evolution of computers
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Useful for college studentsTRANSCRIPT
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EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERSCOMPUTER GENERATIONS
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FIRST GENERATION (MID 1940’S)
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FIRST GENERATION (MID 1940’S) Vacuum tubes were used as electronic
components Machine language was used (0/1) Input was given through punch cards,
paper tapes and result in the form of printouts
As big as a room in size Cost was very high
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SECOND GENERATION (1956)
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SECOND GENERATION (1956) Vacuum tubes were replaced by
transistors Size of transistors smaller than vacuum
tubes Assembly language was used Consumed less power, faster and
reliable Size and price were reduced
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THIRD GENERATION (1964)
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THIRD GENERATION (1964) Integrated circuits (IC’s) made up of
small crystal of silicon were used Structured programming language – C
and COBOL Increased speed and efficiency Input – keyboard and output – monitor Decrease is size, power consumption,
heat generation and cost
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FOURTH GENERATION (1971 AND PRESENT)
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FOURTH GENERATION (1971 AND PRESENT) Microprocessor chips were used- made
up of thousands of IC on a single chip Object oriented programming language
and domain specific language – C++, SQL (database)
High processing speed, high reliability and low power consumption
Decrease in size and cost
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FIFTH GENERATION(PRESENT AND FUTURE)
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FIFTH GENERATION(PRESENT AND FUTURE) Computers dealing with Artificial
Intelligence (AI), expert systems and robotics
Still in development phase Main goal is to respond to natural
language Use of quantum, molecular and nano
technology
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EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS
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MID 1800S – 1930S
EARLY MECHANICAL COMPUTERS
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DIFFERENCE ENGINE- CHARLES BABBAGE
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Z1 (1890)
Used to take US census
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1930S
ELECTRO – MECHANICAL COMPUTERS
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Z3
Used during WORLD WAR II to decrypt German codes
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1940S
ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS
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COLOSSUS
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THE BABY
Used William Tube – type of RAM
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1950S
THE FIRST COMMERCIAL COMPUTERS
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UNIVAC
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IBM 650
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1960S
MICROCHIP AND MICROPROCESSOR
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MICROCHIP
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1970S
PERSONAL COMPUTER
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COMMODORE PET
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1980S – 1990S
EARLY NOTEBOOKS AND LAPTOPS
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OSBORNE 1
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GAVILAN SC
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2000S
RISE OF MOBILE COMPUTING
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DROID
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LATE 2000S
NETBOOKS
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ASUS EEE PC 700