortLTG Lomandra longifolia ssp. exilis Cluster-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Doodia aspera Prickly Rasp-fernGF Pellaea falcata s.l. Sickle FernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernSC Comesperma volubile Love CreeperSC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 48: Heathy Woodland

Description:Spans a variety of geologies but is generally associated with nutrient-poor soils including deep uniform sands (aeolian or outwash) and Tertiary sand/clay which has been altered to form quartzite gravel. Eucalypt-dominated low woodland to 10 m tall lacking a secondary tree layer and generally supporting a diverse array of narrow or ericoid-leaved shrubs except where frequent fire has reduced this to a dense cover of bracken. Geophytes and annuals can be quite common but the ground cover is normally fairly sparse.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Banksia serrata

50 cm40 cm

15 / ha


Character SpeciesEucalyptus willisii

Common NameJimmy’s Shining PeppermintEucalyptus obliqua Messmate Stringybark

Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Narrow-leaf PeppermintEucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana Rough-barked Manna

GumBanksia serrata Saw Banksia


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITMedium Shrub 5 30% MS

Small Shrub 5 20% SSMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameCommon Heath

MS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heathSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedge

MNG

Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel


EVC 48: Heathy Woodland – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 53: Swamp Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 8 m tall at low elevations on alluvial deposits along streams or on poorly drained sites with higher nutrient availability. The EVC is dominated by Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia (or sometimes Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigerum) which often forms a dense thicket, out-competing other species. Occasional emergent eucalypts may be present. Where light penetrates to ground level, a moss/lichen/liverwort or herbaceous ground cover is often present. Dry variants have a grassy/herbaceous ground layer.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name50% Leptospermum lanigerum

Melaleuca ericifoliaWoolly Tea-treeSwamp Paperbark


#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 3 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeCoprosma quadrifida

Common NamePrickly Currant-bush

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeLH Lycopus australis Australian GipsywortLH Lythrum salicaria Purple LoosestrifeLH Persicaria praetermissa Spotted KnotweedMH Hydrocotyle pterocarpa Wing PennywortMH Stellaria angustifolia Swamp StarwortMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Baumea rubiginosa s.l. Soft Twig-rushMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMTG Juncus gregiflorus Green RushMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed


EVC 53: Swamp Scrub – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion



Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007

© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007

This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.



This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands Bioregion

EVC 53_62: Estuarine Swamp ScrubDescription:Closed scrub to 6 m tall growing on the edge of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity and poor drainage conditions. Dominated by Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia with a halophytic (succulent) ground layer dominated by graminoids and herbs. Often occurs in close association with Estuarine Wetland.

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name50% Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark

Understorey: Lifeform Medium Shrub Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate HerbMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid

#Spp %Cover LF Code2 10% MS3 20% MH2 5% SH2 10% MTG2 15% MNG

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeAtriplex cinerea

Common NameCoast Saltbush

MS Rhagodia candolleana subsp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushMH Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous GoosefootMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Apium prostratum subsp. prostratum Sea CelerySH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge

Recruitment:Continuous.


Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high

Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark

EVC 53_62: Estuarine Swamp Scrub


Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002.


This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland

Description:An open, eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall occurring on a number of geologies and soil types. Occupies poorly drained, fertile soils on flat or gently undulating plains at low elevations. The understorey consists of a few sparse shrubs over a species-rich grassy and herbaceous ground layer.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name20% Eucalyptus tereticornis ssp. mediana Gippsland Red-gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 2 10% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 1 5% LHMedium Herb 10 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 9 35% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlack Sheoak

MS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraLTG Austrostipa rudis Veined Spear-grassLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass


EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high highMNG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMNG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub

Description:Occurs on shallow colluvial soils along rocky cliffs and slopes associated with rivers and creeks and may extend onto alluvial terraces. Characterised by a large shrub layer to 10 m tall over a dense medium shrub layer and a ground layer, which can range from low to high diversity and consist of a variety of graminoids, grasses and herbs. Ferns can often be a major component of the ground stratum and emergent eucalypts may be present.


Name20% Brachychiton populneus ssp. populneusPittosporum undulatum

KurrajongSweet Pittosporum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 7 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 10 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 4 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeMS


Common NameThree-nerved Cassinia

MSMS MS SS LH LH LH MH MH MH MH SH SH LTG LTG MTG MTG MTG MTG MNG MNG GF

k

k

Kunzea ericoidesHymenanthera dentata s.l. Olearia phlogopappaLeucopogon juniperinus Plectranthus parviflorusStypandra glauca Solanum pungetiumCynoglossum australe Hypericum gramineumGalium gaudichaudiiSenecio hispidulus var. dissectus Hydrocotyle laxifloraDichondra repensGahnia melanocarpa Carex longebrachiata Lepidosperma lateraleNotodanthonia

BurganTree VioletDusty Daisy-bushLong-flower Beard-heath Cockspur Flower Nodding Blue-lily Eastern NightshadeAustralian Hound's-tongue Small St John's Wort Rough BedstrawRough Fireweed Stinking PennywortKidney-weedBlack-fruit Saw-sedge Bergalia Tussock Variable Sword-sedge Long-leaf Wallaby-grassShort-awned Wheat-grass Common Grass-sedgeWeeping GrassBordered Panic Sickle Fern Green

SC Clematis glycinoides var. glycinoides Forest Clematis

EVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion




Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn low

high MS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg.Blackberry high high LHSolanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Black Nightshade high low

LH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high lowMH Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge high low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit high low MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Euphorbia lathyrus Caper Spurge high highSC Galium aparine Cleavers high lowLH Conyza spp. Fleabane high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 133: Limestone Pomaderris Shrubland

Description:Shrubland to 8 m tall occurring on exposed northern or western aspects associated with limestone cliffs and lake shores or rivers with an understorey dominated by medium shrubs. It is found at low altitudes of between 10-30 m above sea level and receives a moderate rainfall of approximately 700 mm per annum.


Name10% Allocasuarina verticillataBanksia marginata

Drooping SheoakSilver Banksia

Understorey: Life formUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub

#Spp2

%Cover10%

LF codeTMedium Shrub 7 45% MS

Small Shrub 2 1% SSLarge Herb 5 5% LHMedium Herb 10 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 20% MTGScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF CodeMS


Common NameSticky Hop-bush

MS Myoporum insulare BoobiallaMS R r Pomaderris oraria ssp. calcicola Limestone PomaderrisMS R r Pomaderris oraria Bassian PomaderrisSS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Sea-berry SaltbushSS Correa reflexa Common CorreaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotMH Galium migrans Wandering BedstrawSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Cymbonotus preissianus Austral Bear's-earLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Austrostipa nodosa Knotty Spear-grassLTG Austrostipa blackii Crested Spear-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Notodanthonia longifolia Long-leaf Wallaby-grassGF Pleurosorus rutifolius s.l. Blanket FernSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach


EVC 133: Limestone Pomaderris Shrubland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high LH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high

low MH Taraxacum officinale spp. agg.Garden Dandelion high lowMH Galium murale Small Goosegrass high lowMH Petrorhagia velutina Velvety Pink high

low MH Cardamine hirsuta s.l. Common Bitter-cress high lowMH Stellaria media Chickweed high lowMH Veronica persica Persian Speedwell high

low MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

MTG Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass high low




www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 135: Gallery Rainforest

Description:Closed forest to 20 m tall occurring along the fringes of substantial streams that periodically flood. The understorey comprises a number of willowy shrubs that can withstand flooding while mature woody vines are generally absent as are tree-ferns, these life-forms being swept away during floods.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name50% Tristaniopsis laurinaAcacia melanoxylon

Kanooka

BlackwoodUnderstorey:

Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 20% TMedium Shrub 12 30% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 6 20% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFEpiphyte 2 5% EPScrambler or Climber 8 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 135: Gallery Rainforest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion


T Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blue OliveberryT Rapanea howittiana Mutton-woodMS Notelaea venosa Large Mock-oliveMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Lomatia myricoides River LomatiaMS Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Lance Beard-heathPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Gratiola peruviana Austral BrooklimeMH Opercularia aspera Coarse StinkweedSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Smilax australis Austral SarsaparillaSC Tylophora barbata Bearded TylophoraSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Conyza spp. Fleabane high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 141: Sandy Flood Scrub

Description:Structurally dominated by medium to large shrubs to 8 m tall with occasional eucalypt emergents. The understorey may contain a range of shrubs, grasses/sedges and herbs/ferns depending on location and period of inundation. Occupies alluvial terraces with coarse to fine sandy soils of permanent streams and rivers.


Name40% Leptospermum continentaleKunzea ericoides Pomaderris aspera

Prickly Tea-treeBurganHazel Pomaderris Black Wattle


#Spp3

%Cover15%


Medium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Broom-heath

MS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Callistemon citrinus Crimson BottlebrushSS Hibbertia fasciculata var. prostrata Bundled Guinea-

flowerMH Phyllanthus hirtellus Thyme SpurgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLTG Carex appressa Tall Sedge

LNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMNG Caustis flexuosa Curly WigMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassTTG Centrolepis strigosa ssp. strigosa Hairy CentrolepisGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common Maidenhair

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.




EVC 141: Sandy Flood Scrub – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 151: Plains Grassy Forest

Description:Open forest to 20 m tall often above a heathy shrub layer and a diverse grassy, sedgy and herbaceous ground layer. Occurs on lowland plains and old river terraces made up of gravelly sandy clays.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Character SpeciesEucalyptus muelleriana

Common NameYellow Eucalyptus bridgesiana s.l. But But

Eucalyptus polyanthemos Red BoxEucalyptus macrorhyncha Red StringybarkEucalyptus botryoides Southern

MahoganyEucalyptus globoidea White Stringybark


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 15% TMedium Shrub 6 20% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 151: Plains Grassy Forest – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Acacia implexa LightwoodT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganMS Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Honey-myrtleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Phyllanthus hirtellus Thyme SpurgePS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Tricoryne elatior Yellow Rush-lilyLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high

low MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment June 2008© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 169: Dry Valley Forest

Description:Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall occurring along minor gullies, ephemeral streams and river flats. The overstorey may contain a range of eucalypts typical of drier environments over an understorey of scattered shrubs and a notably mossy herb-rich groundcover.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus baueriana Blue Box


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 15% TMedium Shrub 4 40% MSMedium Herb 9 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlackwood

T Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkMS Correa reflexa Common CorreaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Galium gaudichaudii Rough BedstrawSH Opercularia hispida Hairy StinkweedSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Hydrocotyle tripartita Slender PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassM

NGLuzula campestris spp. agg. Field Woodrush

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Pellaea falcata s.l. Sickle FernGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernSC Smilax australis Austral SarsaparillaSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis


EVC 169: Dry Valley Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low MH

Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed high

high






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 175.61: Rainshadow Grassy Woodland

Description:A variable open eucalypt woodland to 15m tall over a diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on gentle slopes or undulating hills on a range of geologies.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus albens White Box



Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 15% TMedium Shrub 4 15% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlack Wattle

T Acacia implexa LightwoodT Brachychiton populneus ssp. populneus KurrajongMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganMS Ozothamnus conditus Pepper EverlastingMS Indigofera australis Austral IndigoSS Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Peach HeathPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Cymbonotus preissianus Austral Bear's-earMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeGF Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Green Rock-fernSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Glycine tabacina s.l. Variable Glycine

EVC 175.61: Rainshadow Grassy Woodland - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 175.62: Limestone Grassy Woodland

Description:A variable open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall over a diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on gentle slopes or undulating hills on limestone-derived soils.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus melliodoraEucalyptus mannifera ssp. mannifera

Yellow BoxBrittle Gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 10% TMedium Shrub 3 15% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlack Wattle

T Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Acaena echinata Sheep’s-burrMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Dichondra repens KidneyweedLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Bothriochloa macra Red-leg GrassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grass

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassM

NGEchinopogon ovatus Hedgehog Grass

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine

EVC 175.62: Limestone Grassy Woodland – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low

high MS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg.Blackberry high high

MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high high






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 177: Valley Slopes Dry Forest

Description:Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall. Occurs on steep, eroding slopes. Soils are skeletal though fertile and well-drained, with occasional rock outcropping which constantly erodes and falls into the river where it undercuts steep slopes. The unconsolidated soils are partially due to low biomass in the vegetation, which does little to bind the soil. This EVC carries a mixture of wet and dry species as river fogs and river margins provide increased moisture and hence the understorey consists of a mix of species common to both drier and wetter sites that do not usually occur together.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus polyanthemosEucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus elata

Red BoxYellow BoxRiver Peppermint


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 15% TMedium Shrub 5 20% MSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 1 5% LHMedium Herb 3 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

50%

LF CodeT


Common NameCherry Ballart

T Acacia silvestris Red WattleMS Phyllanthus gunnii Shrubby SpurgeMS Philotheca trachyphylla Rock Wax-flowerMS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletMS Cassinia trinerva Three-nerved CassiniaPS Xanthosia dissecta s.l. Cut-leaf XanthosiaLH Plectranthus parviflorus Cockspur FlowerMH Stellaria flaccida Forest StarwortMH Rumex brownii Slender DockMH Einadia hastata SaloopSH Oxalis chnoodes Plains Wood-sorrelMTG Notodanthonia longifolia Long-leaf Wallaby-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassSC k Clematis microphylla var. leptophylla Skeleton VineSC Marsdenia rostrata Milk Vine

EVC 177: Valley Slopes Dry Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionRecruitment:

Continuous


Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactSS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high

high LH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Moenchia erecta Erect Chickweed high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowMH Aphanes arvensis Parsley Piert high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMNG Aira cupaniana Quicksilver Grass high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 191: Riparian Scrub

Description:A dense shrubland to 6 m tall with occasional eucalypt emergents growing on waterlogged substrates often with a peaty surface horizon. Emergent eucalypts may be occasionally present. The understorey is often species-poor and consists typically of sedges tolerant of seasonal waterlogging. Occurs along creeks and minor stream tributaries of the lowland plains.


Name60% Melaleuca squarrosaLeptospermnum continentale

Scented PaperbarkPrickly Tea-tree


#Spp3

%Cover10%


Medium Herb 1 1% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 15% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Currant-bush

MS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Rosemary

EverlastiongSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMNG Baumea tetragona Square Twig-rushMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-

rushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Gleichenia microphylla Scrambling Coral-

fernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness:


EVC 191: Riparian Scrub – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 316: Shrubby Damp Forest

Description:Grows in gullies and on protected slopes on relatively skeletal but fertile sedimentary soils. Eucalypt forest to 30 m tall with a dense mid stratum comprised of medium to large shrubs characteristic of both drier and damper environments. The ground layer has a sparse cover of grasses and herbs, and commonly includes Austral Bracken.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus cypellocarpa

Eucalyptus obliquaMountain Grey-gumMessmate Stringybark


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 8 30% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 4 10% LHMedium Herb 9 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 2 15% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 316: Shrubby Damp Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerLH Stypandra glauca Nodding Blue-lilyLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 863: Floodplain Reedbed

Description:A closed to open grassland to 2–3 m tall, dominated by Common Reed. Small aquatic and semi-aquatic species occur amongst the reeds. It occurs on swamps on river plains, especially the lower reaches of the floodplain. Soils are Quaternary stream alluvium with floodplain and low level terrace deposits consisting of silt, clay and peat. Swamp Paperbark frequently fringes the margins of these reed beds.

Life Forms: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 1 5% MSLarge Herb 2 10% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 30% LNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover 60%

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeSolanum aviculare

Common NameKangaroo Apple

MH Myriophyllum crispatum Upright Water-milfoilLH Lycopus australis Australian GipsywortLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flowerLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


Weediness:LF CodeLH MH

Typical Weed SpeciesAster subulatus Cotula coronopifolia

Common NameAster-weed Water Buttons

Invasivehigh hi

Impactlow high


EVC 863: Floodplain Reedbed – East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion







www.dse.vic.gov.au


East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 877: Lowland Herb-rich Forest

Description:Primarily occurs in gullies and along lower slopes close to minor drainage lines. Soils are reasonably fertile colluvial loams. Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall with a range of medium shrubs conspicuous in the mid-stratum. The ground layer is dominated by a dense cover of grasses and a high diversity of tussock-forming graminoids and herbs.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus cypellocarpaEucalyptus globoidea Eucalyptus polyanthemos

Mountain Grey-gumWhite Stringybark

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 10% TMedium Shrub 4 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 13 30% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

EVC 877: Lowland Herb-rich Forest - East Gippsland Lowlands bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS r Zieria smithii Sandfly ZieriaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Honey-myrtleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaLH Stypandra glauca Nodding Blue-lilyLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Pterostylis concinna Trim GreenhoodSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Luzula meridionalis Common WoodrushMTG Lomandra filiformis ssp. coriacea Wattle Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicSC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high

high LH Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane high lowLH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowSH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high low






East Gippsland Lowlands bioregionEVC 953: Estuarine Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 6 m tall growing on the edge of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity and poor drainage conditions. Dominated by Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia with a halophytic (succulent) ground layer dominated by graminoids and herbs. Often occurs in close association with Estuarine Wetland.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name50% Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark


#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 10% MSMedium Herb 3 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover 55%

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeRhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana

Common NameSeaberry Saltbush

MS Atriplex cinerea Coast SaltbushMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous GoosefootMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea CeleryMTG Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grassMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass



Weediness:LF CodeMH LNG

Typical Weed Species Hypochoeris radicata Holcus lanatus

Common NameCat's Ear Yorkshire Fog

Invasivehigh hi

Impactlow high








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