1. Implications of Genetics and Evolution of Human Space Travel

• Or: Who's got the right stuff?

2. What are the Human Barriers to Space Travel?

We're built to live on Earth

Gravity

3. Atmosphere (pressure, content) 4. Magnetic Field 5. Element abundancy, availability 6. Social Opportunities 7. Circadian Rhythm If we want to continue manned space exploration, how can technology help overcome these obstacles? What role can/should evolution/genetics play? 8. History of 'Manned' Space Flight

1948 ' Albert'launched on V-2

9. Nov. 13 1958 Sputnik 2 carries dogLaika 10. 1/31/61Ham , 11/29/61Enos 11. History of Manned Space Flight

5/12/61Yuri Gagarin

12. 7/20/69 Apollo 11 13. 3/22/95Valeriy Polyakovreturns from 438 day mission on MIR 14. Today: missions to the moon and Mars are being planned 15. Tomorrow: Colonization of other planets? 16. Sputnik through Apollo

14 days inside a capsule?

Genetics of Body Odor/Space Hygeine

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yPzgnkhiXNE&feature=related 17. How will the human body respond to micro-gravity?

Albert 2 showed that pulse, breathing rate remained the same.

18. Harald van Beckh, Fritz and Heinz Haber study humans in parabolic flight. How will we respond to EVAs?

'Earth-out-of-view Phenomena'

19. Post-Apollo through today

Refinement of technology to protect Astronauts

20. Space Stations (ISS, MIR, Skylab) 21. Biology of other living organisms 22. Future Missions

How can genetics and evolution anticipate and alleviate potential negative effects?

23. Mars, 6-9 months one way

Bone and muscle deterioration

Hibernating bears?

24. Exercise in space? Cosmic Radiation

Effects on genes

Cardiovascular Effects

Heart muscles, O2 requirments. What happens whe we come home?

520 day Flight 25. One Way Mission

200 years on a space ship

26. Who gets to come? How do we select?

Initial population size

27. Male/female ratio 28. Inbreeding consideration? 29. Reproduction rate? 30. What will we know about phenotype? Genetics, Evolution and sources of energy? 31. So how does this all fit together?

Bold scientists and bravery busted through 'human in space' myths based on biological uncertainty.

32. Genetic research pushed forward the frontier of human exploration in space. 33. Genetic research and evolutionary considerations will put humans on an another planet far, far away. 34. Sources

http://history.nasa.gov/EP-177/ch5-2.htmlA meeting with the universe chapter 5-2. retrieved 11/2/11

35. Roach, Mary. Packing for Mars: The Curious Life in the Void. W.W. Norton & Co. 2010. 36. Finney, Ben R. And Jones, Eric M. Interstellar Migration and the Human Experience. University of California Press. 1986 37. Durante, M. et al. Chromosome abberation dosimetery in Cosmonauts after single or multiple space flights. Cytogenic and Genomic Research. 103:40-46 (2003) 38. Avener, Maurice and White, Ronald J. Humans in space. Nature. 409: 1115-1118 (2001)