evolution of management slide
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/13/2019 Evolution of Management Slide
1/5
Evolution of Management Organization Thoughts
Period Pre 1800 1880-1930 1930-1960 1960 1970 onward
Nature OfSociety
Locus of
Work
Nature Of Work
Key Resources
Mgt. & Org.
Theory
Assumptions
About Human
Nature
Focus of
Managerial
Control
Role of
Management
AGRARIAN INDUSTRIAL POST- INDUSTRIAL
Form/Home Factory Office
Physical Physical Social Services Abstract
Agr./Craft Manufacturing Computer Mediated
LAND MACHINERY KNOWLEDGE
CLASSICAL NEOCLASSICAL Management MODERN THEORIES
PRE SCIENTIFIC Scientific Mgt H.Relation Science System View
Admin theory Contingency Theories
Bureaucracy Behavioral Science Information Theory
Economic Man Social Self Actualized Complex Man
Person Man
Pattern of Physical Movement & Precise Patterns of Social Pattern Of AttentionWays of performing Work Interaction
Maintains Employees Facilitates Employees
Control Employees Behavior social system Development
-
8/13/2019 Evolution of Management Slide
2/5
Evolution of Organization and Management Theory toward Systems oncepts and ontingency Views
TRADITIONAL VIEWS MODIFICATIONS EMERGING APPROACHES
SYSTEM CONCEPTS CONTINGENCY VIEWS
Managerial
subsystem
Technical
subsystem
Goals &
Values
subsystem
Psycho-
social
subsystem
Structural
subsystem
Scientific Management
Efficient Task
erformanceManagement
Science
Bureaucratic Model
Authority & Structure
Behavioral Sciences
Psychological,
social, cultural
Issues
Administrative Theory
Universal Principles of
Management
Organization Design
and management
practice based on
understanding
configurations
among subsystems
and interactions
among relevant
variables in specific
situations
-
8/13/2019 Evolution of Management Slide
3/5
The Classical Approach to the study of organization and Management
ENVIRONMENT
Static, Stable, Predictable
Structure TASK
Size High Effectiveness for
Hierarchical Level well structured tasks
Span of Control
Line & Staff
Critical dimension End ProductsProcess Human
Objective Setting ORGANIZATION Meets Physiological &
Planning, Organizing, Safety Needs
Deciding, staffing,
Evaluating, directing
Controlling etc.
Dysfunctions
Values Methods of Research Displacement of endsTraditional Going by the Book
Maximum Production Red Tap, Rigidity
Affluence, Coercion Limited Capacity to Innovate
DependenceCases Memories of
Great Mangers
-
8/13/2019 Evolution of Management Slide
4/5
Neoclassical Approach to the study of organization and Management
Environment Ignored
Structure TASK
Formal or Supposed: High Achievements
Informal Actual: Moderate
Critical dimension End Products
Process Human
Consultation and ORGANIZATION Supposed: High Satisfaction
Participation Actual: Fairly High
Values
People matters Methods of Research Dysfunctions
Employees Centered
Logic of sentiments Conflict &
Participative Disagreement
Observations Interviews
-
8/13/2019 Evolution of Management Slide
5/5
The System Approach to the study of Organization and Management
ENVIRONMENT
Unstable & Uncertain: The Flow of Information
Structure TASK
Complex Complex Automated
Layout of Information Achievement sub-optimized
Coupling & decoupling
TECHNOLOGYCritical dimension End Products
Process Human
Probabilistic Search INFORMATION SYSTEM
Data Processing Induces stress
Decision Making
Production Processing
Feedback system
Dysfunctions
Values Methods of Research
Openness Too Sophisticated
Control level of surprise Too Expensive
Rejection of
Linear CausationSimulation Modeling