evolution review get out your journals! turn to evolution stations!
TRANSCRIPT
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Evolution Review
Get out your journals! Turn to Evolution Stations!
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Charles Darwin
• Father of:– Evolution
• Evolution states: all life as we know it came from
•A common Ancestor
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Peppered Moth Story-Industrial Revolution Time Period
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Fossil RecordFossil Record• Comparing fossils from older, more
primitive species, to younger, more complex species in rock layers document that evolution has occurred.
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Homologous structuresHomologous structures•Same Structure/physical traits
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Analogous StructuresAnalogous Structures•Same Functions/Different Organisms
Bird and Bat Wings
Examples:
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Vestigial organs• Organs that serve no useful function in
organisms.
• Humans: Appendix
• Whales: Pelvic Bone
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Having lots of species in an areaBiodiversity
Differences in GenesVariations
These 2 factors lead to increased survival in populations.
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Geographic Isolation:
• physical barriers
–Mountains
–Oceans
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Natural Selection
• Survival of the fittest”
• Those that are better suited to their environment (better phenotypes or physical characteristics) survive and reproduce successfully
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2. MutationsMutation
• A mistake in DNA that contributes to the variation (introduction of new genes) of a species and is very important in evolution.
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Gene FlowGene Flow• Organism’s moving in and out
of an area to search for……..–Hunt for food–Living space–Other resources
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GENETIC DRIFT
• A change in the population because of a random event, such as a catastrophe
• The smaller the population, the less genetic variety it has. traits can be lost from one generation to the next.
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Based on this Cladogram, which organism is most closely related to the Chimp?-Mouse
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Based on this Cladogram, all of the organisms have jaws except:-Hagfish
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The Galapagos Island
• Darwin’s visit to these islands, the differences in the animals, and his observations that habitat can affect the adaptations of organisms.
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Behavioral Isolation
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Camouflage
Allows organism to hide from predators
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The Genetic Basis of Evolution
• are all of the alleles (alternate forms of genes) in all of the individuals that make up a population.
Gene Pool
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Temporal Isolation
• These are closely related species, but the American toad mates in the early part of summer, while the Fowler's toad mates later in the season.
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Adaptation
• A advantageous trait that allows an organism to better survive.– Ex. Venom– Ex. Camoflauge
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Embryology
• similarities in the early embryos indicated that they descended from a common ancestor
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Gradualism
• Evolution happening slowly.
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Punctuated Equilibrium
• Evolution in a short period of time usually due to some kind of event.