evolution (ii). common fallacies about evolution progressivism fallacy teleology fallacy...
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Evolution (II)
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Common Fallacies about Evolution
• Progressivism Fallacy
• Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)
<-HUMAN
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How Fast is Evolution?
• Gradualism Hypothesis
(Charles Darwin)
• Punctuated Equilibrium Hypothesis (Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldrege)
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DARWIN’S FINCHES
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Natural Selection in Action*
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Daphne Major
Normal year Drought year
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The story of the ground finch
• Medium Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis)
• Seed Eater
• Every year on Daphne all the birds are caught and measured
• Their food size is measured
Ground finch
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Beak Depth is Inherited
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Figure 01.08
Drought
Seed size and
hardness
Year
What happened to the food ?
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Drought
What happened to the finches?
Beak size
Year
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Finch Summary
• Beak depth is a trait that responds to changing environmental conditions
• Beaks appear to be an adaptation for feeding
• Evolution is a process-continually in operation– Sometimes measurable in real time
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Evidence of Evolution by Natural Selection
• Fossil record
• Age of the Earth
• The mechanisms of heredity
• Molecular biology
• Comparative anatomy
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The crossing over of alleles between matched pairs of chromosomes during meiosis