evolution unit standards and vocabulary. standards s7l5. students will examine the evolution of...
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Evolution UnitStandards and Vocabulary
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StandardsS7L5. Students will examine the evolution of
living organisms through inherited characteristics that promote survival of organisms and the survival of successive generations of their offspring. a. Explain that physical characteristics of organisms have changed over successive generations (e.g. Darwin’s finches and peppered moths of Manchester). b. Describe ways in which species on earth have evolved due to natural selection. c. Trace evidence that the fossil record found in sedimentary rock provides evidence for the long history of changing life forms.
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VOCABULARYvocabulario
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Adaptation / AdaptacionA characteristic that
helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
Una caracteristica que mejora la capacidad de un individuo para sobrevivir y reproducirse en un determindo ambiente
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Species / EspecieA group of
organisms that can mate with one another and produce fertile offspring.
Un grupo de organismos que tienen un parentesco cercano y que pueden aparearse para producir descendencia fertil
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Evolution / EvolucionProcess in which
organisms gradually change over time
El proceso por medio del cual las characteristicas heredadas dentro de una poblacion cambian con el transcurso de las generaciones de manera tal que a veces surgen nuevas especies
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Sediment / SedimentoParticles of sand,
dust, or soilLas partículas de
arena, el polvo o el suelo
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Fossil / FosilThe remains or
imprints of once-living organisms found in layers of rock
Los indicios o los restos de un organismo que vivio hace mucho tiempo, comunmente preservados en las rocas sedimentarias
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Fossil Record / Registro FosilA historical
sequence of life indicated by fossils found in layers of the Earth’s crust
Una secuencia historica de la vida indicada por fosiles que se han encontrado en las capas de la corteza terrestre
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Selective Breeding / Reproduccion SelectivaThe human
practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits
La practica humana de cruzar animales o plantas que tienan ciertas caracteres deseadas
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Natural Selection / Seleccion Natural A theory to explain the
mechanism of evolution; the process in which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do
Una teoria que explica el mecanismo de la evolucion; El proceso por medio del cual los individuos que estan mejor adaptados a su ambiente sobreviven y se reproducen con mas exito que los individuos menos adaptados
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Selection / SelecciónProcess where
organisms that carry favorable genes survive to reproduce
Proceso donde los organismos que llevan genes favorables sobreviven para reproducirse
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Generation Time / Tiempo de GeneracionThe average
time between one generation and the next
El periodo entre el nacimiento de una generacion y el nacimiento de la siguiente generacion
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Speciation / EspeciacionThe formation of
a new species as a result of evolution.
La formacion de especies nuevas como resultado de la evolucion
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Relative Dating / Datacion RelativaMethod of determining
whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects
Cualquier metodo que se utiliza para determinar si un acontecimiento u objeto es mas viejo o mas joven que otros acontecimientos u objetos
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Absolute Dating / Datacion AbsolutaMethod of
measuring the age of an object or event in years
Cualquier metodo que sirve para determinar la edad de un suceso u objeto en anos
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Geologic Time Scale /Escala de Tiempo GeologicoThe calendar
that scientists use to outline the history of life on Earth
El metodo estandar que se usa para dividir la larga historia natural de la Tierra en partes razonables
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Extinct / ExtintoDescribes a
species that has died out completely
Termino que describe a una especie que ha desaparecido
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Mass Extinction / Extinción MasivaA period when
many species suddenly become extinct
Un periodo en el que muchas especies de repente se extinguen
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Plate Tectonics / Tectonica de PlacasTheory that explains
how large pieces of Earth’s outermost layer, called tectonic plates, move and change shape.
La teoria que explica como se mueven y cambian de forma las placas tectonicas, que son grandes porciones de la capa mas externa de la Tierra
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Precambrian Time / Precámbrico TiempoPeriod in the GTS from
the formation of the Earth to the beginning of the Paleozoic Era, from about 4.6 billion to 542 million years ago.
Período en el GTS de la formación de la Tierra hasta el comienzo de la Era Paleozoica , desde hace unos 4600 millones a 542 millones de años.
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Paleozoic Era / Era PaleozoicaThe geologic era
that followed precambrian time and that lasted from 542 million to 251 million years ago
La era geológica que siguió a la era precámbrica y que duró desde 542 millones a 251 millones de años atrás
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Mesozoic Era / Era Mesozoica
The geologic era that lasted from 251 million to 65.5 million years ago; also called the Age of Reptiles
La era geológica que duró de 251 millones de hace 65.500.000 años ; también llamada la Edad de los Reptiles
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Cenozoic Era / Era CenozoicaThe most recent
geologic era, beginning 65 million years ago; also called the Age of Mammals
La era geológica más reciente , comenzando 65 millones de años ; también llamada la Edad de los Mamífero