exam ii study powerpoint
TRANSCRIPT
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By Meghan Gallagher
ART HISTORY REVIEW
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• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
WHITE-GROUND LEKYTHOS
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• Hellenistic 323- 31 BC
WINGED NIKE OF SAMOTHRACE
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• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
EQUESTRIAN GROUP
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• Cycladic 3000- 1000 BC
FEMALE CYCLADIC IDOL
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• Mycenean 1600-1100 BC
“MASK OF AGAMEMNON”
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• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
TEMPLE OF ATHENA NIKE, ACROPOLIS
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• Hellenistic 323- 31 BC
BOY WRESTLING WITH A GOOSE
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• Early Classical 480- 450 BC
POSEIDON/ ZEUS
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• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
THREE GODDESSES, BIRTH OF ATHENA, PEDIMENT, PARTHENON
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• Geometric Greek 1000- 700 BC
GEOMETRIC AMPHORA
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• Orientalizing 700-600 BC
POLYPHEMOS AMPHORA
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• Archaic 600- 480 BC
RED- FIGURE KARATER
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• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
ACROPOLIS, ATHENS
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• Early Classical
NIOBID KRATER
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• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
HEAD OF ALEXANDER
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• Mycenean 1600-1100 BC
MEGARON
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• Minoan 2000- 1500 BC
TOREADOR FRESCO
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• Minoan 2000- 1500 BC
SNAKE GODDESS
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• Mycenean 1600-1100 BC
LION GATE
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• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
GREEK AND CENTAUR METOPE
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• Late Classical Greek 400- 300 BC
THEATER AT EPIDAUROS
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• Hellenistic 323- 31 BC
ALTAR OF ZEUS, PERGAMON
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• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
CARYATID PORCH
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• Mycenean 1600- 1100 BC
GRAVE CIRCLE A
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• Minoan 2000-1500 BC
QUEEN’S MEGARON
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• Archaic 600-480 BC
NEW YORK KOUROS
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• Mycenean 1600- 1100 BC
THOLOS TOMB
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• Cycladic 3000-1000 BC
MALE CYCLADIC AULOS PLAYER
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• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
ALEXANDER MOSAIC
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• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
BIRTH OF ATHENA
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• Early Classical 480- 450 BC
KRITIOS BOY
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• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
LAOCOON AND HIS SONS
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• Minoan 2000- 1500 BC
OCTOPUS VASE
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• Archaic 600-480 BC
BLACK- FIGURE AMPHORA
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• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
ALTAR OF ZEUS
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• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
ERECHTHEUM
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• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
POLYKLEITOS, DORYPHOS
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• Archaic 600-480 BC
PEPLOS KORE
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• High Classical Greek 450-400 BC
PARTHENON
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• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
ACROPOLIS
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• Late Classical Greek 400-300 BC
PRAXITELES
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• Hellenistic 323-31 BC
ATHENA BATTLING WITH ALKYONEOS
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• High Classical Greek 450- 400 BC
TEMPLE OF ZEUS
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QUESTIONS
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• What is one theroy on how minoan palaces were destroyed and culture ended?
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NATURAL CATASTROPHIC
EARTHQUAKE AND VOLCANO ERUPTION
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• Terra- Cotta means?
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BAKED EARTH
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What are the names of the four vase shapes pictured below?
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-KYLIX-KRATER
-AMPHORA-LEKYTHO
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What are 2 Hellenistic stylistic conventions of the work shown?
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STRONG DIAGONALS AND
SHOWING MOVEMENT
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What are 2 stylistic conventions of geometric vase paintings?
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-GEOMETRIC SHAPES
-HORROR VACUII
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What was the goal of the Panathenaic procession?
Where is is depicted on the Parthenon?
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THEY WERE TAKING A NEW
SHROWED TO HER AND IT WAS ON
THE FRIEZE
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What was the Kylix used for?
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DRINKING CUP, WIDE BOWL,
ALMOST PLATE.
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What was the amphora used for?
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TRANSPORT LIQUIDS, VASE
WITH LONG NECK, 2 HANDELS, BIG
BOTTOM
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How did the Poseidon and Warrior form Riace avoid being melted down?
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IT GOT LOST UNDER THE OCEAN, WHICH PROTECTED
IT FROM BEING DESTROYED.
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What was the Krater used for?
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TO MIX THE WINE AND
WATER TOGETHER
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What were most white- ground lekythoi used for?
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PUT ON GRAVES, HELD PRECIOUS
OILS.
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What are the 3 parts of the Greek entablature, from the bottom part up?
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-ARCHITRAVE-FRIEZE
-CORNICE
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How did the palace at knossos function in addition to being Residence?
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SERVED AS A DISTRIBUTION CENTER AND SENDING OUT
GOODS.
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Who discovered and Restored knossos?
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AURTHER EVANS 1900
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What large room in Minonan and Mycenean palaces had 3 parts?
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MEGARON
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What kind of arch did the Myceneans use?
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CORBELING
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Why would the tree trunk not be meeded in the original statue?
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THE ORIGINAL SCULPTURE WAS
BRONZE AND HOLLOW, SO IT WASN’T HEAVY.
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Why did the Athenians rebuild the Parthenon and other buildings?
How did they fund the rebuilding?
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PERICLES REBUILT IT AS A MEMORIAL TO THE WAR
WITH THE PERSIANS.
IT WAS FUNDED WITH OTHER CITYSTATE
MONEY.
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An architectual order is an arrangenent of ______ and________.
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GREECE AND ROME
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A row of columns is called a?
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COLONNADE- PARISTYLE
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What did the Greeks call foreigners who didn’t speak their language?
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BARBARIANS
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What is unusual about the form of Minoan and Mycenean columns?
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REVERSE TAPERED, BIGGER AT THE
TOP AND NARROW AT BOTTOM.
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The cornice encloses a triangular section at the end of a building of porch called the
_______.
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THE PEDIMENT
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Who convinced the Athenians to restore the temples of Acropolis?
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PERICLES
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What is the origin of the terms ‘Doric’ and ‘Ionic’ for the architetural orders?
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DORIC= PLACE ON MAINLAND CALLED DORISS, USED ON
MAINLAND ONLY.
IONIC= NAMED FOR IONIA, USED ACROSS THE AGEAN SEA.
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What are 3 ways the Parthenon is different from a typical temple?
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1. CORNER COLUMNS CLOSER TOGETHER
2. COLUMNS POINT INWARD3. ENTIRELY MARBLE
4. WIDER THAN OTHER TEMPLES
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What is one traditional method used to cast large bronze sculptures?
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THE WAX METHOD
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What are column flutes?
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CONCAVE GROOVES
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How is the weight shifted in the contraposto stance?
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THE WEIGHT IS SHIFTED ONTO ONE LED, THE HEAD IS
SLIGHTLY TURNED, AND THE STANCE IS
RELAXED.
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Where is the only place, besides the roof, where statues can be placed on the
exterior of a Greek Temple?
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FRIEZE
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What is one meaning of the term ‘classical’ when applied to art?
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VARIETY AND UNITY (?)
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GREEK ERAS
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GEOMETRIC= 1000-1700 BCORIENTALIZING= 700-600 BC
ARCHAIC= 600-480 BCEARLY CLASSICAL= 480-450 BCHIGH CLASSICAL= 400-300 BC
HELLENISTIC= 323-31 BC
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Who first discovered Mycenae and Troy?
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HEINRICH SCHLIEMANN
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What did the Romans call Greeks? What did the Greeks call themselves?
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ROMANS= GREEKS
GREEKS= HELLEANS
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Where did the Greeks settle?
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ON THE MAINLAND, SOUTHERN ITALY AND
SICILY, AEGEAN ISLANDS, AND COAST OF TURKEY
(ASIA MINOR)
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What significant event marked the transition from the Archaic period to the
Early classical period?
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PERSIAN WAR=
GREEKS VS. PERSIANS.END OF WAR WAS 479 BC.
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What is Akrotiri?
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ISLAND BETWEEN CRETE AND CYCLADES.
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What does ‘Kouros’ mean?
What does ‘Kore’ mean?
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KOUROS= YOUNG MAN= YOUTH
KORE= YOUNG WOMAN= MAIDEN
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What is the purpose of the naos/cella?
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MAIN ROOM HOUSING THE STATUE OF THE DEITY TO WHOM THE
TEMPLE IS DEDICATED
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What is the more naturalistic stance introduced in the early classical period?
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CONTRAPASTO
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Who conquered and spread Greek culture to the Near East and Egypt?
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ALEXANDER THE GREAT
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What is the Cycladic period named for?
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CYCLADES ISLANDS
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What is one feature of the Palace at Knossos related to the myth of the
Minotaur?
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-FOUND BULL IMAGERY
-PALACE WAS MAZE LIKE AND COMPLEX
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3 AGEAN CULTURES
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-CYCLADIC= 3000- 1000 BC-MINOAN= 2000- 1500 BC
MYCENEAN= 1600- 1100 BC
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What is the Aegean Sea named after?
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KIND AEGEUS
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What are the 2 Minoan languages?
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-LINEAR A-LINEAR B---ONLY ONE THAT WAS
DECIPHERED------ONLY HAVE INVENTORY RECORDS
ON CLAY PALETTES.
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What are 2 features the standing male and female have in common?
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-HAIR, BROAD SHOULDERS, ARMS DOWN, FISTS
-CAUGHT IN INTERNAL SMILE-BLISS BEYOND LIFE/ BETTER
LIFE
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What maybe the reason:a) The parthenon colonnade includes
inward?b) The entablature bows upwards?
c) The corner columns are set closer together?
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A) INCLINES INWARDS B) THE FOUNDATION IS CURVED
C) COMPENSATION
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Where is the only place, besides the roof, where statues can placed on the exterior of
a Greek temple?
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PEDIMENT
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What is one reason red figure painting replaced black- figure painting?
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SHOWED UP BETTER AGAINST BLACK BACKGROUND
EASIER TO PAINT THAN TO CUT
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What did each diety offer in the contest between Poseidon and Athena for the
patronage of Athens?
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SALT SPRING AND OLIVE TREE
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Who designed the Parthenon sculptures and made the Athena Parthenos and Zues
cult statues?
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PHIDIAS
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What compositional characteristic of the High Classical Style is seen in both works?
(The goddess from the Parthenon east pediment, Equestrian Group)
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UNITY IN VARITY- DRAPERY UNITES
FIGURES
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What are 2 physical features of Darius that shows his reaction to his bodyguards
demise?
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HAND IS STRETCHED TERROR IN HIS EYES
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What is on explanation advanced for the openness of the palace at Knossos and
other Minoan palaces?
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NO WALL= NO ENEMIES= GOOD RELATIONSHIPS
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Explain how the acoustics of the Theater at Epidauros are renowned.
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PIN DROP IN THE ORCHESTRA CAN BE HEARD AT THE TOP.
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What does the phrase “Man is the measure of all things” say about the Greeks?
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THEY REPRESENTED HUMAN VALUES, EMOTION AND
APPEARANCE AND EXTENDED IT TO
THEIR GODS.
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A female figure who substitutes for a column?
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CARYATID
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What are 2 reasons why Greeks painted vases are considered important?
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-WE DON’T HAVE OTHER KINDS OF PAINTINGS
-SHOWS A WIDE RANGE OF SUBJECT MATTER
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The maze- like designs often painted on Geometric vases.
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INTERLACE
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Why is the Erectheum irregular in plan?
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DEDICATED TO MULTIPLE DEITIES
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Briefly describe the buon fresco technique
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PAINT ON WET PLASTER IN PATCHES
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What are 2 significant differences by which the Greek work differs?
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SMILE, NUDITY, FREE STANDING
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How were the lines made in black figure painting?
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INCESION
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What are 2 stylistic conventions of Praxiteles style?
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SOFT MARBLE, CONTRAPASTO, SOFTNESS IN
PRESENT FEATURES
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Describe the circumstances that caused much of the Parthenon to collapse in 1687?
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GUNPOWDER WAS STORED HERE
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What is one major feature of the male Cycladic figure is different from the female
Cycladic figure?
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HE STANDS ON HIS OWN ON A PEDESTAL
3D BODY MORE ROUNDED
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What is on naturalistic feature of the painting that may reflect lost larger-scale
paintings?
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FORESHORTENING, SOME FIGURES ARE LOWER DOWN
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What are 2 stylistic conventions that separate Orientalizing vase painting from
geometric?
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-DOESN’T HAVE TIGHT ORGANIZATION
-MORE FIGURES TELLING STORIES
-FEWER REGISTERS
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What is one theory about how the Mycenean Period ended
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INVASION OF DORIAN, FAMINE, EARTHQUAKE
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The name Parthenon celebrates Athena in her identity as a ________ goddess
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YOUNG VIRGIN
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What makes the black clay slip of Greek vases stay black once it’s fired?
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HIGH IRON CONTENT
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What was the goal of the Panathenaic procession?
Where is it depicted on the parthenon
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GIVE NEW DRESS TO WOODEN
STATUE OF ATHENA
ON INNER FRIEZE
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How were the lines made in red figure painting?
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PAINTED