EXAM 2a 1.___________________The most superficial layer of the hair shaft. 2.___________________The shaft of a long bone. 3.___________________What type of bone is located in the middle of the epiphyses? 4.___________________What is the ground substance of bone? 5.___________________The unit of organization in compact bone. 6.___________________The canal that runs perpendicular to the Haversian canal in compact bone. 7.___________________Long bones increase in length by growth in a certain area. What is this region called? This region is made up of what specific type of tissue? 8.___________________ 9.___________________The type of fracture where the bone protrudes through the skin. 10.__________________A decrease in the Ca++ concentration in the blood would cause the release of what? 11.__________________What type of movement occurs at sutures? use appropriate terminology 12.__________________What type of tissue holds the distal ends of the tibia and fibula together? 13.__________________Give an example of a synchondroses. 14.__________________Inward rotation of the forearm. 15.__________________Spreading ones fingers is what type of movement. 16.__________________What type of joint is located between the carpals? 17.__________________Give an example of a biaxial joint. 18.__________________What condition involves the inflammation of joints and the development of bone spurs and is due to wear and tear on the joints? 19.__________________What is the functional unit of skeletal muscle? 20.__________________This functional unit in skeletal muscle is delimited by what? 21.__________________The rod like structures that extend the length of the skeletal muscle cell? 22.__________________What part of the thick filament has the ATPase activity? 23.__________________What role does tropomyosin play in inhibiting contraction in the resting muscle? 24.__________________What part of the muscle cell releases Ca++? 25.__________________What part of the muscle cell connects the sarcolemma with the interior of the cell? 26.__________________What membrane surrounds individual muscle fibers? 27.__________________Name two functions of the muscular system besides the movement of various substance and body parts? 28. _________________ 29.__________________Name three functions of the skeletal system? 30.__________________ 31.__________________ 32. What is rickets?

33. What is osteoporosis? 34. What are the two major types of bone development and how do they differ? (4 pts) 35. Draw synovial joint and label the important parts. (4 pts) 36. What are the three different types of muscle and how do they differ? (6 pts) 37. What role does ATP play in muscle contraction? (4pts) 38. How is troponin involved in regulating muscle contraction? (2 pts) 39. What are the differences and similarities in the structure of fibrous and cartilaginous joints? (2 pts)