7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 1/8

Where are the Coniferous Forests located? 

The Earth's large forests of conifers extend mostly over the Northern Hemisphere, across North America,

Europe and Asia. Coniferous forests are located south of the Tundra, but north of the Temperate Deciduou

orests and Temperate Grasslands.

ntroduction

The Earth has many different environments, varying in temperature, moisture, light, and many other factors. Each ohese habitats has distinct life forms living in it, forming complex communities of interdependent organisms. A com

ommunity of plants and animals in a region and a climate is called a biome.

Some of the biomes on Earth include:

  Desert - very dry, either hot or cold

  Tundra - cool, treeless, and dry

  Chaparral or scrub - coastal area with hot, dry summers and mild, cool, rainy winters

  Taiga or Coniferous Forest - cool and dry, with coniferous trees

  Temperate Deciduous Forest - cool and rainy, with deciduous trees  Grassland - Windy, partly dry sea of grass with few trees, including tropical savanna, prairie, steppe, pampa

etc.

  Mountain biomes: there are a lot of different mountainous biomes, from grasslands at low altitudes, taiga

(coniferous forests) below the treeline, and alpine (the same as tundra)

  Temperate Rain Forest - cool and wet

  Tropical Rain Forest - warm and very wet

  Land Cave - cool and dark 

  Wetlands - there are many types of wetlands, including swamps, marshes, moors, bogs, fens, sloughs, etc.

  Freshwater Marsh - a wetland located near creeks, streams, rivers and lakes

  Temperate ponds

  Marine (ocean or sea) - includingo  euphotic (sunlit) zone

  littoral or intertidal zones

  coral reef (warm shallow salt-water environments based on coral formations)

  estuarine biomes (where rivers meet oceans)

   pelagic biomes (open seas near the surface)o  disphotic (twilight) zone

o  midnight (aphotic) zone

   benthic biomes (bottom)

  sea trenches

  sea Caves

The Seven Biomes of the World

The 7 biomes of the earth are: Desert, Tundra, Taiga, Savanna, Grassland, Temperate DeciduousForest, Tropical Rainforest

Desert 

Location

The desert is located in the dry plains on the Earth. Specific locations include the United States, Afric

ran, Saudi Arabia, etc

7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 2/8

Climate

Precipitation in the desert is very scarce. It rains below 25 cm per year. Since the desert is located plains it gets up to 38C in the daytime and 0C at night.

Clothing and Special Equipment

The desert is very dry and hot so I would recommend bringing shorts, t-shirts, sandals. At night it gcold so I would also bring thick pants, sweaters, jackets, and shirts. Its dry there in the desert so brots of water.

Things to Do

You may think there is nothing to do in the desert because all it has is hills and sand. People that livehe desert created a fun way to gain speed going down large hills... Sand Sledding! Its similar toledding but on sand.

Plant Adaption

Cactuses store water inside of themselves to replenish water when they are thirsty. They also havepikes to keep predators that want to steal their water from them to survive.

During dry spells many plants die and don't return until there is more moisture. The Ocotillo loses it'eaves during a dry spell so it uses less water and get hit by less light.

Animal Adaptations

Desert animals prevent water leaving their bodies many of different ways. Some, like kangaroo rats zards, live inburrows which do not get too hot or too cold and have more humid air inside. These

animals stay in their burrows during daytime and come out at night to eat.

Other animals have bodies that save water. Scorpions and wolf spiders have a thick outerayering which decreases moisture loss.

Enviromental Issues

A big unexpected one for desert is Global Warming. Global Warming has changed the temperaturemaking it hard for animals to live there and have to leave. Global warming changes temperatures upand down.

Another big factor is strip mining. In search of rare stones, strip mining almost destroys thedesert's underground. Once the stones are removed they cant be made for millions of years. The mimakes the soil of the desert even more frail and weak than is was before. 

Tundra 

Location

The tundra is located in the Artic Zone. Some countries include United States, Alaska, Greenland andothers.

Climate

Precipitation is 25 cm falling year round in form of snow. Summers are around 15C. Winters would baround -40C.

Clothing and Special Equipment

7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 3/8

Going to the tundra you would pack clothes to warm you up such as: thick sweaters, jackets, sweatpants, jeans, boots, socks, sun glasses, hats and beanies.

Things to do

n the tundra there is a lot of snow so you could play fun sports for snow days. Snowboarding, skiinledding and iceskating are fun sports for a cold day. Also making snowmen is fun as long as you ha

a carrot and some coal.

Plant Adaptations

Artic Willow is a bush that is a delicacy to bugs. To stop the bugs from eating it, it creates a pesticid

hat if the bugs were to eat it they would die.The Arctic Moss doesn't need soil to live. It adapted so it can live on water. This makes it easier to lin the tundra during winter when the soil is frozen.

Animal Adaptation

Polar Bears have very thick skin to keep it warm in the tundra. They also have white skin enabling to blend in with their surroundings when hunting for prey.

The Artic Fox cannot stand the cold of a tundra night. It burrows itself and the soil protects it from t

cold. The Artic Fox comes back out when the sun is out.

Environmental Issue

Global Warming is impacting the tundra very much. The higher temperature is melting away iceburgand snow. The change in weather and environment affects animals living in the tundra and kills themGlobal Warming will soon cause the tundra to convert into a taiga biome.

Poaching of Animals is very big in Tundras. Poaching animals is unnecessary in modern day.Poaching animals is causing animals in the tundra to become endangered.

Taiga 

Location

Taiga is located in the Sub-Artic Zone. Some countries include Russia, Canada, ans Scandinavia...

Climate

Precipitation is around 50-75 cm of snow per year. The temperature is around 30c in the summer an20C in the winter.

Clothing and Special Equipment

Since the taiga gets pretty cold it would be good to bring jackets and long pants to keep warm. Hatswould be good to bring to keep your body warma dn sunglasses in case its bright out.

Things to Do

n the taiga there are many evergreen trees. The Taiga includes mountains to be able to go hiking acamping.

Plant Adaptation

The Paper Birch has waxy pine needles. These help it in many ways. It retains water, it insulates thet even keeps certain bugs away.

7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 4/8

Nutrients are gathered by their long roots. Roots go far from the tree. This helps the tree when it is cold out to gather many nutrients from a small area.

Animal Adaptations

The Gray wolf and the Bobcat both have thick fur to keep themselves warm. The Bobcat has the skilbe fast so it can hunt. The Gray Wolf's color allows it to blend in to its surroundings which helps itshunting skills.

Environmental Issue

Deforestation is destroying the tundra. It's cutting down trees. Poaching animals is another

enviromental issue. By poaching animals animals are becoming endangered.Temperate Deciduous Forest  

Location

The Temperate Deciduous Forest is located in the temperate zone at mid-latitiude of the earth.Countries include Eastern United States, Western Europe, and Japan.

Climate

The Temperate Deciduous Forest has four seasons. The precipitaion is 75-150 cm of rain year roundThe temperature is around 30C in the summer and -20C in the winter.

Clothing and Special Equipment

n the Temperate Deciduous Forest it it best to wear casual shorts, sweaters, jeans, t-shirts, bathinguit, tennis shoes, hats and sandals.

Things to Do

n the Temperate Deciduous Forest some of my favorite places you can go to are the beach, city ormountain. At the beach you can swim, surf, and sun-bathe. In the city you can go to museums, gohopping, and walk through parks. In the mountains you can ride horses, mountain bike, and camp.

Plant Adaptations

Deciduous trees like Oak, Maple, and Beech shed their leaves in the season fall. Those leaves fall on

orest floor and is broken down into nutrients by decomposers. The nutrients stay in the ground makt very rich.

Animal Adaptation

Some animals such as squirrels, chipmunks and blue jays store food when it is plentiful, using hollowof trees as storehouses for nuts and seeds. In winter this store of food keeps them fed.

Environmental Issues

A big environmental issue in the Temperate Deciduous Forest is deforestation. Deforestation is cuttindown many trees and killing animals homes. The animals homeless are forced to live their trees and

burrows because of the disturbance of the machines that cut down the trees.

Rainforest  

Location

The location of the Rainforest is in the tropics. The tropics is before the Tropics of Cancer and CapricTropical means near the eqautor. Some countries include Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Panama etc...Usually found in Southern Asia, South America and Africa.

Climate

7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 5/8

The precipitation level in the Rainforest is very high. Precipitation falls in form of snow from 200-900alling year round. Its around 20-30C year round.

Clothing and Special Equipment

n the rainforest it tends to rain whenever so I would recommend bringing rain coats, jackets andboots. There in the rainforest many birds fly from tree to tree and if you are interested in seeing thewould bring binoculars. Also the Rainforest is filled with bugs so bring bug repellent.

Things to do

n the rainforest there are many birds so bird watching could be fun. In the rainforest you may ride

horses and observe the beautiful views the rainforest displays.Plant Adaptaions

The Bengal Bamboo has large roots that collect water and allow them to reproduce very fast. That isvery important because there is limited room in the Rainforest.

Bougainvillea has hooks on it. The hooks attach to other plants. That allows it to have more room togrow and prosper.

Animal Adaptations

Linne's Sloth, a very light weight mammal, hangs from branches to avoid predators. Most predators

he rainforest cannot get to an animal that is hanging from a branch that high. Most likely, the branwould break if an animal pounced on it.

Environmental Issue

Deforestation is the biggest problem in the Rainforest. The rainforest produces a grand amount of oxygen to earth and is the home to over 50% of the worlds animals. Cuttin the Rainforest down icausing Global Warming and change in temperature around the world.

Savanna 

Location

Savannas are usually found throughout middle India, Africa, Northern Australia, and bits of Brazil.

Climate

Precipitation in the savanna is around 75-150 cm a year. The weather is around 20-30C year round.

Clothing and Special Equipment

n the savanna you would pack a tent, water, shorts, t-shirts, sandals and a hat. At night you wouldneed a light blanket to keep you warm. Camping is good in the Savanna so i would bring campingmaterials.

Things to do

Camping in the wide areas of the Savanna could be a lot of fun. Also in the savanna safaris are fun.Seeing all the animals could be very cool.

Plant Adaptations

The Jarrah has a lignotuber. A lignotuber is an underground sack that contains nutrients in case of aemergency such as the tree being cut down. The lightnotuber helps it grow back fast.

The baobab tree has adapted to the savanna biome by only producing leaves in the wet season. Wheaves grow, they are tiny clusters of leaves. The size of leaf helps shorten the water loss. This treesalso can store water in cases of a drought.

arrah the tree

Baobab Tree

7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 6/8

Animal Adaptation Giraffes are well adapted to a life in a savannah. They drink water when it is available but can go wewithout it, Their very long necks are an adaption to feeding at high levels in the treetops. Their phyadaption, a long neck, does not only help them to graze but also helps them keep track of predatorsand it enables visual communication with other giraffe over several miles away. By eating in the treecauses less competition for grazing animals.

Squirrel Monkeys move through the trees by leaping. They have small back legs, they do not come

down from the trees because of predators.Envirometnal Issue

Poaching animals is definently an environmental issue. Animals in the savanna are being killed off.Those animals that serve in the food chain are throwing off the balance. The animals should be allowo stay in their homeland.

Wildfires is another environmental issue in the savanna. The savanna is very dry in the winter andwildfires begin. Wildfires are killing plants and animals and is making the soil less rich. If there was any wildfires the savanna would be a different biome.

Grassland  

Location

Grasslands can be found throughout The United States. You can also see it in Russia, Africa, SouthAmerica, and China.

Climate

Grasslands receive 25-60 inches of precipitation per year. In Winter tempperature can be as low as F and during the summer they can be as high as 70° F.

Plant Adaptations

ants have adaptations to help them survive (live and grow) in different areas. Adaptations are speciatures that allow a plant or animal to live in a particular place or habitat. These adaptations might

ake it very difficult for the plant to survive in a different place. This explains why certain plants areund in one area, but not in another. For example, you wouldn't see a cactus living in the Arctic. Norould you see lots of really tall trees living in grasslands.Click on the different biomes or areas below to learn about them and some of the adaptations plants

have to live there:

7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 7/8

Desert Grassland

Tropical Rain Forest Temperate Rain Forest

7/27/2019 evs info-1

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/evs-info-1 8/8

 Temperate Deciduous Forest Taiga

Tundra In Water