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Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs

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Page 1: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

Evolution

How Gene Pool Change

Occurs

Page 2: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

What exactly is a SPECIES?

•Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring

•Example: Labrador and Pitt Bull

•Non-example: Horse and Donkey

Page 3: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

The formation of a new species from a preexisting population is called: SPECIATION.

Page 4: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

Changes in the gene pool can cause the population to evolve

Changes in the gene pool may be a result of many different causes

Causes of Change

Page 5: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

Standard 8d• Students know reproductive or geographic isolation affects speciation.

Page 6: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

Causes of Change1.Mutations in the genes (DNA) of

individuals causing new adaptations.

Are mutations always bad?

2.Reproductive Isolation: individuals unable to breed together: behavior or physical characteristics

Page 7: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

Types of Reproductive Isolation

1. Geographic Isolation-population is split by some physical barrier: river, mountain, oceani.e. Albert & Kaibab squirrels of the Grand Canyon

2. Behavioral Isolation- two populations are capable of interbreeding but have different mating rituals or routines. i.e. eastern & western meadowlarks

Page 8: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:
Page 9: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

3. Temporal Isolation- two or more species reproduce at different times.i.e. three types of rain forest orchids

Page 10: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

Standard 8c•Students know the effects of genetic drift on the diversity of organisms in a population.

Page 11: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

Sometimes the gene pool just changes……Genetic Drift is cause of evolution by random chance

No Natural Selection

Happens in small populations

Page 12: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

2 types of Genetic Drift

1. Bottleneck Effect- a high percentage of a population is killed by a random act

reducing variation in the gene pool.2. Founder Effect- change in

allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small

subgroup of a population

Page 13: Evolution How Gene Pool Change Occurs. What exactly is a SPECIES? Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring Example:

1 Population Genetics. 2 The Gene Pool Members of a species can interbreed & produce fertile offspring Species have a shared gene pool Gene pool – all

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