evc/bioregion benchmark for vegetation quality web viewgrows on anaerobic peat-rich muds on the...

EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment

Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 2: Coast Banksia Woodland

Description:Restricted to near coastal localities on secondary or tertiary dunes behind Coastal Dune Scrub. Usually dominated by a woodland overstorey of Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia to 15 m tall over a medium shrub layer. The understorey consists of a number of herbs and sedges, including scramblers.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haBanksia spp.Eucalyptus spp.

50 cm70 cm

10 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Banksia integrifolia

Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryorianaCoast BanksiaRough-barked Manna Gum

Life Forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 3 40% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 3 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% MNGGround Fern 1 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code

Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NameCoast Beard-heath

MS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushMS Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-treeLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedLH Haloragis brownii Swamp RaspwortMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberryMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Galium australe Tangled BedstrawSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis

Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark

EVC 2: Coast Banksia Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Recruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:40 % cover

Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.

For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland

Description:A low, grassy or bracken-dominated eucalypt forest or open woodland to 15 m tall with a large shrub layer and ground layer rich in herbs, grasses, and orchids. Occurs mainly on flat or undulating areas on moderately fertile, relatively well-drained, deep sandy or loamy topsoils over heavier subsoils (duplex soils).

Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana Rough-barked Manna

GumUnderstorey:

Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 5 25% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 1 15% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgePS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle-headed Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken

Recruitment:Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low LTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass high

highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 6: Sand Heathland

Description:Treeless heathland (or with occasional emergent mallee-form eucalypts and/or Banksias) occurring on deep infertile sands. Consists of a low, dense heathy shrub layer and a number of sedges and sedge-like species. Grasses and herbs are notably absent or infrequent.


codeMedium Shrub 7 55% MSSmall Shrub 4 10% SSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameCommon Heath

MS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Hibbertia fasciculata var. prostrata Bundled Guinea-

flowerSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathMH Gonocarpus humilis Shade Raspwort

MH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-

sedgeMNG Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken

Recruitment:

Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:20% cover

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.

EVC 6: Sand Heathland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 7: Clay Heathland

Description:Occurs on sites with impeded drainage, often on duplex soils. Dominated by heathy shrub species with or without an eucalypt overstorey. The ground layer is dense and diverse with a variety of landforms.+ woodland onl y components (ignore when assessing treeless areas and standardise final score as appropriate)

Large trees+:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 40 cm 10 /

haTree Canopy Cover+:

%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus conspicua Swamp Stringybark

Understorey: Life form

#Spp6

%Cover40%

LF codeMS

Small Shrub 7 10% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 8 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 5% MNGGround Fern 2 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

EVC 7: Clay Heathland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Hakea teretifolia ssp. hirsuta Dagger HakeaSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Dillwynia sericea s.l. Showy Parrot-peaSS Hibbertia empetrifolia s.l. Tangled Guinea-flowerSS Sphaerolobium vimineum s.l. Leafless Globe-peaPS Xanthosia pusilla spp. agg. Heath XanthosiaLH Euphrasia collina Purple EyebrightLH r Hybanthus vernonii ssp. vernonii Erect VioletMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Drosera pygmaea Tiny SundewLTG Anisopogon avenaceus Oat Spear-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea resinosa Spear Grass-treeLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Patersonia sericea Silky Purple-flagMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flagMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeMNG Lepidosperma neesii Stiff Rapier-sedgeMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeGF Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern


Organic Litter:20% Cover

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this

EVC.






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 8: Wet Heathland

Description:A low, generally treeless heathland although sometimes emergent eucalypts may be present. Occurs on lower slopes, flats or depressions, which are infertile and subjected to prolonged water logging. Understorey is often dominated by a range of sedges, grasses and shrubs.


codeMedium Shrub 6 40% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 5 20% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code


Common NameScented Paperbark

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Sprengelia incarnata Pink Swamp-heathSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Epacris obtusifolia Blunt-leaf HeathSS Epacris gunnii Ace of SpadesMH Gonocarpus humilis Shade RaspwortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Patersonia occidentalis Long Purple-flagMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeMNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedgeMNG Leptocarpus tenax Slender Twine-rushSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-

laurelGF Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern

Recruitment:




EVC 8: Wet Heathland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 9: Coastal Saltmarsh

Description:Occurs on and immediately above marine and estuarine tidal flats and contains distinct floristic communities as bands or zones in the same location, depending on the positioning of the various floristic communities in relation to the saline environment. Consists of a range of life forms including succulent herbs, low succulent shrubs, rushes and sedges.


codeMedium Shrub 2 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSMedium Herb 3 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 15% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameShrubby Glasswort

SS Suaeda australis Austral SeabliteMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Samolus repens Creeping

BrookweedMH Hemichroa pentandra Trailing HemichroaSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-

flowerMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness:

There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.

EVC 9: Coastal Saltmarsh - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 10: Estuarine Wetland

Description:Grows on anaerobic peat-rich muds on the edges of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity conditions. Vegetation is determined by fluctuating salinity, which varies in time from occasionally fresh to brackish or occasionally saline according to river flood and marine tide events. Dominated by graminoids and halophytic herbs and often fringed by a tall scrub layer of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia at the landward edge.

Life Forms: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp1

%Cover10%

LF codeMSSmall Shrub 2 5% SS

Large Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 6 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 20% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

85%

LF Code


Common NameSwamp Paperbark

MH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Juncus pallidus Pale RushLNG Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea RushMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass

Recruitment:

Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years


Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLHLH MH M

Cirsium vulgareSonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicataPlantago

Spear ThistleCommon Sow-thistle Cat's EarBuck's-horn Plantain Water Buttons

highhigh high

highlow low high h

EVC 10: Estuarine Wetland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 11: Coastal Lagoon Wetland

Description:Occupies the margins of coastal freshwater lagoons that have formed behind the coastal dune barrier and the adjacent hills. It has several zones dependent upon water depth and persistence of inundation. Within the lagoon itself where exposure is rare, the vegetation is dominated by graminoids whereas on the lagoon margin a tall scrub layer is common.


codeMedium Shrub 4 15% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Tea-tree

MS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMNG Baumea tetragona Square Twig-sedgeSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-

laurelRecruitment:

Continuous



EVC 11: Coastal Lagoon Wetland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:


Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.



Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 12: Wet Swale Herbland

Description:Occupies seasonally inundated dune swales often forming between the coastal dune barrier and hinterland hills. Soils are predominantly deep peats often with aeolian sand lenses where species typical of drier environments may grow. This EVC typically consists of a range of amphibious rushes, sedges and herbs.

Life forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeSmall Shrub 1 1% SS

Large Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 7 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 25% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameRunning Marsh-flower

MH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedMH Myriophyllum simulans Amphibious Water-

milfoilMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Veronica plebeia Trailing SpeedwellSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH Asperula subsimplex Water WoodruffLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLNG Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-sedgeMTG Isolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedgeMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Imperata cylindrica Blady GrassMNG Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG e Pseudoraphis paradoxa Slender Mud-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine

Recruitment:

Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years

Organic Litter:

10% cover

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact

MHMH

Hypochoeris radicataLeontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides

Cat's EarHairy Hawkbit

highhigh

lowlow

EVC 12: Wet Swale Herbland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plains bioregionEVC 14: Banksia Woodland

Description:Open scrub to open woodland to 10 m tall on well-drained Quaternary and Tertiary sandy soils. The overstorey is dominated by Saw Banksia Banksia serrata, sometimes with emergent eucalypts while the understorey is shrub-rich.

Large trees:SpeciesBanksia serrata

DBH(cm)50 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Banksia serrata Saw Banksia


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 10 25% MSSmall Shrub 7 15% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 3 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 14: Banksia Woodland - Gippsland Plains bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Acacia terminalis Sunshine WattleMS Acacia suaveolens Sweet WattleSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Tetratheca pilosa Hairy Pink-bellsSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Xanthorrhoea resinosa Spear Grass-treeLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flagMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Burchardia umbellata MilkmaidsMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurelSC Cassytha phaeolasia Rusty Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.


Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007

© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007

This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.


For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186

This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 15: Limestone Box Forest

Description:Occurs on generally well developed terra rossa soils derived from Tertiary limestones that outcrop around coastal streams, gullies and lakes. Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall with a tall shrub layer understorey and a grass and herb-rich ground layer on sheltered aspects but may be almost completely bare on drier aspects.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover25%

Character SpeciesEucalyptus baueriana

Common NameBlue BoxEucalyptus bosistoana Coast Grey-box

Eucalpytus globulus ssp. pseudoglobulus Gippsland Blue-gumEucalyptus tereticornis ssp. mediana Gippsland Red-gumEucalyptus cypellocarpa Mountain Grey-gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 2 5% MSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 3 15% GFScrambler or Climber 4 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameCherry Ballart

T Pittosporum undulatum Sweet PittosporumT Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleMH Solanum prinophyllum Forest NightshadeMH Stellaria flaccida Forest StarwortMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberrySH Dichondra repens Kidney-weed

MNG

Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassM

NGMicrolaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

GF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernGF Pteris tremula Tender BrakeGF Pellaea falcata s.l. Sickle FernGF Doodia australis Common Rasp-fernSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Geitonoplesium cymosum Scrambling LilySC Clematis glycinoides var. glycinoides Forest ClematisSC Marsdenia rostrata Milk Vine


EVC 15: Limestone Box Forest – Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Black Nightshade high low LH Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane high

highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high MH Cardamine hirsuta s.l. Common Bitter-cress high low LNG Holcus lanatus

Yorkshire Fog high highSC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high highSC Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high

high MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low




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Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 16: Lowland Forest

Description:Eucalypt forest to 20 m tall on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils in areas of relatively high rainfall. Characterised by the diversity of life forms and species in the understorey including a range of shrubs, grasses and herbs.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus obliqua

Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Eucalyptus consideniana

Messmate StringybarkNarrow-leaf Peppermint Yertchuk

Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% T

Medium Shrub 7 30% MSSmall Shrub 5 10% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 7 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 7 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 2 15% GFScrambler or Climber 3 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlackwood

MS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgePS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush

LNG

Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock Grass

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry

EVC 16: Lowland Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 18: Riparian Forest

Description:A tall forest to 30 m tall along river banks and associated alluvial terraces with occasional occurrences in the heads of gullies leading into creeks and rivers. The soil is fertile alluvium, regularly inundated and permanently moist. Dominated by tall eucalypts but also has an open to sparse secondary tree layer of wattles and scattered dense patches of shrubs, ferns, grasses and herbs.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus ovata

Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Eucalyptus obliquaEucalyptus viminalis

Swamp GumNarrow-leaf Peppermint Messmate Stringybark

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 15% TMedium Shrub 8 25% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 10 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGGround Fern 3 15% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 18: Riparian Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Galium propinquum Maori BedstrawSH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high

high LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high highSC Galium aparine Cleavers high low




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%cover Character Species Common Name20% Acacia melanoxylon

Acacia falciformisBlackwoodLarge-leaf Hickory-wattle


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 19: Riparian ShrublandDescription:Diverse, medium to tall shrubland to 8 m tall occurring on rocky substrates of major streams and banks and channels of rocky creeks and along perennial streams in gorge tracts. Able to withstand frequent flooding or regenerate rapidly after such disturbance and often forming dense thickets along the stream's edge during long periods without flooding. Trees may be irregularly scattered throughout but tend to be restricted to the banks of the rivers and creeks. Sedges and rushes common to riparian environments dominate the understorey as well as an array of herbs and grasses including many ephemeral species which survive on the bare sands or in rock crevice.

Canopy Cover:

Understorey: Life form #Spp %CoverMedium Shrub 9 25%Large Herb 4 5%Medium Herb 9 15%Small or Prostrate Herb 2 5%Large Tufted Graminoid 3 5%Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10%Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1%Ground Fern 4 10%Scrambler or Climber 2 5%Bryophytes/Lichens na 10%Total understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF CodeMS


Common NaBurgan

MS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian ChrMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlasMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Persicaria decipiens Slender KnotLH Stypandra glauca Nodding Blue-lilyLH Xerochrysum bracteatum Golden EverlaMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywMH Solanum prinophyllum Forest NightMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow WoodSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Carex polyantha River SedgeLTG Lepidosperma urophorum Tailed Rapier-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Poa ensiformis Sword TussoMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GraMNG Luzula campestris spp. agg. Field WoodruGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Green Rock-fernSC Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleSC Pandorea pandorana Wonga VineSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved

EVC 19: Riparian Shrubland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Recruitment:Episodic/flood – desirable period between flood events is 5 years.


Logs:10 m/0.1 ha (note: large log class does not apply)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high highLH Conium maculatum Hemlock high highLH Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane high lowLH Carduus tenuiflorus Winged Thistle high highLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Rumex crispus Curled Dock high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

low MH Trifolium arvense var. arvenseHare's-foot Clover high low

MH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high lowMH Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge high lowMH Silene gallica French Catchfly high lowMH Petrorhagia nanteuilii Childling Pink high

low MH Gamochaeta purpurea s.l. Purple Cudweed high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowSH Modiola caroliniana Red-flower Mallow high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Cyperus eragrostis Drain Flat-sedge high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high

low MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high lowSC Vinca major Blue Periwinkle high high

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Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest

Description:Occurs on a range of geologies on exposed aspects such as ridge-lines and medium to steep upper slopes, often in high rainfall areas and on shallow infertile soils. The overstorey is a low, open forest to 25 m tall characterised by the diversity and variability of the eucalypts. The understorey often lacks a secondary tree layer but contains a well-developed medium to low shrub layer. The ground layer is often very sparse with tussock-forming graminoids being the dominant life form.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name30% Eucalyptus considenianaEucalyptus macrorhyncha

YertchukRed Stringybark


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 11 40% MSSmall Shrub 9 15% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSMedium Herb 4 5% MHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

55%

LF Code


Common NameSpike Wattle

MS Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne HeathMS Correa reflexa Common CorreaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Hibbertia fasciculata var. prostrata Bundled Guinea-flowerSS Hibbertia virgata Twiggy Guinea-flowerSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Comesperma calymega Blue-spike MilkwortMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMTG Arthropodium milleflorum s.l. Pale Vanilla-lily

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Thelymitra ixioides s.l. Spotted Sun-orchidGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenEP Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurel

EVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear high low MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

high MTG Sporobolus africanus Rat-tail Grasshigh high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest

Description:Occurs on a variety of gradients and altitudes and on a range of geologies. The overstorey is dominated by a low to medium height forest of eucalypts to 20 m tall, sometimes resembling an open woodland with a secondary, smaller tree layer including a number of Acacia species. The understorey usually consists of a sparse shrub layer of medium height. Grassy Dry Forest is characterised by a ground layer dominated by a high diversity of drought-tolerant grasses and herbs, often including a suite of fern species.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus melliodoraEucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus

Yellow BoxRed Stringybark Red Box

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 9 20% MSSmall Shrub 4 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 11 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C


EVC 22: Grassy Dry Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Character Species Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Daviesia leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-peaMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Grey Parrot-peaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Acacia aculeatissima Thin-leaf WattlePS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedLH Senecio hispidulus Rough FireweedMH Plantago varia Variable PlantainMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelLTG Austrostipa rudis Veined Spear-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-peaSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Cotoneaster pannosus Velvet Cotoneaster high

high MS Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseedhigh high

LH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high

high MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest

Description:Occurs on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils on an extremely wide range of geological types and in areas of moderate to high rainfall. Occupies easterly and southerly aspects mainly on lower slopes and in gullies. A medium to tall open forest or woodland to 25 m tall with a small tree layer over a sparse to dense shrub layer. A high cover and diversity of herbs and grasses in the ground layer characterise this EVC.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Messmate StringybarkNarrow-leaf

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 5 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 7 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 2 25% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Acacia stricta Hop WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 29: Damp Forest

Description:Grows on a wide range of geologies on well-developed generally colluvial soils on a variety of aspects, from sea level to montane elevations. Dominated by a tall eucalypt tree layer to 30 m tall over a medium to tall dense shrub layer of broad- leaved species typical of wet forest mixed with elements from dry forest types. The ground layer includes herbs and grasses as well as a variety of moisture-dependent ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus cypellocarpaMessmate StringybarkMountain Grey-gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 9 25% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 3 20% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 4 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 29: Damp Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Bedfordia arborescens Blanket-leafMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxMS Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Lance Beard-heathMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock GrassLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Hierochloe rariflora Cane Holy-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Smilax australis Austral SarsaparillaSC Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.







Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 30: Wet Forest

Description:Grows on fertile, well-drained loamy soils on a range of geologies and elevation levels. It is largely restricted to protected sites in gullies and on southern aspects of hills and mountains where rainfall is high and cloud cover at ground level is frequent. Characterised by a tall eucalypt overstorey to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus cypellocarpaEucalyptus globulus ssp. pseudoglobulus Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. viminalis

Messmate StringybarkMountain Grey-gum Gippsland Blue-gum Manna


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 6 15% MSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% MNGGround Fern 4 15% GFTree Fern 1 15% TFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 30: Wet Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Acacia dealbata Siver WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingSS Rhytidosporum procumbens White MarianthLH Senecio velleioides Forest GroundselLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus teucrioides s.l. Germander RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisySH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Juncus pallidus Pale RushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Sticherus lobatus Spreading Fan-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.







Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 32: Warm Temperate Rainforest

Description:Closed forest to 20 m tall occurring along small streams and narrow coastal fringes associated with lakes and estuaries. Dominated by a range of non-eucalypt canopy species above an understorey of smaller trees and shrubs and usually visually dominated by ferns and climbers.

Large trees:SpeciesVarious spp.

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name50% Acmena smithiiAcacia melanoxylon

Lilly PillyBlackwood


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 30% TMedium Shrub 2 10% MSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 4 25% GFEpiphyte 1 5% EPScrambler or Climber 7 20% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 32: Warm Temperate Rainforest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushT r Acronychia oblongifolia Yellow-woodMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberryMH Stellaria flaccida Forest StarwortMH Austrocynoglossum latifolium Forest Hound's-tongueSH Pyrrosia rupestris Rock Felt-fernSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Gahnia melanocarpa Black-fruit Saw-sedgeMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernGF Pellaea falcata s.l. Sickle FernGF Lastreopsis acuminata Shiny Shield-fernGF Pteris tremula Tender BrakeEP Microsorum scandens Fragrant FernSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Clematis glycinoides var. glycinoides Forest ClematisSC Geitonoplesium cymosum Scrambling LilySC Smilax australis Austral Sarsaparilla



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Black Nightshade high low SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high

high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 34: Dry Rainforest

Description:Open to closed non-eucalypt low forest or tall shrubland to 15 m tall. Occurs in areas of relatively low rainfall (750-900mm per annum) and primarily confined to topographic fire refuges most often associated with extensive cliffs, gorges and rock screes on northern and western aspects.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name50% Rapanea howittianaPittosporum undulatum

Mutton-woodSweet Pittosporum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 20% TMedium Shrub 9 20% MSLarge Herb 5 5% LHMedium Herb 12 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGGround Fern 5 10% GFEpiphyte 2 1% EPScrambler or Climber 6 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

Weediness: LF Code

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMSLH LH LH MH MH MH MH MH MH MH MTG MTG

Rubus fruticosus spp. agg.Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972)Cirsium vulgare Conyza spp. Hypochoeris radicataGamochaeta purpurea s.l. Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Polycarpon tetraphyllum Hypochoeris glabra Galium muraleAnagallis

BlackberryBlack Nightshade Spear Thistle FleabaneCat's EarPurple CudweedCommon Mouse-ear Chickweed Four-leaved AllseedSmooth Cat's-ear Small Goosegrass PimpernelSquirrel-tail

highhigh high high high high high h

highlow high low low low low low low low low low high


EVC 34: Dry Rainforest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Acacia implexa LightwoodT Acacia falciformis Pale Hickory WattleMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Cassinia trinerva Three-nerved CassiniaMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Sigesbeckia orientalis ssp. orientalis Indian WeedLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Solanum prinophyllum Forest NightshadeMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Sambucus gaudichaudiana White ElderberryMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH Pyrrosia rupestris Rock Felt-fernSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Lepidosperma urophorum Tailed Rapier-sedgeLTG Gahnia melanocarpa Black-fruit Saw-sedgeMTG Notodanthonia longifolia Long-leaf Wallaby-grassMTG r Libertia paniculata Branching Grass-flagMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Poa hothamensis Ledge GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicGF Pteris tremula Tender BrakeGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernGF Doodia australis Common Rasp-fernGF Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Green Rock-fernEP Microsorum pustulatum ssp. pustulatum Kangaroo FernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernEP Sarcochilus australis Butterfly OrchidEP Cassytha phaeolasia Rusty Dodder-laurelSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Celastrus australis Staff ClimberSC Morinda jasminoides Jasmine Morinda



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest

Description:Eucalypt forest to 25 m tall over an understorey characterised by a distinctive middle strata dominated by a diversity of narrow- leaved shrubs and a paucity of ferns, graminoids and herbs in the ground stratum.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus sieberi Eucalyptus baxteri s.l.Eucalyptus radiata s.l.

Messmate StringybarkSilvertop Ash Brown Stringybark


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 8 35% MSSmall Shrub 3 10% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeMS


Common NameDusty Miller

MS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Correa reflexa Common CorreaSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Lomatia ilicifolia Holly LomatiaSS R r Tetratheca stenocarpa Long Pink-bellsPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry


EVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1

ha.


EVC.






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest

Description:Valley Grassy Forest occurs under moderate rainfall regimes of 700-800 mm per annum on fertile well-drained colluvial or alluvial soils on gently undulating lower slopes and valley floors. Open forest to 20 m tall that may carry a variety of eucalypts, usually species which prefer more moist or more fertile conditions over a sparse shrub cover. In season, a rich array of herbs, lilies, grasses and sedges dominate the ground layer but at the drier end of the spectrum the ground layer may be sparse and slightly less diverse, but with the moisture-loving species still remaining.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name20% Eucalyptus radiata s.l.

Eucalyptus leucoxylon Eucalyptus melliodora

Narrow-leaf PeppermintYellow Gum Yellow


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 2 15% MSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 11 25% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 16 40% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS Myoporum sp. 1 Sticky BoobiallaMS Acacia pycnantha Golden WattleMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaLH Veronica gracilis Slender SpeedwellMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewSH Solenogyne dominii Smooth SolenogyneSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Austrostipa rudis Veined Spear-grassLTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Tricoryne elatior Yellow Rush-lilyMTG Arthropodium strictum s.l. Chocolate LilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low LTG Watsonia meriana var. bulbillifera Bulbil Watsonia high

highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

highMTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high MTG Sporobolus africanus Rat-tail Grasshigh high

MTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum high highMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high highMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high highSC Galium aparine Cleavers high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 48: Heathy Woodland

Description:Spans a variety of geologies but is generally associated with nutrient-poor soils including deep uniform sands (aeolian or outwash) and Tertiary sand/clay which has been altered to form quartzite gravel. Eucalypt-dominated low woodland to 10 m tall lacking a secondary tree layer and generally supporting a diverse array of narrow or ericoid-leaved shrubs except where frequent fire has reduced this to a dense cover of bracken. Geophytes and annuals can be quite common but the ground cover is normally fairly sparse.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Banksia serrata

50 cm40 cm

15 / ha


Character SpeciesEucalyptus willisii

Common NameJimmy’s Shining PeppermintEucalyptus obliqua Messmate Stringybark

Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Narrow-leaf PeppermintEucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana Rough-barked Manna

GumBanksia serrata Saw Banksia


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITMedium Shrub 5 30% MS

Small Shrub 5 20% SSMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code



MS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heathSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeMTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-tree

MNG

Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel


EVC 48: Heathy Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1

ha.


EVC.






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 53: Swamp Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 8 m tall at low elevations on alluvial deposits along streams or on poorly drained sites with higher nutrient availability. The EVC is dominated by Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia (or sometimes Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigerum) which often forms a dense thicket, out-competing other species. Occasional emergent eucalypts may be present. Where light penetrates to ground level, a moss/lichen/liverwort or herbaceous ground cover is often present. Dry variants have a grassy/herbaceous ground layer.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name50% Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree

Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 3 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeCoprosma quadrifida

Common NamePrickly Currant-bush

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeLH Lycopus australis Australian GipsywortLH Lythrum salicaria Purple LoosestrifeLH Persicaria praetermissa Spotted KnotweedMH Hydrocotyle pterocarpa Wing PennywortMH Stellaria angustifolia Swamp StarwortMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Baumea rubiginosa s.l. Soft Twig-rushMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMTG Juncus gregiflorus Green RushMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed


EVC 53: Swamp Scrub - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high







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Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland

Description:An open, eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall occurring on a number of geologies and soil types. Occupies poorly drained, fertile soils on flat or gently undulating plains at low elevations. The understorey consists of a few sparse shrubs over a species-rich grassy and herbaceous ground layer.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name20% Eucalyptus tereticornis ssp. medianaEucalyptus camaldulensis

Gippsland Red-gumRiver Red-gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 2 10% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 1 5% LHMedium Herb 10 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 9 35% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlack Sheoak

T Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraLTG Austrostipa rudis Veined Spear-grass

LNG

Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass


EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high MNG Romulea rosea Onion Grasshigh low

MNG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland

Description:An open eucalypt woodland to 20 m tall over a medium to tall shrub layer with a ground layer consisting of amphibious and aquatic herbs and sedges. Occurs along the banks and floodplains of the larger meandering rivers and major creeks, often in conjunction with one or more floodplain wetland communities. Elevation and rainfall are relatively low and soils are fertile alluviums subject to periodic flooding and inundation.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name20% Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus tereticornis ssp. mediana Eucalyptus ovata

River Red-gumGippsland Red Gum Swamp Gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 5 15% MSLarge Herb 7 15% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameLightwood

T Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Persicaria subsessilis Hairy KnotweedLH Senecio quadridentatus Cottony FireweedMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Veronica plebeia Trailing SpeedwellSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass

LNG

Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Juncus amabilis Hollow RushMTG Cyperus spp. Flat-sedge

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassM

NGEleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge

SC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed


EVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn high highT Fraxinus spp. Ash high

high MS Solanum pseudocapsicumMadeira Winter-cherry high lowMS Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum high highMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high

high LH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dockhigh low

LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Rumex crispus Curled Dock high lowLH Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow-cress high

high LH Helminthotheca echioidesOx-tonguehigh low

LH Verbena bonariensis s.l. Purple-top Verbena high highLH Aster subulatus Aster-weed high lowMH Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup high

high MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

MH Taraxacum officinale spp. agg. Garden Dandelion highlow MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

SH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover highlow SH Modiola caroliniana Red-flower

Mallow high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

highMTG Cyperus eragrostis Drain Flat-sedge high highMTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum high highMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high lowMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high highMNG Paspalum distichum Water Couch high highSC Galium aparine Cleavers high lowSC Tradescantia fluminensis Wandering Jew high high


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Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 59: Riparian Thicket

Description:Dense thickets of Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigerum and/or Scented Paperbark Melaleuca squarrosa to 6 m tall with occasional emergent eucalypts that occur on broad beds of small streams or on regular flooded terraces of large streams and rivers. Ground layer is dominated by a number of ferns, tree-ferns and sedges.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name50% Leptospermum lanigerumMelaleuca squarrosa

Woolly Tea-treeScented Paperbark


#Spp8

%Cover30%


Prostrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code



MS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Rosemary EverlastingMS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Dampiera stricta Blue DampieraSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Acacia brownii Heath WattlePS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedLH Epilobium pallidiflorum Showy Willow-herbMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall Sedge

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassL

NGGahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge

MTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-sedge

MNG

Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassM


MNG

Baumea tetragona Square Twig-sedgeGF Gleichenia dicarpa Pouched Coral-fernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry


EVC 59: Riparian Thicket - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Salix cinerea Grey Sallow high highT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine high highMS Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum high highMS Cotoneaster pannosus Velvet Cotoneaster high highMS Erica lusitanica Spanish Heath high

high SS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberryhigh high

LH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Black Nightshade high lowMH Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high lowSH Callitriche stagnalis Common Starwort high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high




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Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 61: Box Ironbark Forest

Description:Occurs on gently undulating rises, low hills and peneplains on infertile, often stony soils derived from a range of geologies. The open overstorey to 20 m tall consists of a variety of eucalypts, often including one of the Ironbark species. The mid storey often forms a dense to open small tree or shrub layer over an open ground layer ranging from a sparse to well-developed suite of herbs and grasses.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus polyanthemosEucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus globoideaEucalyptus tricarpa

Red BoxRed Stringybark White Stringybark


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% IT

Medium Shrub 4 20% MSSmall Shrub 3 10% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 10 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 10% MTGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 20% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NameMS Acacia pycnantha Golden WattleMS Acacia genistifolia Spreading WattleMS Pultenaea gunnii Golden Bush-peaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganSS Dillwynia phylicoides Small-leaf Parrot-peaSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathSS Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Grey Parrot-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Wahlenbergia stricta Tall BluebellMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Glossodia major Wax-lip OrchidMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis ssp. filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Lomandra nana Dwarf Mat-rushMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilySC Thysanotus patersonii Twining Fringe-lily


EVC 61: Box Ironbark Forest – Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland

Description:Eucalypt-dominated woodland to 15 m tall with occasional scattered shrub layer over a mostly grassy/sedgy to herbaceous ground-layer. Occurs on low-gradient ephemeral to intermittent drainage lines, typically on fertile colluvial/alluvial soils, on a wide range of suitably fertile geological substrates. These minor drainage lines can include a range of graminoid and herbaceous species tolerant of waterlogged soils, and are presumed to have sometimes resembled a linear wetland or system of interconnected small ponds.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus ovata

River Red GumSwamp Gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 2 5% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 12 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlack Wattle

MS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Acacia pycnantha Golden WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Acaena echinata Sheep's BurrSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grass

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass


EVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20m/0.1 ha

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear low lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel low lowLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass low highMNG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMNG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMNG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMNG Aira elegantissima Delicate Hair-grass high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub

Description:Shrubland to 10 m tall with occasional emergent eucalypts. Occurs on shallow colluvial soils along rocky cliffs and slopes associated with rivers and creeks and may extend onto alluvial terraces. Characterised by a dense medium to tall shrub layer over a ground layer which can range from low to high diversity and consist of a variety of graminoids, grasses and herbs. Ferns can often be a major component of the ground stratum.


Name25% Acacia dealbataPomaderris aspera

Silver WattleHazel Pomaderris

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 10 20% MSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 13 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 6 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 7 20% GFScrambler or Climber 4 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 82: Riverine Escarpment Scrub - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushSS Hibbertia obtusifolia Grey Guinea-flowerPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Ajuga australis Austral BugleLH Xerochrysum bracteatum Golden EverlastingLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Euchiton collinus s.l. Clustered/Creeping CudweedMH Veronica calycina Hairy SpeedwellMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoilLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa Veined Spear-grassLTG Lomandra longifolia ssp. exilis Cluster-headed Mat-rushLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedgeMTG Schoenus maschalinus Leafy Bog-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Pellaea falcata s.l. Sickle FernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Clematis glycinoides var. glycinoides Forest Clematis



Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus polyanthemus Blackberry high

high MS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberryhigh high

LH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

low MH Gamochaeta purpurea s.l. Purple Cudweedhigh low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland

Description:Woodland to 15 m tall generally occupying low energy streams of the foothills and plains. The lower strata are variously locally dominated by a range of large and medium shrub species on the stream levees in combination with large tussock grasses and sedges in the ground layer.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Swamp GumNarrow-leaf Peppermint


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 5 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 7 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



T Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkT Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-treeMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Bursaria spinosa Sweet BursariaLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedgeLTG Juncus procerus Tall Rush

LNG

Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rush

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken


EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high

low MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

MH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high highMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 125: Plains Grassy Wetland

Description:This EVC is usually treeless, but in some instances can include sparse River Red Gum Eucalyptus camaldulensis or Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata. A sparse shrub component may also be present. The characteristic ground cover is dominated by grasses and small sedges and herbs. The vegetation is typically species-rich on the outer verges but is usually species-poor in the wetter central areas.

Life forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeLarge Herb 3 10% LHMedium Herb 10 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

95%

LF Code v


Common NameSwamp Billy-buttons

LH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Myriophyllum crispatum Upright Water-milfoilMH Lythrum hyssopifolia Small LoosestrifeMH Centella cordifolia CentellaSH Neopaxia australasica White PurslaneSH Myriophyllum integrifolium Tiny Water-milfoilLTG Amphibromus nervosus Common Swamp Wallaby-

grassLNG Baumea arthrophylla Fine Twig-sedgeMTG Schoenus tesquorum Soft Bog-sedgeMTG Triglochin alcockiae Southern Water-ribbonsMTG Notodanthonia semiannularis Wetland Wallaby-grassMTG Austrodanthonia duttoniana Brown-back Wallaby-grassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat GrassMNG k Eleocharis macbarronii Grey Spike-sedgeMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked Arrowgrass



EVC 125: Plains Grassy Wetland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit high low MH Lotus corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil high highMH Mentha pulegium Pennyroyal high highMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high low SH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high

high LTG Watsonia meriana var. bulbilliferaBulbil Watsonia high high LNGHolcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog highhigh

MTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum high highMTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high highMTG Gladiolus undulatus Wild Gladiolus high lowMTG Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush high highMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high highMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high highMNG Paspalum distichum Water Couch high highTTG Cyperus tenellus Tiny Flat-sedge high lowSNG Sisyrinchium iridifolium Blue Pigroot high high

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Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest

Description:A low, open forest to 15 m tall with a sedgy/grassy understorey with a component of small ericoid shrubs and grass-trees. Soil and moisture factors are critical in delimiting the vegetation.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus melliodora

Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l.Eucalyptus cephalocarpa s.l.Eucalyptus obliqua

Yellow BoxBundySilverleaf Stringybark Messmate

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 7 15% MSSmall Shrub 5 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 20% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Daviesia leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-peaMS Cassinia arcuata Drooping CassiniaSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Grey Parrot-peaSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Leptorhynchos tenuifolius Wiry ButtonsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Scented SundewSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine high

high MS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberryhigh high

LH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 128: Grassy Forest

Description:Low growing forest to 20 m tall with an understorey of small and medium shrubs and a rich diversity of herbs. Large shrubs and understorey trees may also be conspicuous. Often grows in areas transitional between drier box stringybark forests and taller, herb-rich forests typical of more favourable environments.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name20% Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l.

Eucalyptus radiata s.l.BundyNarrow-leaf Peppermint


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 4 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 45% MTGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

EVC 128: Grassy Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Acacia stricta Hop WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Acaena agnipila Hairy Sheep's BurrMH Ranunculus lappaceus Australian ButtercupSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairSC Glycine clandestina Twining GlycineSC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 132_61: LaTrobe Valley Plains Grassland

Description:Treeless vegetation dominated by largely grass and herb life forms. Shrubs and trees may be also occasionally present.

Life Forms: Life form

#Spp1

%Cover1%

LF codeSSLarge Herb 2 5% LH

Medium Herb 12 30% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 40% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

95%

LF Code


Common Name

MH Eryngium ovinum Blue DevilMH Acaena echinata Sheep's BurrMH Drosera peltata ssp. peltata Pale SundewMH Leptorhynchos squamatus Scaly ButtonsSH Solenogyne dominii Smooth

SolenogyneMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-

sedgeMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

SC Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Pink Bindweed

Recruitment:

Episodic/Fire or Grazing. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


EVC 132_61: LaTrobe Valley Plains Grassland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactSS Galenia pubescens var. pubescens Galenia high

high LH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dockhigh low

LH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Senecio jacobaea Ragwort high highLH Rapistrum rugosum Giant Mustard high highLH Lepidium africanum Common Peppercress high lowLH Urtica dioica Giant Nettle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowSH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum high highMTG Sporobolus africanus Rat-tail Grass high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

highMTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high lowMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 132_62: South Gippsland Plains Grassland

Description:Treeless or with occasional scattered trees above a largely grassy understorey on grey silty-loamy soils, often seasonally waterlogged. Shrubs may be also occasionally present.

Life Forms:Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 5 5% LHMedium Herb 12 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 6 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 50% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover 95%

LF CodeLH


Common NameYellow Rush-lily

LH Leptorhyncos tenuifolius Wiry ButtonsLH Calocephalus lacteus Milky Beauty-headsLH Haloragis heterophylla Varied RaspwortMH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass

MTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-GrassMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge

MTG Austrodanthonia laevis Smooth Wallaby-grassMNG Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat Grass

MNG Distichlis distichopylla Australian Salt-grassSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved

ClematisRecruitment:

Episodic/Fire or Grazing.



EVC 132_62: South Gippsland Plains Grassland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactSS Galenia pubescens var. pubescens Galenia high

high LH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dockhigh low LH Plantago

lanceolata Ribwort high highLH Senecio jacobaea Ragwort high highLH Lepidium africanum Common Peppercress high lowLH Urtica dioica Giant Nettle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high low LH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high low MH Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweedhigh low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit high

high SH Trifolium repens var. repens White Cloverhigh high LNG Holcus lanatusYorkshire Fog high high MTGAnthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass highhigh MTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalumhigh high

MTG Sporobolus africanus Rat-tail Grass high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high lowMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

high MTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high highMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high high

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment August 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:


Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bewww.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 133: Limestone Pomaderris Shrubland

Description:Open woodland to 10 m tall or shrubland with scattered emergent eucalypts to 5 m tall occurring on steep, north facing aspects associated with limestone cliffs with an understorey dominated by medium shrubs. It is found at altitudes of 750 m above sea level and receives a moderate rainfall of approximately over 700 mm per annum.+ woodland onl y components (ignore when assessing shrubland areas and standardise final score as appropriate)


haTree Canopy Cover+:

%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree+ 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub+ 2 10% TMedium Shrub 9 45% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSLarge Herb 5 5% LHMedium Herb 10 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 30% MTGScrambler or Climber 3 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

EVC 133: Limestone Pomaderris Shrubland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT V v Acacia caerulescens Limestone Blue WattleMS K v Ozothamnus adnatus Winged EverlastingMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. lasiophylla Hairy BursariaMS R r Pomaderris oraria ssp. calcicola Limestone PomaderrisMS R r Pomaderris oraria Bassian PomaderrisSS r Pimelea flava ssp. dichotoma Diosma Rice-flowerSS Pimelea glauca Smooth Rice-flowerPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedLH r Arthropodium sp. 1 (robust glaucous) Tall Vanilla-lilyMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotMH Galium migrans Wandering BedstrawSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Cymbonotus preissianus Austral Bear's-earLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Austrostipa nodosa Knotty Spear-grassLTG Austrostipa blackii Crested Spear-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassGF Pleurosorus rutifolius s.l. Blanket FernSC k Clematis microphylla var. leptophylla Skeleton VineSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Pink Bindweed



Logs+:5 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

low LH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high

low MH Taraxacum officinale spp. agg.Garden Dandelion high low

MH Galium murale Small Goosegrass high lowMH Cardamine hirsuta s.l. Common Bitter-cress high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Petrorhagia velutina Velvety Pink high lowMH Veronica persica Persian Speedwell high lowMH Stellaria media Chickweed high lowMTG Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 134: Sand Forest

Description:Eucalypt forest to 20 m tall occurring on deep, low fertility sand deposits subject to high fire frequency. The understorey is visually dominated by Austral Bracken and the overall diversity is low.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus globoidea

Eucalyptus consideniana Eucalyptus obliqua

White StringybarkYertchukMessmate Stringybark

Understorey: Life

#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 3 5% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSMedium Herb 2 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 1 50% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10 % BL

LF CodeT


Common Name

T Banksia serrata Saw BanksiaMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Brachyloma daphnoides Daphne HeathMS Acacia paradoxa Hedge WattleSS Astroloma conostephioides Flame HeathPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathMH Goodenia geniculata Bent GoodeniaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common

RaspwortLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Austrodanthonia geniculata Kneed Wallaby-

grassMTG Lomandra nana Dwarf Mat-rushMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:15m/0.1 ha

EVC 134: Sand Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion


low MH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMNG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMNG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMNG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Aira elegantissima Delicate Hair-grass high lowMNG Holcus setosus Annual Fog high lowMNG Aira praecox Early Hair-grass high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 135: Gallery Rainforest

Description:Closed forest to 20 m tall occurring along the fringes of substantial streams that periodically flood. The understorey comprises of a number of willowy shrubs that can withstand flooding while mature woody vines are generally absent.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name50% Tristaniopsis laurinaAcacia melanoxylon

KanookaBlackwood

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 20% TMedium Shrub 12 30% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 6 20% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFEpiphyte 2 5% EPScrambler or Climber 8 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 135: Gallery Rainforest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blue OliveberryT Rapanea howittiana Mutton-woodMS Notelaea venosa Large Mock-oliveMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Lomatia myricoides River LomatiaMS Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Lance Beard-heathPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Gratiola peruviana Austral BrooklimeMH Opercularia aspera Coarse StinkweedSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMTG Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedgeMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Oplismenus hirtellus Australian Basket-grassGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernSC Eustrephus latifolius Wombat BerrySC Smilax australis Austral SarsaparillaSC Tylophora barbata Bearded TylophoraSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Conyza spp. Fleabane high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 136: Sedge Wetland

Description:Occupies seasonal wetlands and consists of generally treeless vegetation dominated by sedges. May contain a fringe of shrubs and isolated shrubs may also be present throughout. Usually of low diversity in central areas, but richer on verges and in some more ephemeral forms of the EVC. Frequently on soils of high organic content, in depressions within sandy terrain.

Life form:

Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 1 5% MS

Large Herb 1 5% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 30% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

85%

LF Code


Common NameSlender/Green SheoakLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Utricularia australis Yellow Bladderwort

MH Goodenia humilis Swamp GoodeniaMH Centella cordifolia CentellaLTG Baumea articulata Jointed Twig-sedgeLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeLNG Baumea rubiginosa s.l. Soft Twig-rushMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-

sedgeMNG Lepyrodia muelleri Common Scale-rushMNG Isolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedge

Recruitment:

Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.



EVC 136: Sedge Wetland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 140: Mangrove Shrubland

Description:Shrubland to 2m tall. Confined to protected low energy coastal environments where there is sufficient shelter from strong wave action and currents to allow the accumulation of fine sediments, generally on mud flats within the tidal zone.

Life Forms:Life formMedium Shrub

#Spp1

%Cover40%

LF code

Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

25%


Common NameMS

MNGAvicennia marina ssp. australasicaZostera muelleri

White MangroveDwarf Grass-wrack

Recruitment:

Continuous

Weediness:


EVC 140: Mangrove Shrubland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 141: Sandy Flood Scrub

Description:Structurally dominated by medium to large shrubs to 8 m tall with occasional eucalypt emergents. The understorey may contain a range of shrubs, grasses/sedges and herbs/ferns depending on location and period of inundation. Occupies alluvial terraces with coarse to fine sandy soils of permanent streams and rivers.


Name40% Leptospermum continentaleKunzea ericoides Pomaderris aspera

Prickly Tea-treeBurganHazel Pomaderris Black Wattle

Understorey: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp3

%Cover15%


Medium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Broom-heath

MS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Callistemon citrinus Crimson BottlebrushSS Hibbertia fasciculata var. prostrata Bundled Guinea-

flowerMH Phyllanthus hirtellus Thyme SpurgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLTG Carex appressa Tall Sedge

LNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMNG Caustis flexuosa Curly WigMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassTTG Centrolepis strigosa ssp. strigosa Hairy CentrolepisGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common Maidenhair



Logs:5 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)


EVC 141: Sandy Flood Scrub - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 151: Plains Grassy Forest

Description:Open forest to 20 m tall often above a heathy shrub layer and a diverse grassy, sedgy and herbaceous ground layer. Occurs on lowland plains and old river terraces made up of gravelly sandy clays.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus muellerianaEucalyptus bridgesiana s.l. Eucalyptus polyanthemos

Yellow StringybarkBut But Red

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 15% TMedium Shrub 6 20% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 151: Plains Grassy Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Acacia implexa LightwoodT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganMS Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Honey-myrtleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Phyllanthus hirtellus Thyme SpurgePS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Tricoryne elatior Yellow Rush-lilyLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high

low MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 155: Bird Colony Succulent Herbland

Description:Closed herbland formed on nutrient-enriched sandy substrates associated with shearwater and penguin breeding colonies. A species-poor EVC dominated by species able to cope with both the nutrient enrichment and the severe disturbance caused by the large numbers of burrowing birds.

Life Forms: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp1

%Cover10%

LF codeMSLarge Herb 2 5% LH

Medium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 10% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%

LF Code

Character SpeciesRhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana

Common NameSeaberry Saltbush

MH Plantago varia Variable PlantainMH Asperula conferta Common WoodruffMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-

grassSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower SpinachSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved

ClematisR

ecruitment:Continuous.

Organic Litter:NA

Weediness:LF CodeMS

Typical Weed SpeciesLycium ferocissimum

Common NameAfrican Box-thorn

Invasivehigh

Impacthigh

LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Senecio elegans Purple Groundsel high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear hig

hlow

MH Cakile maritima ssp. maritima Sea Rocket high lowL

NGAmmophila arenaria Marram Grass high high

LNG

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

highMTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high lowMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome h

ighlow

MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high highMNG Lagurus ovatus Hare's-tail Grass hig

hlow

MNG Vulpia fasciculata Dune Fescue high low

EVC 155: Bird Colony Succulent Herbland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 160: Coastal Dune Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 5 m tall with occasional emergents occurring on secondary dunes along ocean and bay beaches and lake shores. Occupies siliceous and calcareous sands that are subject to high levels of saltspray and continuous disturbance from onshore winds.

Life forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 6 50% MS

Large Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 3 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code


Common NameCoast Wattle

MS Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-treeMS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushMS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathSH Carpobrotus rossii KarkallaLTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassLTG Austrostipa flavescens Coast Spear-grassMTG Austrodanthonia geniculata Kneed Wallaby-

grassMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-sedgeSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach

Recruitment:



EVC 160: Coastal Dune Scrub - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseed high high MS Coprosma repens Mirror Bush low highMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn low highMS Cotoneaster pannosus Velvet Cotoneaster low highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowMH Salpichroa origanifolia Pampas Lily-of-the-Valley high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high highMH Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear high lowSH Medicago polymorpha Burr Medic high low SH Crassula multicava ssp. multicava Shade Crassula high lowSH Carpobrotus edulis Hottentot Fig high highLNG Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu high high MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high high MTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high lowMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Sporobolus africanus Rat-tail Grass high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Hainardia cylindrica Common Barb-grass high lowMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMNG Lagurus ovatus Hare's-tail Grass high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high low SC Tradescantia fluminensis Wandering Jew high highSC Delairea odorata Cape Ivy high highSC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high high

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 161: Coastal Headland Scrub

Description:Scrub or low shrubland to 2 m tall on steep, rocky coastal headlands often associated with cliffs exposed to the stresses of extreme salt-laden winds and salt spray from the south west. Occurs on shallow sands along rocky sections of the coast.


codeMedium Shrub 7 50% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 4 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameCoast Tea-tree

MS Acacia longifolia ssp. sophorae Coast WattleMS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushMS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathSS Leucophyta brownii Cushion BushSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-

flowerMTG Dianella brevicaulis Small-flower Flax-lilyMTG Lachnagrostis billardierei s.l. Coast Blown-grassMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-

grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved

ClematisSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMSMS LH MH M

Chrysanthemoides moniliferaPolygala myrtifolia var. myrtifolia Sonchus oleraceusHypochoeris radicata Ehrharta erecta var.

BoneseedMyrtle-leaf Milkwort Common Sow-thistle Cat's EarPanic Veldt-grass

highhigh high

highhigh low low hig

EVC 161: Coastal Headland Scrub - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 163: Coastal Tussock Grassland

Description:A tussock grassland that may contain emergent shrubs. Occurs on exposed coastal cliffs and bluffs. Soils are saline and the strong salt-laden winds preclude tree growth.


codeMedium Shrub 3 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameCoast Beard-heath

MS Correa alba White CorreaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Samolus repens Creeping

BrookweedMH Asperula conferta Common WoodruffMH Daucus glochidiatus Austral CarrotSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeLTG Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grassLTG Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-

grassMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge

MTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedge

MNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedge

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed

SpeciesCommon Name Invasive Impact

LH MHMH M

Sonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicataAnagallis arvensis Plantago coronopus

Common Sow-thistle Cat's EarPimpernelBuck's-horn Plantain Hairy Hawkbit

high highhigh

low lowlow

EVC 163: Coastal Tussock Grassland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 164: Creekline Herb-rich WoodlandDescription:Woodland or open forest to 15 m tall occurring on creek terraces and along shallow drainage lines with ephemeral flows. Soils are mostly alluvial deposits of seasonally wet sands and silts. Characterised by a sparse shrub layer above a grassy/sedgy understorey, often rich in herbs within the inter-tussock spaces.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Character SpeciesEucalyptus viminalis

Common NameManna Gum

Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum

Understorey:Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 5 15% MSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 5 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 2 20% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


Common NameTMS MS MS LH LH MH MH SH LTG LTG LTG LNG MTG MNG MNG MNG GF

Acacia melanoxylonLeptospermum continentale Ozothamnus ferrugineus Cassinia aculeataSenecio minimus Senecio linearifoliusLobelia ancepsSenecio sp. aff. tenuiflorus Oxalis exilisLomandra longifoliaLepidosperma laterale var. majus Poa labillardiereiGahnia radula Poa clelandiiMicrolaena stipoides var. stipoides Poa teneraImperata cylindrica

BlackwoodPrickly Tea-tree Tree Everlasting Common Cassinia Shrubby Fireweed Fireweed Groundsel Angled Lobelia Beaked Fireweed Shady Wood-sorrelSpiny-headed Mat-rush Variable Sword-sedgeCommon Tussock-grassThatch Saw-sedge Noah's Ark Weeping GrassSlender Tussock-R

ecruitment:Continuous


Logs:

10 m/0.1 ha.


EVC 164: Creekline Herb-rich Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseed high highMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high

low LH Crepis capillaris Smooth Hawksbeard high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high

high MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low MH

Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high

low SH Trifolium repens var. repens White Cloverhigh low

LTG Watsonia meriana var. bulbillifera Bulbil Watsonia highhigh LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Foghigh high

MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass highhigh MTG Romulea rosea Onion Grasshigh low

MTG Gladiolus undulatus Wild Gladiolus high low MTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high

highMTG Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass high low MTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum high

highMTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

highMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high highMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high lowSC Vicia sativa Common Vetch high low


• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 169: Dry Valley Forest

Description:Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall occurring along minor gullies, ephemeral streams and river flats. The understorey consists of a range of shrubs and herbs.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Character SpeciesEucalyptus globoidea

Common NameWhite Stringybark

Eucalyptus muelleriana Yellow StingybarkEucalyptus polyanthemos Red BoxEucalyptus macrorhyncha Red StringybarkEucalyptus radiata Narrow-leaf

PeppermintEucalyptus bridgesiana But But


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 4 30% MSMedium Herb 9 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



T Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisMS Kunzea ericoides BurganMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Hymenanthera dentata Tree VioletMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleMH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Viola hederacea Ivy-leaf VioletMH Veronica plebeia Trailing SpeedwellSH Opercularia hispida Hairy StinkweedSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge

MNG


NGLuzula campestris spp. agg. Field Woodrush

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis


EVC 169: Dry Valley Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low MH

Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed high

high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 175: Grassy Woodland

Description:A variable open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall or occasionally Sheoak woodland to 10 m tall over a diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on gentle slopes or undulating hills on a range of geologies.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Allocasuarina spp.

70 cm40 cm

15 / ha


Allocasuarina verticillataNarrow-leaf PeppermintDrooping Sheoak

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 6 15% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 8 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 175: Grassy Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Acacia paradoxa Hedge WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Tall GreenhoodMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Scented SundewLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Comesperma volubile Love CreeperSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 191: Riparian Scrub

Description:A dense shrubland to 6 m tall with occasional eucalypt emergents growing on waterlogged substrates often with a peaty surface horizon. Emergent eucalypts may be occasionally present. The understorey is often species-poor and consists typically of sedges tolerant of seasonal waterlogging. Occurs along creeks and minor stream tributaries of the lowland plains.


Name60% Melaleuca squarrosaLeptospermnum continentale

Scented PaperbarkPrickly Tea-tree

Understorey: Life form Medium Shrub

#Spp3

%Cover10%


Medium Herb 1 1% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 15% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Currant-bush

MS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Rosemary

EverlastiongSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMNG Baumea tetragona Square Twig-rushMNG Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedgeMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-

rushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Gleichenia microphylla Scrambling Coral-

fernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness:


EVC 191: Riparian Scrub - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 309: Calcareous Swale Grassland

Description:A low coastal grassland that develops on the swales of calcareous sand dunes of Quaternary origin. The only known location of this grassland, at Wilsons Promontory, was disturbed in the past and is now invaded by Coast Tea-tree, Silky Guinea-flower and Drooping Sheoak.

Lifeforms:Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 3 30% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 20% MNGScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code


Common NameCoast Tea-tree

MS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping SheoakSS Hibbertia sericea s.l. Silky Guinea-flowerPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Austrostipa flavescens Coast Spear-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grass

MNG

Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeM

NGBaumea juncea Bare Twig-sedge

SC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper


EVC 309: Calcareous Swale Grassland - Gippsland Plain bioregion


Organic Litter:10%

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high highMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high

high MH Arenaria serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifoliaThyme-leaved Sandwort high low

MTG Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high highUnd Hypochoeris spp. Cat's Ear high high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 311: Berm Grassy Shrubland

Description:Low shrubland to 1.5 m tall occurring in sheltered coastal areas where sand deposits have formed as a result of low energy wave action. Contains a number of halophytic species over a ground layer of grasses and herbs.


codeMedium Shrub 2 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 2 10% MHSmall Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameCoast Saltbush

MS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushSS Frankenia pauciflora var. gunnii Southern Sea-heathLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora ssp. quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum Jersey CudweedMH Actites megalocarpa Coast Sow-thistleSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-

flowerSH Dichondra repens KidneyweedLTG Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume

GrassMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMTG Austrofestuca littoralis Coast FescueMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:10%

Cover

Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS LHLH MHMH MH

Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera Sonchus oleraceusConyza albida Polycarpon tetraphyllumHypochoeris radicata Anagallis arvensisVulpia myuros Lagurus ovatus

BoneseedCommon Sow-thistle Tall FleabaneFour-leaved AllseedCat's Ear PimpernelRat's-tail Fescue Hare's-tail Grass

high highhigh highhig

high lowlow lowlow

EVC 311: Berm Grassy Shrubland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 316: Shrubby Damp Forest

Description:Grows in gullies and on protected slopes on relatively skeletal but fertile sedimentary soils. Occurs at elevations of around 500 m above sea level and receives a low to moderate annual rainfall of approximately 750 mm. The overstorey includes a variety of Eucalypt species to 30 m tall. Silver Wattle is a common understorey tree. The dense mid stratum is comprised ofmedium to large shrubs characteristic of both drier and damper environments. The ground layer has a sparse cover of grasses and herbs, and commonly includes Austral Bracken.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus obliqua Messmate

StringybarkUnderstorey:

Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 20% TMedium Shrub 8 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 10% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 4 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 15% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 316: Shrubby Damp Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Acacia dealbata Silver WattleT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushSS Olearia megalophylla Large-leaf Daisy-bushLH Senecio linearifolius Fireweed GroundselMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Austrodanthonia pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.


low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 641: Riparian Woodland

Description:Occurs beside permanent streams, typically on narrow alluvial deposits. Woodland to 20 m tall generally dominated by Eucalyptus camaldulensis over a tussock grass-dominated understorey. Tall shrubs may be present and amphibious herbs may occur in occasional ponds and beside creeks. While flooding may be common, sites are rarely inundated for lengthy periods.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name20% Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus viminalis ssp. viminalis Eucalyptus tereticornis

River Red-gumManna Gum Gippsland Red Gum

Understorey: Life


Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 4 10% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 4 15% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



T Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Hymenanthera dentata Tree VioletMS Callistemon sieberi River BottlebrushMS Gynatrix pulchella Hemp BushSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.s. Sprawling BluebellLH Senecio minimus Shrubby GroundselLH Myriophyllum crispatum Upright Water-milfoilMH Rumex brownii Slender DockMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelMH Mentha australis River MintMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Dichondra repens KidneyweedLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis var. filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water-ribbons

MNG

Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

EVC 641: Riparian Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20m / 0.1 ha

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue high

low LH Rumex crispus Curled Dockhigh low

LH Aster subulatus Aster-weed high lowLH Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow-cress high

high MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass highhigh MNG Paspalum distichum Water Couchhigh high

SC Galium aparine Cleavers high low




www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 651: Plains Swampy Woodland

Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with ground layer dominated by tussock grasses, sedges and herbs. Shrubs are often scattered throughout. Occurs on poorly drained, seasonally waterlogged heavy soils.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name10% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 3 15% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 30% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT



MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Asperula conferta Common WoodruffMH Centella cordifolia CentellaMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Hypericum japonicum Matted St John's WortLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Poa clelandii Noah's ArkMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass

MNG

Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassM

NGHemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat Grass


EVC 651: Plains Swampy Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

LTG Festuca arundinacea Tall Fescue high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMNG Holcus setosus Annual Fog high lowMNG Juncus capitatus Capitate Rush high lowTTG Cyperus tenellus Tiny Flat-sedge high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 653: Aquatic Herbland

Description:Herbland of permanent to semi-permanent wetlands, dominated by sedges (especially on shallower verges) and/or aquatic herbs. Occurs on fertile paludal soils, typically heavy clays beneath organic accumulations.


codeLarge Herb 2 10% LHMedium Herb 3 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 15% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 20% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NameSlender Knotweed

MH Myriophyllum verrucosum Red Water-milfoilMH Potamogeton pectinatus Fennel PondweedSH Lemna disperma Common DuckweedSH Azolla filiculoides Pacific AzollaSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerSH Wolffia australiana Tiny DuckweedLNG Typha orientalis Broad-leaf CumbungiLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Bolboschoenus caldwellii Salt Club-sedge

Recruitment:


Organic Litter:10%

Cover


LH MH

Aster subulatus Cotula coronopifolia

Aster-weed Water Buttons

high h

low high

EVC 653: Aquatic Herbland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 656: Brackish Wetland

Description:Sedgeland or herbland, occasionally grassland, dominated by salt-tolerant species, but samphires, if present usually with low cover. Typically occurs on heavy, at least seasonally shallowly inundated to waterlogged soils, on a range of geologies. Common in estuaries, along the shorelines of saline/brackish lakes and along poorly defined drainage lines near the coast.


codeLarge Herb 1 5% LHMedium Herb 4 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NameVariable Willow-herb

MH Myriophyllum verrucosum Red Water-milfoilMH Myriophyllum muelleri Hooded Water-milfoilMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matLTG Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea RushLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMNG Bolboschoenus caldwellii Salt Club-sedgeMNG Ruppia polycarpa Many-fruit TasselMNG Ruppia megacarpa Large-fruit TasselMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

Recruitment:



Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH MH

SH MTGMTG M

Cicendia filiformis Anagallis arvensisAnagallis minimaBromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Polypogon maritimus var. subspathaceusRomulea roseaBriza minor

Slender Cicendia PimpernelChaffweed Soft BromeCoast Beard-grass Onion Grass

high highhigh highhigh

low lowlow lowlow

EVC 656: Brackish Wetland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 674: Sandy Stream Woodland

Description:Reed, sedge or shrub-dominated woodland to 15 m tall with a large range of amphibious herbs. Occupies the beds of seasonal creeks where large amounts of course sand have been deposited by past flows, often resulting in a distinctive ‘U’ shape to the drainage line. Sites periodically inundated through the wetter months and soils moist throughout the year. Restricted to moderately high rainfall areas (>600 mm) where coarse parent material available upstream.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name10% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum



Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 15% TMedium Shrub 5 15% MSMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 20% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGTree Fern 1 1% TFGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



T Acacia dealbata Silver WattleMS Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bushMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleLH Persicaria decipiens Slender KnotweedMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-garssLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Typha domingensis CumbungiMTG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grassMTG Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower RushMTG Juncus caespiticius Grassy Rush

MNG


NGEleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge

MNG

Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeTF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Hypolepis spp. Ground Fern

EVC 674: Sandy Stream Woodland – Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Salix fragilis Crack Willow high highMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn low high MS Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom high high MS Rosa fruticosus spp. agg Blackberry high highMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LH Verbena bonariensis s.l. Purple-top Verbena high

high LH Rumex crispus Curled Dockhigh high

LH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock high highLH Conium maculatum Hemlock high highLH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue high lowLH Aster subulatus Aster-weed high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high low LH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Black Nightshade high

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

MH Foeniculum vulgare Fennel high highSH Modiola caroliniana Red-flower Mallow high lowLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high

high LTG Piptatherum miliaceum Rice Millethigh high

MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high highMTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high highMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high highMNG Paspalum distichum Water Couch high

high SC Tradescantia fluminensis Wandering Jewhigh high



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Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 707: Sedgy Swamp Woodland

Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with sedgy ground layer and a range of herbs tolerant of seasonal waterlogging. Occurs on poorly drained, seasonally wet flats on sandy soils over heavier subsoils.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum


#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 2 5% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 40% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 5% BL

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeLeptospermum continentale


LH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbMH Centella cordifolia CentellaMH Goodenia humilis Swamp GoodeniaMH Gratiola pubescens Glandular BrooklimeMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeLNG Baumea rubiginosa s.l. Soft Twig-rush



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.


EVC 651: Sedgy Swamp Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit high lowLTG Festuca arundinacea Tall Fescue high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high highMNG Holcus setosus Annual Fog high lowMNG Juncus capitatus Capitate Rush high lowTTG Cyperus tenellus Tiny Flat-sedge high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment July 2008






www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 710: Damp Heathland

Description:Developed on sites of intermittent waterlogging, typically wet in winter and dry in summer, with low nutrient availability. Closed tall heathland, or scrub if long unburnt. There is a dense ground layer of rushes and sedges, and sometimes emergent eucalypts.


codeMedium Shrub 5 50% MSSmall Shrub 5 10% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code



MS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaSS Hibbertia sericea s.l. Silky Guinea-flowerSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-

flowerSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeMTG Patersonia fragilis Short Purple-flagMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-

sedgeMTG Burchardia umbellata MilkmaidsMNG Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushMNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedgeSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-

laurelSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry

Recruitment:



Weediness:LF Code

MHTypical Weed SpeciesHypochoeris radicata

Common NameCat's Ear

Invasivehigh

Impactlow

EVC 710: Damp Heathland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 793: Damp Heathy WoodlandDescription:Woodland to 10 m tall with tall dense heathy understorey which becomes tall scrub if long unburnt in high rainfall areas. The ground layer consists of grasses, herbs, small shrubs and tough-leaved monocots. Developed on sandy soils of moderate to low fertility, typically wet in winter due to impeding layer in soil and dry in summer.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Character SpeciesEucalyptus cephalocarpa s.l.

Common NameMealy Stringybark

Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Eucalyptus ovata

Narrow-leaf PeppermintSwamp Gum

Understorey:Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 5 30% MSSmall Shrub 4 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 20% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C


Common NameMSMS MSMS SSSS PSMH SHLTG MTGMTG GF

Leptospermum continentaleEpacris impressa Banksia marginataKunzea ericoides Hibbertia ripariaHovea heterophylla Acrotriche serrulataGonocarpus tetragynusDrosera whittakeri ssp.

Prickly Tea-treeCommon Heath Silver BanksiaBurganErect Guinea-flower Common HoveaHoney-potsCommon Raspwort Scented Sundew Small Grass-tree Kangaroo GrassCommon Rapier-

Recruitment:



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.


MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low


EVC 793: Damp Heathy Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 821: Tall Marsh

Description:Occurs on Quaternary sedimentary geology of mainly estuarine sands, soils are peaty, silty clays, and average annual rainfall is approximately 600 mm. It requires shallow water (to 1 m deep) and low current-scour, and can only tolerate very low levels of salinity. Closed to open grassland/sedgeland to 2-3 m tall, dominated by Common Reed and Cumbungi. Small aquatic and semi-aquatic species occur amongst the reeds.


#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 3 10% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 6 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 40% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover 70%

LF CodeLH

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeMyriophyllum verrucosum

Common NameRed Water-milfoil

LH Myriophyllum salsugineum Lake Water-milfoilLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Rumex bidens Mud DockMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisMH Lepilaena bilocularis Small-fruit Water-matSH Lemna disperma Common DuckweedSH Azolla filiculoides Pacific AzollaSH Wolffia australiana Tiny DuckweedSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flowerLTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsLTG Juncus ingens Giant RushLNG Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Typha domingensis CumbungiLNG Typha orientalis Broad-leaf CumbungiMNG Lepilaena cylindrocarpa Long-fruit Water-matMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years


Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH MNG

Cotula coronopifolia Paspalum distichum

Water Buttons Water Couch

high hi

high hi


EVC 821: Tall Marsh - Gippsland Plain bioregion







www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 858: Coastal Alkaline Scrub (syn. Calcarenite Dune Woodland)

Description:Near-coastal, deep calcareous (alkaline) and largely stable sand dunes and swales commonly dominated by Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata. It occurs at low elevations of 20-60 m above sea level, average annual rainfall is approximately 550- 950 mm, and it occurs on a variety of geologies and soil types. Low woodland or tall shrubland to 8 m tall, typically with amedium shrub layer, small shrub layer and sedges, grasses and herbs in the ground layer.


Name30% Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolataAllocasuarina verticillata Leptospermum laevigatum

MoonahDrooping Sheoak Coast Tea-treeSweet Bursaria


codeMedium Shrub 4 30% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NameCoast Wattle

MS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathMS Acacia retinodes var. uncifolia Coast WirildaMS Pomaderris paniculosa Coast PomaderrisSS Hibbertia sericea s.l. Silky Guinea-flowerSS Pimelea serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thyme-leaf Rice-flowerMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Lachnagrostis billardierei s.l. Coast Blaown-grassMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass

MNG

Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeM


SC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper

EVC 858: Coastal Alkaline Scrub (syn. Calcarenite Dune Woodland) - Gippsland Plain bioregion




Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high lowMH Hypochoeris spp. Cat's Ear high lowMTG Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt-grass high highMTG Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass high lowMNG Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass high low SC Myrsiphyllum asparagoides Smilax Asparagus high

high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 863: Floodplain Reedbed

Description:A closed to open grassland to 2–3 m tall, dominated by Common Reed. Small aquatic and semi-aquatic species occur amongst the reeds. It occurs on swamps on river plains, especially the lower reaches of the floodplain. Soils are Quaternary stream alluvium with floodplain and low level terrace deposits consisting of silt, clay and peat. Swamp Paperbark frequently fringes the margins of these reed beds.


codeMedium Shrub 1 5% MSLarge Herb 2 10% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 30% LNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF Code


Common NameKangaroo Apple

MH Myriophyllum crispatum Upright Water-milfoilLH Lycopus australis Australian GipsywortLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

Recruitment:


Organic Litter:

10% cover


LHMH

Aster subulatusCotula coronopifolia

Aster-weedWater Buttons

highhigh

lowhigh

EVC 863: Floodplain Reedbed - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 875: Blocked Coastal Stream Swamp

Description:Margins of coastal streams that are consistently flooded for long periods where the entrances become plugged by sand during low flow periods. The blockage is breached during floods, briefly exposing the wetlands before the mouth silts up and the dammed river overflows, flooding the habitat of this EVC. Soils are peats derived from Quaternary swamp and lagoonal deposits. Elevation is near sea level and average annual rainfall is 900 mm.


#Spp3

%Cover25%

LF codeLHMedium Herb 1 5% MH

Small or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 55% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

90%

LF Code

Speices typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NamePurple Eyebright

LH Typha domingensis Narrow-leaf CumbungiLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herb

MH Utricularia dichotoma s.l. Fairies' ApronsMH Drosera binata Forked SundewMH Cardamine gunnii s.l. Common Bitter-

cressSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortLNG r Cladium procerum Leafy Twig-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-

sedgeMTG r Lachnagrostis rudis Ruddy Blown-grassMTG Isolepis platycarpa Broad-fruit Club-

sedgeMTG Juncus caespiticius Grassy RushMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked

ArrowgrassMNG Schoenus nitens Shiny Bog-sedgeMNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedge

Recruitment:




EVC 875: Blocked Coastal Stream Swamp - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 876: Spray-zone Coastal Shrubland

Description:A wind-pruned salt-affected open shrubland usually less than 1 m tall (with occasional emergent taller shrubs) that occurs on the most exposed coastal areas subject to salt-spray and run-off at the crest of sea cliffs. This EVC usually occurs in association with taller Coastal Headland Scrub (EVC 161).

Life forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 5% MS

Small Shrub 4 30% SSMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF CodeMS


Common NameCoast Daisy-Bush

MS Alyxia buxifolia Sea BoxSS Leucophyta brownii Cushion BushSS Ozothamnus turbinatus Coast EverlastingSS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushSS Correa alba White CorreaMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Samolus repens Creeping

BrookweedMH Senecio piannatifolius Toothed GroundselMH Actites megalocarpa Coast Sow-thistleSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-

flowerSH Carpobrotus rossii KarkallaSH Calandrinia calyptrata Pink PurslaneLTG Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grassLTG Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-

grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMTG Lachnagrostis billardierei s.l. Coast Blown-grassMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-

grassMTG Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella brevicaulis Small-flower Flax-

lilySC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach

Recruitment:

Continuous


EVC 876: Spray-zone Coastal Shrubland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LNG Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu high

highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high highMS Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseed high

high MS Polygala myrtifolia var. myrtifoliaMyrtle-leaf Milkwort high high

MS Coprosma repens Mirror Bush high highMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn high

high MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grasshigh high

SC Delairea odorata Cape Ivy high high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 877: Lowland Herb-rich Forest

Description:Primarily occurs in gullies and along lower slopes close to minor drainage lines. Soils are reasonably fertile colluvial loams. Open eucalypt forest to 20 m tall with a range of medium shrubs conspicuous in the mid-stratum. The ground layer is dominated by a dense cover of grasses and a high diversity of tussock-forming graminoids and herbs.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name30% Eucalyptus cypellocarpaEucalyptus globoidea Eucalyptus polyanthemos

Mountain Grey-gumWhite Stringybark

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 10% TMedium Shrub 4 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 13 30% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

EVC 877: Lowland Herb-rich Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS r Zieria smithii Sandfly ZieriaMS Kunzea ericoides BurganMS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaMS Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Honey-myrtleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaLH Stypandra glauca Nodding Blue-lilyLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Pterostylis concinna Trim GreenhoodSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Luzula meridionalis Common WoodrushMTG Lomandra filiformis ssp. coriacea Wattle Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella caerulea var. caerulea Paroo LilyMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Entolasia marginata Bordered PanicSC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high

high LH Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane high lowLH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high

low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowSH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high low






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 879: Coastal Dune Grassland

Description:Consists of grasses and halophytes (succulents) that colonise the foredunes of ocean beaches. Soils are siliceous sands that have a very low humus content.


codeMedium Shrub 1 5% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 4 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 25% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF Code



SS Suaeda australis Austral SeabliteMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Actites megalocarpa Dune ThistleMH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselSH Carpobrotus rossii KarkallaSH Crassula sieberiana Sieber CrassulaSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-

flowerSH Apium annuum Annual CeleryMTG Dianella brevicaulis Small-flower Flax-

lilyMTG Carex pumila Strand SedgeMNG Spinifex sericeus Hairy SpinifexMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved

ClematisR

ecruitment:Continuous


Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH MHMH MTGLTG

Sonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicataLeontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Thinopyrum

Common Sow-thistle Cat's EarHairy Hawkbit Sea Wheat-grassMarram Grass

high highhigh

low lowlow highhigh

EVC 879: Coastal Dune Grassland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 895: Escarpment Shrubland

Description:Occurs on rocky escarpments in steep valleys or gorges, associated with limestone or basalt. Sites have moderate to high fertility, are well-drained but subject to regular summer drought due to shallow soils. . Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall or non- eucalypt shrubland to 8 m tall, sometimes with occasional eucalypts; lichen-covered rock outcrops are common.+ eucalypt woodland o n l y components (ignore when assessing shrubland areas and standardise site condition score as required)


haTree Canopy Cover:

%cover15%

Character SpeciesAcacia implexa

Common NameLightwood

Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping SheoakAcacia mearnsii Black WattleBursaria spinosa Sweet BursariaEucalyptus radiata Narrow-leaf

PeppermintUnderstore

y: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree+ 5% IT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub+ 3 10% TMedium Shrub 3 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 9 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF CodeMS r


Common NameFragrant Saltbush

MS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushLH Wahlenbergia communis s.l. Tufted BluebellMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelMH Maireana enchylaenoides Wingless BluebushMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushSH Chamaesyce drummondii Flat SpurgeSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Austrostipa bigeniculata Kneed Spear-grassMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grassMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMNG Panicum effusum Hairy PanicGF Cheilanthes distans Bristly Cloak-fernSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Pink Bindweed

EVC 895: Escarpment Shrubland - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha+.5 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Schinus molle Pepper Tree high highMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn high highMS Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom high highSS Marrubium vulgare Horehound high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue high lowLH Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce high lowLH Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard high highLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high low LH Verbascum thapsus ssp. thapsus Great Mullein high

high LH Echium plantagineum Paterson's Cursehigh high

LH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high lowLH Foeniculum vulgare Fennel high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Trifolium arvense var. arvense Hare's-foot Clover high low MH Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover high low MH Trifolium campestre var. campestre Hop Clover high low MH Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Narrow-leaf Clover high low MH Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil high low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low SH Medicago polymorpha Burr Medic high lowSH Trifolium glomeratum Cluster Clover high lowSH Modiola caroliniana Red-flower Mallow high lowSH Aptenia cordifolia Heart-leaf Ice-plant high highLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highLNG Avena fatua Wild Oat high lowMTG Nassella trichotoma Serrated Tussock high highMTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome high lowMTG Sporobolus africanus Rat-tail Grass high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high low MTG Pentaschistis airoides ssp. airoides False Hair-grass high low MTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high lowwww.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 902: Gully Woodland

Description:Woodland or open forest to 20 m tall occurring along moderately steep gullies. Soils are mostly colluvial deposits of sands and silts. Characterised by a medium dense small tree and shrub layer above a grassy/sedgy understorey, often rich in herbs within the inter-tussock spaces.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name20% Eucalyptus viminalisEucalyptus ovata

Manna GumSwamp Gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 6 15% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFScrambler or Climber 4 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:10 m/0.1

ha.

EVC 902: Gully Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Bursaria spinosa Sweet BursariaT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Cassinia aculeata DogwoodSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John’s-wortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Dichondra repens KidneyweedSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stpied Wallaby-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale var. laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairGF Doodia australis Common Rasp-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Pandorea pandorana Wonga VineSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaf ClematisSC Comesperma volubile Love CreeperEP Amyema pendula Drooping Mistletoe

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseed high highMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Oxalis pes-caprae Soursob high

high MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low MH Oxalis incarnata Pale Wood-sorrel high

highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high MTG Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt Grass high highMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

highMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high highMNG Allium triquetrum Angled Onion high

high MNG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Benthigh high

SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high high



Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 914: Estuarine Flats Grassland

Description:Closed to open grassland to 1.5 m tall with occasional shrubs occurring on estuarine flats often associated with current or old beach berms or sand sheets that are occasionally inundated by high tides. Occupies areas on marginally higher ground inland from Coastal Saltmarsh.


codeMedium Shrub 2 5% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 3 15% MHSmall Herb 4 15% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

85%

LF Code



MS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushSS Frankenia pauciflora var. gunnii Southern Sea-

heathLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora ssp. quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Suaeda australis Austral SeabliteMH Samolus repens Creeping

BrookweedSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flowerSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat

SH Hemichroa pentandra Trailing HemichroaLTG Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grassLTG Gahnia filum Chaffy Saw-sedgeMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-

grassMTG Lachnagrostis billardierei ssp. billardierei Coast Blown-grassMNG Spinifex sericeus Hairy SpinifexMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-

grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:10%

Cover

Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact

MSLH LH MH MH MH MNG M

Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. moniliferaSonchus oleraceus Conyza albidaPolycarpon tetraphyllum Hypochoeris radicata Anagallis arvensis

BoneseedCommon Sow-thistle Tall FleabaneFour-leaved Allseed Cat's EarPimpernelRat's-tail Fescue Hare's-tail Grass

highhigh high high hig

highlow low low lo


EVC 914: Estuarine Flats Grassland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 934: Brackish Grassland

Description:Grassland or sedgeland occurring on silts in low-lying areas within brackish floodplains. Often occurs in association with Brackish Wetland.


codeLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 20% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameAnnual Fireweed

MH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Sebaea albidiflora White SebaeaMH Calocephalus lacteus Milky Beuaty-headsSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Utricularia tenella Pink BladderwortLTG Gahnia filum Chaffy Saw-sedgeLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassMTG Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grassMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMTG Austrodanthonia geniculata Kneed Wallaby-grassMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass




EVC 934: Brackish Grassland - Gippsland Plain bioregion






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 937: Swampy Woodland

Description:Open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with ground-layer dominated by tussock grasses and/or sedges and often rich in herbs. Occurs on poorly drained, seasonally waterlogged heavy soils, primarily on swamp deposits but extending to suitable substrates within some landscapes of sedimentary origin.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Eucalyptus cephalocarpa s.s.Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Eucalyptus obliqua

Swamp GumMealy Stringybark Narrow-leaf Peppermint Messmate


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 2 20% MSMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 4 30% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameSwamp Paperbark

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Centella cordifolia CentellaMH Gratiola peruviana Austral BrooklimeSH Mazus pumilio Swamp MazusLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-

sedgeMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Juncus holoschoenus Joint-leaf Rush

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:15 m/0.1

ha.

EVC 937: Swampy Woodland - Gippsland Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 938: Shrubby Gully Forest

Description:An open eucalypt forest to woodland to 20 m tall confined to narrow bands along low gradient gullies on minor streams within foothills. Often associated with granite soils. The understorey is dominated by shrubs, sedges and ferns and lacks the diversity of herbs and grasses associated with drainage lines on more fertile soils.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus ovataEucalyptus viminalis ssp. viminalis

Narrow-leaf PeppermintSwamp Gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 5 20% MSMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 4 20% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT



T Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkT Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp PaperbarkMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMH Veronica plebeia Trailing SpeedwellMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoilLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock GrassLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedge

LNG

Phragmites australis Common ReedL

NGGahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge

MTG Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry

EVC 938: Shrubby Gully Forest - Gippsland Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high






Gippsland Plain bioregionEVC 953: Estuarine Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 6 m tall growing on the edge of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity and poor drainage conditions. Dominated by Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia with a halophytic (succulent) ground layer dominated by graminoids and herbs. Often occurs in close association with Estuarine Wetland.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name50% Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark


#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 10% MSMedium Herb 3 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover 60%

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeRhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana

Common NameSeaberry Saltbush

MS Atriplex cinerea Coast SaltbushMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous GoosefootMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea CeleryMTG Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grassMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass




Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH LNG

Hypochoeris radicata Holcus lanatus

Cat's Ear Yorkshire Fog

high hi

low high


EVC 953: Estuarine Scrub - Gippsland Plain bioregion







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