evk3- 2001- 00046 workshop - icm-csic · workshop management of recreational waters in relationship...
TRANSCRIPT
WORKSHOPManagement of recreational waters in relationship with harmful microalgae
blooms (HAB) in the Mediterranean Sea25 – 26th October 2004
Hotel Don Antonio, Peguera- Calvià, Mallorca
EVK3- 2001- 00046
Strategy Workshop, Calvia, 25-26 October 2004
HABs Research Programmein Murcia, SE Spain.
Javier GilabertTechnical University of Cartagena
Spain
Funded by “Fundación Séneca”
Aims
1) To identify potential toxic species in coastal waters of Murcia Region, SE Spain.
2) To study their ecology, particularly their relationships with the eutrophication process.
3) To establish a mechanism of diagnosis to predict potential risks in sensitive areas.
4) To design a monitoring programme to adopt the European directive.
HarboursAquaculture
A
B C D
E
Aguilas
Mazarrón
Cabo Tiñoso
Cartagena
Gorgel
300 Km coastline
The coastline
Mar Menor
Mar Menor
Harbours Aquaculture
37º 38’ - 37º 50’ N0º 42’ - 0º 52’ W
135 Km2
Mar Menor75 Km perimeter 12 yacht harbours
Substrate mostly muddy covered by Caulerpa prolifera
Maximum depth 6,6 mAverage depth 4 m
Time (months)J F M A M J J A S O N D J
Phytoplankton
0
500
1000
1500
2000D
ensi
ty (c
ells
· m
L-1)
Rhodomonas spp. (85%)
Cyclotella spp. (70%)
Small Dinofl.
Dinoflagellates (30%)
Euglenals (2%)Pyramimonas (8%)
Rhodomonas (40%)
Rhodomonas (70%)
Rhodomonas Diatoms (15%)
Diatoms (90%) Diatoms (80%)
Diatoms (20%)
Small Dinofl. (15%)Small Diatoms (20%)
Journal of Plankton Research, 2001, 23(2): 207-218.
Time (months)J F M A M J J A S O N D J
Diatoms
Den
sity
(cel
ls ·
mL-
1 )
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Chaetoceros
Nitzschia cf. closterium
Cyclotella
Time (months)J F M A M J J A S O N D J
Dinoflagellates
0
100
200350
400Ceratium furca
Journal of Plankton Research, 2001, 23(2): 207-218.
Temporal Series
Time (monts)
Bio
volu
me
(ppm
)
0,000,050,100,15
0,000,25
0,500,75
1,001,25
1,50
1
10
100
1000
3 5
50F M A M J J A SO N D J
Bio
volu
me
(ppm
)
Particle Size
Diameter (µm)Time (months)
Biovolume SpectraAnnual Cycle
J F M A M J J A S O N D J
Particle Size Distribution
Particle Size (diameter, µm)
1 10 100 1000
Bio
volu
me
(ppm
)
0,000,050,100,150,20
Time (months)J F M A M J J A S O N D J
NO
- 3 (µ
g-at
.· L-
1)
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
E 3 - 1988
Nitrate
E F M A M J J A S O N D
Phosphate
Time (months)
PO- 4
(µg-
at·L
-1)
0
1
2
3
4E3 1988
NO
- 3 (µ
g-at
.· L-
1)
012345678
Time (months)J F M A M J J A S O N D J
E 2 - 1997
Nitrate
E F M A M J J A S O N D
Phosphate
Time (months)PO
- 4 (µ
g-at
·L-1
)012345678
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4E2 1997
-
12/03/97
690000 694000 698000 702000
4168000
4170000
4172000
4174000
4176000
4178000
4180000
4182000
4184000
4186000
4188000
14/04/97
µg-at ·L-1
690000 694000 698000 702000
0.000.050.100.400.801.201.602.002.402.803.203.604.004.404.805.506.50
Distribution of nitrate
Pérez-Ruzafa et al. 2002. Hydrobiologia, 475, 359
Some preliminary analysis - based on logistic regression models between environmental variables and presence of species (Multivariate analysis - Dual Scaling)-
Suggest:
Large dinoflagellates seem to respond to N:P relationshipSmall dinoflagellates seem to respond to PDiatoms do not seem to follow any regular pattern
-2 -1 0 1 2 3-3
-1
1
3
5
AST1
AST2
AST3CHA1
CHA3
DAG1
DAG2
DAG3DAG4
DAP1
DAP2DNG1
DNG10
DNG12
DNG13
DNG14
DNG15
DNG16
DNG17
DNG2DNG3
DNG4
DNG5
DNG6
DNG8
DNG9DNP2
DNP3
DNP4DNP5
DNP7
DNP8DNP9
NIT1
NIT2
NIT3
NIT4PEN1
PEN2
PEN3
PEN4
PEN5
PEN6
PEN7PEN8
CHLA
PYRA
SOLUCIÓN 1
SO
LUC
IÓN
2
DUAL SCALINGBIPLOT DE LAS SOLUCIONES 1 Y 2
Gutiérrez et al. Control of phytoplankton occurrence probability by environmental variables in the Mar Menor.
Phosphorus
N:P
Eutrophication process in
the Mar Menor lagoon
jellyfish blooms
Rhizostoma pulmo
Pérez-Ruzafa et al. 2002. Hydrobiologia, 475, 359
Changes in: nutrient dynamicstrophic structure
Cotylorhiza tuberculata
3D-Hydrodynamicscurrents
3D-Hydrodynamicsdiffusion
Harbours
Mediterranean Sea1 Industrial
Cartagena - Escombreras4 Fisheries
San Pedro del PinatarCartagenaMazarrónAguilas
17 YachtTomás MaestreCabo de PalosMazarrónAguilas+11 in the Mar Menor
Yacht Harbours
Mar Menor
Dos MaresLa IsletaMar de CristalIslas MenoresLos NietosLos UrrutiasLos AlcázaresCARSLa RiberaSan JavierLo Pagán
Cartagena Port
Industrial - Commercial – Fisheries - Military
Two locations: Cartagena - Escombreras(the second one recently enlarged)
Oil (refine) - Natural Gas(origin in the Persian Gulf - Algeria)Introduction of exotic species with ballast waters?
AquacultureAguilas
Cabo Tiñoso
11 administrative licenses for aquaculture in floating cages
75% of regional fisheries(x6 in the last years)
5477 Tm = 90.72 M euros
Sparus auratusAguilas
Red TunaMazarrónCabo TiñosoEl GorgelS. Pedro Pinatar
Industrial
Off San Pedro del Pinatar and El Gorgel (to 1600 m)- Total amount 4.000 Tm (= 304 Ha)- Rectangular areas about 1600 x 400 m
with corridors 100 m width- 4 areas (1000 Tm biomass maximum each)
4 cages about 90 m diameter 6 cages about 50 m
- Sampling instruments- Chemical analysis- Culture laboratories
Thanks for your attention !