examination papees
TRANSCRIPT
APPENDIX.
EXAMINATION PAPEES.
1860-1861.
MATRICULATION EXAMINATION.
GREEK.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
0. T., 1860.
ARNOLD, Greek Prose Composition.
[N.B.—The principal parts of a verb are its present, future, perfect active, perfect passive, 2 aorist active : or if deponent, then its present middle, future middle, and whatever perfect and aorist it employs. In parsing a verb, give its tense, mood, voice, and its principal parts. In parsing a substantive or an adjective, give its gender, number, case, and nominative and genitive singular.]
1. Decline these words—uWjf, Op!%, opvit, nuXis, iroXi-rijs, xe'P- If there be any irregularity point it out.
2. Give thc principal parts of alpcus, apuprdvu.; <i'x«.', OVIJOKW, KaXdiu, oXXvpi, r p i x ^ i <pipio.
3. Form the 3 PI. 1 A. Opt. Pass, of rv-rw, 3 Sing. 1 A. Opt. Act. fiovXevw, 3 Sing. Imp. Jnd. Act. of SfjXdw, 3 PI. 3 Aor. Opt. Act. rlOqpi.
IV. EXAMINATION PAPERS,
4. Give the exact English of ervirrov, ervtya, rinrrotpi av, aii pij riirui, r'o rvtrruv, rertr\j/opai.
5. Give the Greek for " thc same man," "that man,"' " this man," " the man himself."
G. You wish to express (1) that something would have happened if something else had occurred, which however did not take place ; (2) that something will happen if something else occurs. AA:hat tense, mood, and particle do you employ in each clause ?
7. AVhat is the government of (1) verb/ils in rios, (3) verbs of asking, (3) verbs of remembering, (4) ioirre.
8. Give the exact English of oJov rd eipi, icp' icre, e'foV Xeyeiv, Xd /e (pOdcras, n paOiov,
9. AVhat is the rule for the sequence of tenses in Greek 1
10. Put into Greek—
(1.) Not only the rich, but .also the poor (n-ei^s), arc pleased (yBopai) at their fellow-citizens {o-vpiTo\ir)]s) prospering {evrvxcu}).
(2.) This very-good guide {ooy?/o<i) asked me whether I wished to go into Athens or towards Eleusis.
XENOPHON, Anabasis, 4, 5, fi.
11. Translate literally—
Tavryv pev ovvrijv yuepav Bciva vjipi^eiv Xd'jovrui roils "EXXyvas.
MATRICULATION. V
13. In this extract parse the words hpgapivn, cio--\dovn, Xafiioo'i, i'jipl^eiv, aropxiros, rptypet , avrrj, TTXOOS.
13. AVIiy is ypipav accusative 1 Kunrais dative 1 Xtpyv nominative ?
14. What arc the meanings and the derivations of these words—o7rtcr0o(pvXaKu;v, TreXraari]?, o-raupiopa, vira)'-r tugfiv, (ifKpopeiis, pao-nr/ovv t
EuRiriDKS, Hecuba.
11. Translate literally^
Si~Xa pe XT"/?6" i ravn Kf]pv£ai o'rpanZ:
13. In this extract parse tho words wXXvro, Xajiav, mOd-£ovrev, co-jrovro, X€P0S> X°"v» ^V1/4"* BtirXa.
13. AVhy is arpa^d'i accusative ? oicna dative 1 narpi dative ?
14. AAThat are the meanings and the derivations of thc fol lowing—irpoireri j i , dxapia-Tos, xaX' v w 'T^P l a> ""•'/• pere'iv, XeijXareiv, i rcpnrrvxy 1
F . T., 1861.
ARNOLD, Greek Prose Composition.
[N.B.—The principal parts of a verb are its present, future, perfect active, perfect passive, 2 aorist active : or if deponent, then its present middle, future middle, and whatever perfect and aorist it employs. In parsing a verb, give its tense, mood, voice, and its principal parts. In parsing a substantive or an adjective, give its gender, number, case, and nominative and genitive singular.]
• I EXAMINATION PAPERS,
1. Decline the adjectives 0»\o9 and pei'gwv : tho substantives eXnis, Bivbpov: and the participles rervcpti-i and rvqbdelv.
2. Give the principal parts of/Wvw, d'pxopai, Kcpdvwpi, pdw, rdpviD, r v j x a v w , (paivui, X c , a -
3. AArritc ont thc Perfect Optative Passive of qbiXdm, the 2 Aorist Imperative Active of larnfu, and thc 1 Aorist Subjunctive Middle of /3ovXeiu>.
4. AVhat case do you put after—(1) Comparative adjectives. (2) Tho verb Betv. (3) Adjectives of likeness. (4) Verbs of perceiving.
•5. What are the three meanings of the middle voice ? AA'rite down an example of each in Greek and in English.
6. What is the difference between thc moods of the Aorist and those of the Present (other than the Indicative) t Construct an example in Greek and English to illustrate tho distinction.
7. AVhat is the Greek for—(1) not only, but also ; (3) half the time ; (3) whither shall I turn ; (4) of a man such as you ; (5) would that he had died ; (G) but for you I should now be suffering.
8. AVhat is tho literal translation of, and what the usual English equivalent for the following—(1) n oi)K (Troiyo-apev, (3 ) BUaids elpi r a u r a iroteiv, (3 ) o r pij XaXy<reis J (4 ) XavOdvio TOVTO TTOIWV.
XENOPHON, Anabasis, 4, 3, 6.
9. Translate literally—
'Vutir etTTiov yf/eiro
Trap>j-j?jiXOi] TO TTvpd Karaajievvvvai. irdvru.
MATRICULATION. Vll
10. I l l t h i s e x t r a c t p a r s e iiL-puiv, Kureo-rparoirecei'mii'rn'.-, ane ixov , &a iov : r d x ' c r a , imre ls , 17,
11. Why is Saov accusative ? nvi dative ? arailovs accusative ? ivTvr-fxdvoiev optative 1
12. Give thc meanings and thc derivations of Bvarropa* i irnraptovres, BinXeOpos, dptaroTrotetcOai, o-rpicparn-Beo-pov, firjrpoTroXis. In giving a derivation give, also the meaning and the derivation (if any) of each part.
EURIPIDES, Hecuba.
9. Translate literally—
Ti S' ; ov "fwaiKei elXov Ai-jinrrov TSKVU, KpV(p0>jTOV X®o v ' -
10 . I n t h i s e x t r a c t p a r s e nXaOetaa, igwKiaav, eTXov, eVio-Xes> dpaevaiv, veoa<paryovs, dBeX<pw, OpvfKt.
11. AVhy is dpakvuiv genitive? poi dative? KpiKpOijrov subjunctive 1 (pXo i dative ?
t2. Give the meanings and the derivations of i-e^dyeiv, irpotrourreost dwpevaios, va iXoxos , inro—ros, peXard-Xpuis. In giving a derivation, give also thc meaning and the derivation (if any) of each part.
V1U EXAMINATION PAPERS,
LATIN.
(PROFESSOR I R V I N G . )
0. T., I860.
ARNOLD. Latin Prose Composition.
[Tn parsing a verb, give its number and person, tense, mood and voice: in parsing a substantive or an adjective, its gender, number, and case, and its nominative and genitive singular.]
1. Give the principal parts of do, morcleo, moveo, verto, sisto, fodio, cingo, fido, pono, fungor.
2. Decline throughout thc words dea, comes (comitis), felix, lumen, mare, populus, res, acus (4th).
3. In what case, and with what preposition, if any, do you put in Latin—(1.) The agent after a passive verb. (2.) That of which a person is full. (3.) Thc place at which an act is done. (4.) The time through which it continues. (5.) The thing a man feels. (6.) That which a man uses. Construct an example of each, and give the English.
4. AA'hen do you put the Latin Subjunctive for an English Infinitive r AVhen must you put the Present, and when the Imperfect Subjunctive r Construct an example of each, and give thc English.
-5. AVhat is the difference between num putas, nonne putas : omnis, totus : quisque, qui vis : aut, vel: tutus, securus ?
0. Supply the ellipse in scstertium vicies ; translate it, and give the equivalent amount in English moncv.
MATRICULATION. XI
7. AArhen is " t h a t " to be translated by quod, when by ut?
8. AArhat is the English for id mea magui interest, nisi me f'allit, te facere oportuit, laudem meritus est qui hoec fecerit, nemo fere, invidetur tibi ?
9. AVhat are the Historical Tenses in Latin ?
10. Translate into Latin—
(1.) I perceive from your letters, two of which I received the same day, that you are taking thought (consulero) for thc republic to the best of your ability.
{2.) AVe should all praise virtue, since she may rightly be called the guide of our life.
CICERO, De Senectute, and Letters.
11. Translate literally—
(1.) Nee nunc equidem vires . . sed ex lateribus et lacertis tuis.
12. Parse the words—senectutis, viribus, athletas, nugator, contcmjjtior : agas, aspexisse, nobili-tatus es, potest, desiderabam.
13. Translate the following, aud give the rule for the government of the governed words—bonis esse viribus, pampinis vestita, epulis caret, dis im-mortalibus gratulari, scribendo adfuisti, nihil virtute formosius, nihil novi.
14. Give thc meaning and derivation of these words— assiduus, agricola, liquido, continuo, gloriosus, opprimo, pedetentim, mirifice, occido, diligo.
A3
X EXAMINATION PAPERS,
V I R C I L , .'Eneid, I. II .
11. Translate—
Dividimus muros, non unquam crcdita Tcucris.
12. Parse the words—operi, divum, lapsus, arcc, fatis: gaudent, illabitur, ci'cdita, instamus, scandit.
13. Translate the following, and give the rule for the government of the governed words—perfusus sanic, regnum gontibus esse, exeiderant animo, procstanti eorpore nymphoc, connubio jungam, securus amorum, viris coucurrere, dolis carerc.
14. Give thc meaning and the derivation of these words—coelestis, effodio, circumtextus, croceus, impigcr, patesco, tremefactus, jiraBcordia, claus-tra, cdax.
V. T., 1861.
ARNOLD, Latin Prose Composition.
[In parsing a verb, give its number and person, tense, mood, voice, and principal parts: in parsing a substantive or an adjective, its gender, number, and case, and its nominative and genitive singular.]
1. Give thc principal parts of pario, ccdo, credo, pirabeo, credo, amplector, fero, scribo, sto, rc-linquo.
M A T R I C U L A T I O N . XI
3. Decline throughout melior, urbs, Deus, tedes, amans, comu, locus, tres, idem, unusquisque.
3. AAliat are the two English translations of veni. Translate accurately veni ut videam, veni ut vidcrcm.
4. AArhat cases follow tho verbs interest, pocnitet. minor, suadco : adjectives in - ax; of likeness :
o. AVhat tense and mood follow autequam if thc verb of the principal clause be in the present indicative ; what if in the future indicative; what if in a past tense ?
6. Put into Latin—
He said that he had understood what the enemy were going to do.
His having spared the conquered is a great thing.
He said that the best horses would be taken out of thc country.
7. AVhat is the difference between invenio, reperio : comes, sodalis : donum, muuus : vitium, culpa : cdere, pasci: usquam, unquam.
8. Give the Latin for—there is no one but says: the top of the mountain: the town in question: something good: to give as a present.
CICERO, De Senectute and Letters.
9. Translate literally—
M. T. C P. S. D. BRUTO.
EXAMINATION PAPERS,
(1.) " L. Titio Strubone to vehementer etiam
atque etiam rogo.
10. Parse the words—rcjecta est, conficiendum, cognosces, transigas, soleut; jura, equitc, cliligen-tius, amicitia, conditione.
11. Translate the following, and give the rule for thc government of thc governed words—vivo mihi nunquam cripietur; rcipublicoo amantissimus ; Lcucade te putabam me accepturum : seuio con-fectus; pluris est quam ceteras; arbores qmu altcri saccule prosicnt.
12. Give the meaning and the derivation of quadrien-uium, adolcsceutia, gymnasium, tabernaculum, admodum, simplex, olearia, proceritas. (When giving a derivation give also the meaning of the parts.)
V I R G I L , iEneid, I. I I .
9. Translate literally—
Talia voce refert: . . fortcmque Gyan, fortemque Cloanthum.
10. Parse the words—premit, figunt, accinguut, requi-runt, exemta: dapibus, ferinas, vires, costis, tergora.
11. Translate the following, aud give the rule for the government of the governed words—Farce mctu: mores viris ponet: quae nunc animo sou-tentia surgit: qua) vis immanibus applicat oris : qualis videri coslicolis solct: scelus expcndisse merentem Laocoonta ferunt.
MATRICULATION.
12. Give the meaning and derivation of manicse, crini-tus, coetus, aoquor, conjux, exsanguis, iuhumatus, velivolus. (AVhcn giving a derivation give also the meaning of the parts.)
ENGLISH.
(PROFESSOR IRVING. )
O. T., 1860.
1. Give the present, the past, and the past participle of these verbs—fly, flee, flow, bid, blow, break, strike, cut.
2. Explain what you mean by the Comparative and the Superlative degree of an adjective. AVheu would it be correct to say " the latter par^' and when " the last part" ?
3. "The reading of this book has tired me." "Reading this book has tired me." Explain clearly' your reason for considering both or one or other of these correct.
4. "The man you saw at my brother's is richer than I." In this there are some words omitted: supply them, and state the grammatical name for such omission.
5. What is the inaccuracy in—I stood it u p ; Fall that tree: I was given that book?—Give tho correct expressions.
XIV EXAMINATION PAPERS,
6. " A thousand of bricks;" " a thousand bricks." Arc both of these correct or not ? Give your reason for your answer.
7. Give an example of concord, and of government.
8. " Why is earth and ashes proud:" On what ground may thc use of the singular verb bc defended ; and why is it.even preferable to the plural?
8. AVhat is Crombie's general rule for thc use of "a ' or " an" : and what exceptions does it admit?
10. " He was deaf some years before he died." What is the ambiguity in this sentence ?
11. AVhat is the general rule in English for the government of Derivatives ? Give examples to illustrate your rule.
12. Give an example of Asyndeton, Hysteron Pro-terou, a Pleonasm. Explain the meaning and the derivation of thc names.
13. AArhatis the distinction between—avocation, vocation ; verity, veracity; attendance, attention; genii, geniuses ?
1-1. Give an example of Barbarism, of Solecism, and of Impropriety.
F. T., 1861.
1. How is the plural of a noun usually formed in English ? Mention six exceptions to your rule.
MATRICULATION. XV
2. AA'hy is " t h c " called thc definite, and " a " the indefinite article.
3. Give the present tense, the past tense, and the past participle of these verbs—ride, tell, bend, abide, bid, grind.
4. " I was going;" " I went." AAHiat is the difference between the actions predicated by these two tenses ? Give the Latin equivalents.
5. " I shall have finished this examination the day after to-morrow." Name correctly the tense of the verb employed; aud state clearly whv each part of thc name is given to it.
6. Under what circumstances does the nominative in English follow the verb ?
7. " I t tastes good; "he feels sick." In these expressions what is the doubtful point, and what view docs Crombie take r
8. What is meant by thc " absolute case." AAliat is it in English ? Give au example.
9. " Your passing this examination depends on your work being done correctly." Parse this sentence, explaining the government of each word.
10. Point out thc error in each of the following :— name it, and give the proper form of each scnteuce—
(1.) Neither he nor I arc to bc blamed for our non-attention at the time named.
(2.) A child of ten years old is not fit to detect the sophism of such reasoning.
iVl EXAMINATION PAPERS,
(3.) The river is alleged to have overflown his banks.
(4.) I am only come, my comrades having deserted me.
11. Distinguish between—to proceed, to precede; observation, observance; each, every; to wreck, to wreak; mutual, common; highest,uppermost.
12. AVhat are thc five Canons of Criticism given by Crombie ?
ARITHMETIC.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
* # * Five questions must be answered correctly to entitle a Candidate to pass.
O. T., I860.
1. Light travels from the sun to the earth, a distance of 95,000,000 miles, in 8m- 15s- Supposing it to be three years coming from one of the fixed stars, at the same rate, calculate the distance of that star, aud write down the result in words.
2. Rain to the depth of thirty inches falls over an area of twenty-four square miles. Calculate the area of a reservoir twenty feet deep which would be sufficient to hold it. How many gallons would it contain, allowing six and a quarter to thc cubic foot ?
MATRICULATION.
3. A pint of oats weighs 8 oz. 19 dwts. Troy: 100 oats weigh 44-54 grains. Calculate the number of oats in a pint.
4. Express and as decimal fractions, and 105 107
find their sum and their product.
5 Calculate to two places of decimals the number of yards in one side of a square field of one acre.
6. Tho diameter of the earth is 7,926 miles, the diameter of thc sun is 882,000 miles, the distance between them 95,000,000. Supposing thc earth to be represented by a globe one foot in diameter, calculate the diameter of a globe which would represent the sun, and the distance at which it should bc placed.
7. Nine saddles cost £78 10s., 83 bridles cost £100, 47 horses with their saddles and bridles cost £2000. Calculate the average cost of each horse, and express thc result in pounds to three places of decimals.
8. AVrite down the value of each figure standing in thc number 0203.04050, supposing the unit to b e £ l .
9. Reduce to its simplest form the fraction
. 7 - 3
3 + " - ; )
3
and express the result as a decimal.
XV111 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
10. Shew that a fraction may bc multiplied by a given number cither by multiplying its numerator, or by dividing its denominator by that number. Explain what will be the effect of multiplying both numerator and denominator by the same number.
F. T. 1860.
1. Thc quantity of Gold received by escort in 1860 was 2,008,844 oz. 5 dwts. : calculate its value at £3 15s. id. an ounce, and write down the result in words.
2. A seam of coal extends over three square miles, with an average thickness of six inches : calculate its weight in tons, supposing a cubic foot of coal to weigh 1330 ounces.
3. A clock gains an hour and a half in four years: calculate how much it gains in one day, supposing it go uniformly.
93 85
4. Express and as decimal fractions, and 104 103
find their difference and their product.
5. Find how many yards of fencing are required to enclose a square field of five acres.
6. Thc Geological maps of the colony are constructed on a scale of two inches to thc mile : calculate the number of square inches on one of those maps which will represent one thousand acres.
MATRICULATION. XIX
7. 123 pair of volunteer rifle trousers cost £150 ; 247 coats cost £500; 957 coats and trousers with drill instruction for 957 men for a year cost £4000 : calculate in pounds sterling to three places of decimals the cost of drill instruction for one man for a year.
8. Describe and justify the process called " borrowing ten" in simple subtraction.
9. Reduce to its simplest form 16—4
12
13—5 0—3
4 6 and express the result as a decimal.
3 10. Calculate thc value of— of £1 to three places of
17 decimals of one shilling.
XX EXAMINATION PAPERS,
ALGEBRA.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
"V"f Five questions must he ansivercd correctly to entitle a Candidate to pass.
O. T., I860.
1. AVhat docs a letter stand for in Algebra ? Explain thc meaning of ay-b + c — d a + h x c — d 3a + 2b-and calculate their values when a = 4, 6 = 3, c = 2, and d== 1.
2. Reduce to their simplest forms— a-\-x x
j . / , ah—62 \ j a—x a a-fa-hj\ 1 - - rx ) and
y \ {a—by) a+x. x 1 +
a—x a o -vr ii.- i J. xi a b e d , a b c d 3. Multiply together - + - _ . _ _ and T + - + - , + -
b a d e h a d e
4. Divide a2 — h2 — c2 + 2Jc by a + b — c
5. Multiply together— 3a- ¥ & + rufi J-1 c" and 2—c2 — 7 '^-f-
a2 & C. Find x from thc equation—
Ax + 17 337—10 _ • +
x + 3 a;—4
7. Find x from thc equation— 2*+19 Gx—2-1 - „ + =• 8 x + 2 a—o
MATRICULATION. XXI
8. The coefficient of x in the product
{x + a) {x + b) {x + c) {x + d) , / l 1 1 1 \
is- A I - + - 1 - + - ) \ a b c d )
find A. 9. A man walked a miles, at the rate of b miles an
hour: another man walked c miles, at the rate of d miles an hour: the latter occupied an hour and ten minutes longer than the former. Express this statement algebraically.
10. One of two competitors at a Rifle Match made three points more than another: but when the number of points made by each was divided by the number of mouths he had been practising, the quotient was greater in the latter case than in the former by 5. Express this statement algebraically.
F. T, 1861.
1. Explain carefully thc meaning of
a + -J- x h — c, a — 2 {h — c)2, a + h + c + d,
and calculate their values when a =10, 6 = 4,
c = 2 , d = \ .
2. Reduce to their simplest forms
3* + 2 y - ( . - y ) { ^ - l j , a h
and , J. — 2a - 26 ' 26 - 2a
XXII EXAMINATION PAPERS.
3. Multiply together {x2 - 3 x + 2)2 and x2 + 61 + 1.
4. Divide
(« + 6 - c) {a - 6 + c) (6 + c - a) by ft2 - 62 - c + 26c.
5. AVhat is meant by a5 ? Prove that a V = o°.
6. Multiply together
1 5 f , V - 1 2 « 6 V - d ^ + 1 ^ -
„. , , , . • 6z+7 2*-2 2^^- 1 /. Find x from the equation —r-r — » _ ,. = —z— .
8. Find z from thc equation
1 _ 1 1_ _ 1 _ z - 2 _ : - 4 ~ z - 6 _ 2 - 8 '
9. A man walked 6 miles in x hours and a half: a second man walked c miles in ;/ hours and a quarter : the second man walked half a mile an hour faster than the first man. Express this statement algebraically.
10. One clock gains x minutes in s hours: another gams a minutes iu 6 hours: thc former gains twice as much in a day as thc latter. Express this statement algebraically.
MATRICULATION. XX111
GEOMETRY.
(PROFESSOR "WILSON.)
O. T., 1860,
*.,.* Three propositions from Ihe First Book and two from the Second Booh must be written out correctly to entitle a Candidate to pass.
No credit will be given for any proposition in which Algebraical symbols are used.
1. Shew that upon the same base, and on the same side of it, there cannot be two triangles which have the two sides terminated in the one extremity of the base equal to one another, and also those terminated in thc other extremity.
2. Shew that if one side of a triangle be produced, the exterior angle is greater than cither of the interior and remote angles.
3. Shew that parallelograms on the same base, and between the same parallels, are equal to one another.
4. Shew that equal triangles, on equal bases in the same straight line, and towards the same parts, arc between the same parallels.
5. Shew that if the squares described on two sides of a triangle are together equal to thc square on thc third side, the angle contained by those two sides will be a right angle,
0. Shew that if a straight line be divided into two equal and also into two unequal parts, the rectangle contained by the unequal parts, together with the square of the line between the points of section, is equal to the square of half the line.
XXIV EXAMINATION PAPERS,
7. If a straight line be bisected and produced, the rectangle contained by thc whole line thus produced and thc part produced, together with the square of half, the line bisected, will be equal to thc square of the line made up of thc half and the part produced,
8. Shew that in obtuse-angled triangles, if a perpendicular be let fall from either of the acute angles on the opposite side produced, the square on the side opposite to the obtuse angle is greater than the sum of the squares on the sides containing that angle by twice the rectangle contained by that side upon which when produced the perpendicular falls, and the straight line intercepted without the triangle between the perpendicular and the obtuse angle.
9. Shew how to describe a square equal to a given rectilineal figure.
F. T., 1861.
1. Shew that if two triangles have two sides of thc one equal to two sides of the other, each to each, and have likewise their bases equal thc angle which is contained by the two sides of the one is equal to the angle contained by the two sides equal to them of the other.
2. Shew that any two sides of a triangle are together greater than thc third side.
3. Shew that if a straight line falling upon two other straight lines makes the alternate angles equal to one another, these two straight lines will bc parallel.
MATRICULATION. XXV
4. Shew that the opposite sides and angles of parallelograms are equal to one another and thc diameter bisects them, that is, divides them into two equal parts.
5. Shew how to describe a square upon a given straight line.
6. Shew that if a straight line be divided into any two parts, the rectangle contained by the whole and one of the parts is equal to the rectangle contained by thc two parts together with the square of the aforesaid part.
7. If a straight line be divided into any two parts, thc squares of the whole line and of one of the parts are equal to twice the rectangle contained by the whole and that part together with the square of the other part.
8. Shew how to divide a given straight line into two parts so that thc rectangle contained by the whole and one of the parts shall bc equal to the square of the other part.
9. Shew how to describe a square that shall be equal to a given rectilineal figure.
KXT1 EXAMINATION PAPERS.
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY.
(PROCESSOR M ' C O T . )
O. T., 1860.
1 To about what depth does the change of temperature with thc seasons penetrate the ocean ?
2. The plane of constant temperature of 39°. 5. F . is about 7200 feet below the surface at the Equator ; in what latitude does it reach the surface, and what is the form of the curve described from the Equator towards, each pole r
3. Trace the line of thc Magnetic Equator.
4. AAliat do you understand by Magnetic " Lines of no variation"?
5. AArhat is thc mean annual rainfall in the Northern and Southern hemispheres respectively, and how do you account for the difference ?
C. What are the characters of cirrus, cumulus, and stratus, and how are they supposed to bc respectively produced ?
7. AArhat are the considerations pointing to the probability of an open ocean at thc North Pole ?
S. Explain thc precise causes which prevent the extensive freezing of the ocean.
9. Briefly describe the line of thc Andes, and mention some of the characteristic local features of the principal parts of the chain.
MATRICULATION.
10. State the characters used by Von Buch to distinguish Continental [from Pelagic Islands, and give some marked examples of each of these classes of Islands.
F. T., 1861.
1. AArhat is the mean elevation of the Continents of Europe, Asia, North America, and South America respectively ?
2. AArhat are thc chief physical features of the tableland of central Asia ? State approximately its extent, and the approximate elevation and direction of the bounding mountain chains, with their effect on the climate of the included country ?
3. AATiat arc the principal chains of thc Alpine System of mountains of Europe, with their directions and approximate proportions ?
4. Describe the principal rainless districts of the earth, with the causes of the peculiarity in each case.
5. Contrast thc characters of thc Eastern and the AVesteru portions of the great central continental plain of North America.
G. AArhat is the elevation and general character of the " Llanos " of thc Orinoco ?
7. On which flank of the European Alps and of the Himalayas is the snow-line highest, and from what cause in each case is the line raised ?
E 2
XXV111 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
8. Give the geographical limits of thc Arctic Basin, the drainage area supplying it with fresh water, its approximate area, aud thc origin of the great sea-currents therein.
9. AVhat are thc positions of the bands of maximum cold in the Northern hemisphere in January and in Jidy ?
10. Give thc boundaries of the Monsoon regions on each side of the Equator, and the dates at which they respectively blow to certain points of the compass.
ANCIENT HISTORY.
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
O. T., I860.
Candidates may select any two of the following divisions.
I.
1. In what circumstances and at what time were the Peisistratida? expelled from Athens ?
2. Give a short account of Miltiades, as to
{a.) his family,
(6.) his public services,
(c.) his downfall.
MATRICULATION. XXIX
3. (a.) Mention, with their respective dates, the great dramatic poets of Greece.
(6.) Mention the principal extant writings of each of them.
(c.) Mention the public services rendered by any of them.
4. (o.) AVhere is Sphacteria, and what is its modern name ?
(6.) Relate briefly the circumstances connected with its capture.
(c.) At what time and in what war did these events take place ?
5. {a.) Describe the position of Arginusa).
(6.) What was the date and what the circumstances of the battle there fought ?
6. (a.) What remarkable proceedings at Athens arose from the Battle of Arginusse ?
(6.) What eminent philosopher is connected with these proceedings and in what manner ?
II .
1. What event in Roman History synchronizes with the expulsion of the Peisistratidce.
2. (a.) On what occasion aud by whatjperson was the celebrated Fable of the Belly and the Members related ?
(6.) AVhat was the object of the relation ?
(c.) On what terms was the dispute at that time adjusted r
EXAMINATION PAPERS,
3. (a.) AVhat was the object of the Decemviral Legislation ?
(6.) AVhat were the oircumstauces that led to it?
(c.) AArhat arc thc legends connected with the fall of thc Decemviri ?
4. {a.) Give some account ot the Aria Appia and the Aqua Appia.
(6.) AVhen and by whom were these works constructed ?
(c.) Mention some of thc leading incidents in the public life of their constructor.
5. Mention thc instances that have been recorded of the early intercourse of Rome with Greece.
6. (o.) AVhat recognition of their common origin did Rome receive from some of the Grecian States ?
(6.) What was the date of this event?
(c.) AVhat circumstances led to the intercourse of which this recognition was thc result ?
III .
1. AVhen aud in what circumstances was the Principality of AA'alcs annexed to the English Crown ?
2. State briefly the circumstances, with their date, connected with the insurrection of AVat Tyler.
3. State briefly the circumstances, with their date, of thc insurrection of Jack Cade.
MATRICULATION, XXXI
4. {a.) AVhat was the connection between thc House of Tudor and the Kings of Scotland ?
(6.) How is this connection important in our history ?
(c.) Notwithstanding the connection, war arose between the two kingdoms. From what causes, and with what results ?
{d.) What was the field of thc decisive battle iu this war, and who were the commanders on either side ?
5. (a.) AArhat was the date of thc defeat of thc Armada, and who were the English commanders ?
(6.) AVnat were the circumstances that led to this
(c.) In what way had the King of Spain been previously connected with England ?
6. (a.) On what charge were the. Seven Bishops brought to trial ?
(6.) Out of what circumstances had this charge arisen f
(c.) AVhat was the date of these events?
P. T., 1861.
1. {a.) Describe the situation of Thermopylae. AVhat was the origin of the name ?
SXX11 EXAMINATION PAPERS.
(6.) Give some account of its defence against the Persians.
2. On what former occasions and with what success
had the Persians invaded Greece ?
3. AArhat was the cause of the Persian War ?
4. Mention the principal Ionian Colonies, and describe their relative positions.
5. At what time and in what manner did the lonians become connected with the Eastern Kings ?
6. By what name or names did the people whom we call " Greeks" designate themselves ? How do you account for the use of the popular name ?
II.
1. AVho was Spurius Cassius, and how is he remarkable.?
2. Give some account of the principal events in the life of Camillus.
3. State the principal legends connected with the later inroads of the Gauls.
4. (a.) In what war was the Battle of Vesuvius fought, and what was its date r
(6.) Mention the remarkable events connected with that battle.
5. Give some account of the battles which Pyrrhus fought against the Romans.
MATRICULATION. XXXlll
6. AA hat were the Spolia opima? By whom and on what occasions is it said that they were won ?
III .
1. («.) AVho was thc firstand who the last Sovereign of the House of Plantagenct ?
(6.) State the circumstances in which the former obtained and the latter lost the Throne.
(c.) AVhat was the date of each of these events :
2. AVIiat Kings or Princes of England took part iu the Crusades ? Give some account of the exploits of each of them.
3. AATiat were the circumstances that occasioned Edward I.'s interference with thc affairs of Scotland ?
4. With what nations was Edward III . at war ? Mention with their dates his principal victories over each.
5. AVhat were the claims of Henry Tudor to be regarded as the representative of the Lancastrian line?
6. What were the two great calamities that befell London in the reign of Charles II . ?
B 3
XXXIV EXAMINATION PAPERS,
CLASSICAL EXHIBITION AT MATRICULATION, 1861.
GREEK.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
1. Translate— ei ovv r a v r a rotuvra. ea ra i . . . .
wsirep Kal vvv i"jevero.
2. Translate carefully— u> prjrep, w reKova, aireipt Sij Karw,
rddvyic i^iuiye irplv Oavciv KUKUIV VTTO.
3. Mention anything noteworthy in the form of these w o r d s : iKira^Xovpevot, iXlricai, <pdaf(avov, XP*IV
( Inf . ) , rov, appopos .
4. AVhat name is given to the meter generally used in this play ? and for what reasons ?
5. AVhat is the meaning and the derivation of iraXrdv, 7revT>jKovropo9, dva'gevyvvvai, d p p o a r i p , Kupirala, Kovtards, povo^vXov.
(!. "Ore, irore, Snore, may all be translated by " when." Explain in what kind of sentence each is to be employed, with illustrative examples.
7. Explain clearly and fully what is meant by attraction, with examples.
8. Put into ©reek the following sentences :—
If you desire good things you will soon know that .you are happier than -ever.
MATRICULATION. XXXT
My brother's new slave told mo that I ought to wait for (irepipjveiv) him near the city.
Henceforward I shall be on my guard against flatterers, as I have learnt that they are the worst of counsellors.
The volunteers were drawn up four deep in order that they might march more easily through the city.
I have sent my eldest son to a master to get him taught, as being myself unlearned.
LATIN.
TROFESSOR IRVING.
1. Translate carefully—
Faciam, ut potcro, Laeli. id autem non posse multis contingere.
2. Translate carefully—
Sic ait, et dicto citius . , . . . . . . . . , . . curruque volans dat lora sccundo.
•3. Translate into Latin—
(1.) If a general of very great genius were to arise every ten years, it can hardly be -doubted that our country would always triumph over her enemies.
XXXVI EXAMINATION PAPERS,
(2.) The consul having taken thc camp of thc -dEqui, sends a message to his colleague, whose army was attacked by the Arolsci both in front and in rear, that he will presently come to his assistance.
(3.) The price at which both wheat and barley arc now selling is so great, that within (post) thc memory of man the deamess of corn in this year cannot bc surpassed: should however the fleet from Alexandria arrive, as may bc hoped, before the first day of next month, corn will at once become cheaper.
(4.) Had you been present, you would have seen one man running one way, one another : you would have said that it was a rout (fuga), not a battle.
(5.) It does not necessarily follow, though most men think so, that the snares of our enemies are more difficult to avoid, the greater the care with which they are laid.
4. At the end of one of Cicero's letters we find, " D. pr. Non. Mai." Give a full explanation of this and the corresponding English date. Also of " A. d. x. Kal. Jun.," and " post diem tertium ejus diei."
5. Derive these words—adytum, cxsilium, velamen, princeps, consolor, pugio, podagra, pededentim, meliusculc. Give also the meaning of each.
(5.) AVhere are the followmg places situated :—Epi-daurus, Baia>, Athens, Silva Gallinaria, Brundi-sium, Capua ?
MATRICULATION. XXXVii
ENGLISH.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
In valuing this paper credit will he given for the writing and the style.
1. AVrite a clear and concise narrative of any one of the following:—
(1.) The Peloponncsian AVar.
(2.) The Invasion of the Gauls and the capture of Rome by them.
(3.) The AVars of the Roses.
2. Of Man's first disobedience and the fruit Of that forbidden tree whose mortal taste Brought death into the world and all our woe AVith loss of Eden till one greater Man Restore us and regain the blissful seat Sing heavenly muse that on the secret top Of Oreb or of Sinai didst inspire That shepherd who first taught thc chosen seed In the beginning how the heavens and earth Rose out of chaos or if Sion hill Delight thee more and Siloa's brook that flowed Fast by the oracle of God I thence Invoke thy aid to my adventurous song That with no middle flight intends to soar Above the Aonian mount while it pursues Things unattemptcd yet in prose or rhyme.
From what poem of what writer is this extract taken ?
AA'rite it out and punctuate it.
•XXXV111 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
Give thc derivation of every word of two or more syllables occurring in it.
3. Trace so far as you can the history and thc etymology of these words—musket, infantry, university, doctor, curate, examination, eccentricity, democracy.
4. " Thc red and white rosettes." What different meaning may be attached to these words, and which do you consider to be the real one ?
•5. " The plan enclosed is requested to be returned."
"The tidings sent were as follows."
•State clearly on what grounds you consider each of these expressions to be correct, or the opposite.
GEOMETRY.
( P R O F E S S O R WILSON.)
'Credit will not be given for any proposition in which Algebraical symbols are used.
1. Enumerate thc several kinds of magnitude treated of in the two first books of Euclid. What is meant by two magnitudes of the same kind being equal to one another ? Give an instance from the first book of the application of this idea
• in -the case of each kind of magnitude.
MATRICULATION. XXXIX
Shew that the angles made by any number of straight lines which meet in one point are together equal to four right angles.
If two triangles have two sides of the one equal to two sides of thc other each to each, and an angle opposite to one of these sides in the one equal to the angle opposite to the side equal to it in thc other, shew that the angles opposite to the other equal sides are cither equal to one another or together equal to two right angles.
Shew that parallelograms on the same base and between thc same parallels are equal to one another.
Shew that if the opposite sides of a quadrilateral figure are equal to one another the figure will be a parallelogram.
Shew that in any right-angled triangle the square described on the side opposite to the right angle is equal to the sum of the squares on the sides containing that angle.
Shew that the difference of the squares of two unequal lines is equal to the rectangle contained by the sum and the difference of the lines.
If the straight line which bisects the vertical angle of a triangle also bisects the base, shew that the triangle is isosceles.
A square and a straight line are given: find a straight line which with the given straight line will contain a rectangle equal to thc square.
Xl EXAMINATION PAPERS,
ALGEBRA.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
1. Shew that x" — y" is devisible by x — y, and find the first two and thc last two terms of the quotient.
2. If a; is the least common multiple of a and 6, and y the least common multiple of x and c, shew that y is the least common multiple of a, b and c.
3. Express A{ad + hef - {a2 - 62 - c2 + d2)2 as the product of four factors.
4. Is thc highest common factor of two algebraical expressions always numerically equal to the greatest common measure of the numbers which they represent ? Explain fully the reasons for your answer and give examples in illustration of it.
r re a ° \ ,1 i « + J C + d 5. If •=• = -; shew that 1 = ,.
b a a—b c—d 6. Find the fourth root of
(* 2 +±) 3 -4 (>+ l ) 2 +12 .
7. Find what relation must hold between a, b and c, that ax2 + hx+ c may be a perfect square,
8. Find a; from the equations (—ZJl\ _ ^ ~ a ~ ' \ x + h J x + a + 2h
9. Find x, y and 2 from thc equation—
i + i = 1 , i + i = 2 , i + i 4 , x y x s y z 2
MATRICULATION. x l i
10. One man travels along a road at the rate of 7 miles in two hours, and rests during every third hour: another man starts twelve hours after him and travels at the rate of 19 miles in three hours, and rests for half an hour after every three hours' travelling: find when and where he will overtake the former.
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY.
(PROFESSOR M'COY.)
1. Give approximately the boundaries of the Provinces of summer, winter, and autumnrains respectively in Europe.
2. At what rate does thc sensible heat of the atmosphere decrease with its height above the surface of the earth ?
3. With about what parallels of North and Sauth latitude respectively does the equatorial limit of the deposition of snow at the sea level nearly coincide in thc North and South Hemispheres ?
4. AVhat are thc average annual rainfalls in the Tropics and in the Temperate zones respectively ?
5. State the law in accordance with which the pendulum must be lengthened to swing equal time in going from thc equator towards thc poles, and connect thc facts with the form of the earth and length of the degrees.
x l i i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
6. Trace thc southernmost line of the temperature of 32 ° across thc world in January, pointing out the causes of the more remarkable curves.
7. AVhat is the direction and cause of the Mozambique current ?
8. Trace the bounds of thc region of Hurricanes in thc Indian Ocean.
HISTORY.
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
I.
1. AA'hat is the first well authenticated date in Grecian History ?
2. Describe the different classes into which the population of Laconia was divided, and their mutual relations.
3. {a.) What remarkable Occurrence recorded by Thucydides shews the spirit of the Spartan Government towards the Helots ?
(6.) AVhat were the circumstances that gave rise to this occurrence ?
4. {a.) AVhere was the Thyrean plain ?
(6.) Give some account of the celebrated combat for its possession.
{c.) AVhat change in Hellenic feeling does the subsequent history of this dispute illustrate ?
MATRICULATION. xliii
5. AVhat were the circumstances that induced Sparta to relinquish her leading, position among the allied Grcciiins after thc Persian AA'ar ?
6. AVhat after this event was the first cause of offence between Athens and Sparta ?
It.
1. AA'hat is the legend as to the Etruscan origin of • Servius Tullius, and on what authority does it
rest?
2. AArhat is thc difference in the character of the Roman legends as to the period of the Kings aud to the period of the Patricians ?
3 {a.) What were thc terms, as far as they are known, of the first treaty of Rome with Carthage ?
(6.) At what period was this treaty concluded ?
(c.) AA'hat inferences as to tho power of Rome has it suggested ?
4. {a.) AAlien and in what circumstances was the office of Pnctor created ?
(6.) In what sense and up to what time had this title been previously used ?
5. AA'hen and in what manner were thc dissensions between the Patricians and thc Plebeians finally terminated ?
6. {a.) What was the cause of the first Punic war?
(6.) AVhat was remarkable iu thc mod$ of its declaration ?
x l i v EXAMINATION PAPERS,
III. 1. {a ) When and by whom were the Jews expelled
from England ? (6.) AVhen and by whom were they permitted to
return ?
2. When and in what circumstances did thc English abandon their projects of French dominion?
3. At what time and on what occasion were cannon first used in the English army ?
4. At what time and by what person was printing introduced into England ?
5. AVho was the first British circumnavigator, and what were the circumstances that led to this adventure ?
6. What was the first attempt at English colonization, and what was its success ?
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF B.A.
GREEK.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
^ESCHYLUS, Persffi. HERODOTUS, Polymnia.
0. T., 1860.
1. Translate the following passages literally— ((I.) iroXXois pev del . . . .
y Be fidpfiapov.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. x l v
(6 . ) f iaaiXeta ryvvai, . . . . Ovijrwv Trepan etirot,
( c . ) EgyXuae pev By ovrw ex 'SapBi'uiv . . . .
o XOITOS i'ptXo9 y'ie avapt^ .
(d . ) ' E t S i 'AOyvas Kal 1/irdpryv . . . . . .
oil Bta ruvn jv r y v a i r tyv BoKeto f/evdaOai.
3. Tn what meter is the first passage written 1—AVrite down the first five lines, marking the scanning. There are two peculiarities in tho fourth line ; point them out.
3. Give thc nominative and the genitive singular, and the gender of these words—aiixivwv, fiapiBeaat, vyiriwriBos, iirwidvaKras, r p i x a , p d a a o v a , iiirwpias, a t r a , pdarL^ai , n^ i i f i , pvpiuaiv , Karey /dra ,
4 . P a r s e ful ly t h e fo l lowing v e r b s — b p p a r a i , rerar/pdvos, Xei(p6tjvai, igera i , eppw/ev, avOei t : vapeixovro^ iaKevdcaro, iXav, hXyXeopevos, y p e t y a v r o , py&ivra,
0. Give the meaning and the derivation of rywaiKoirXy-Oijs, dXKifppuiv, XevKoirwXos, laoppoTTOt, pyXorpd(po9, rpoxyXuros : i rXyawxaipos, Kpijpvds, KaXXiepeiv, opoTjnj(pos, dvrigoos, dpiruirU.
G. Explain the construction in each of the following—
(a . ) r i p OaXXoiio-ys fiiov (Xuiai .
(6.) roiovro? cpgus iroXXd cy M?Jcovs KUKO.
(c . ) clrav vyoov eKaui^olaro.
{d.) oil pi] Tis a rpa rds dvr iar i j .
{(.) ravrrjv p e v rrjv y p t p y v ovroi . r i j Be vqrepala , &C.
( f . ) perpiXa iXdryero e?vut, oicupuiv eXXyviKav T/TI'
o i iroXXbv pi£ui .
{g.) r a x v r e p a y aocptorepa. ^
(h . ) eV icrc ol aTTo-fovoi ipofpdvrat t eovra i .
x l v i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
7. Give the forms which woidd be used iu the Attic of jiEschylus for these Herodotean forms—oivopao-ros, t aaov , eKTtarai, riovro, OIKOS, iirlirXeov, a>v, covijp.
8. State exactly thc force of the prepositions in the followmg, and shew how that force comes from the original meaning of each—wp'os dvdpwwav, in' ipoi , Kara pvpiovs, peril r a v r a .
9. Give accurately the geographical position of Athos, Sardis, Salamis, Susa, Thasos, Thermopylae, Arte-misium, Plataja.
10. AVhat do you mean by the following grammatical terms—Tmesis, Anacoluthon, Double Augment, Attic Reduplication, Metaplastic, Genitive Absolute ?—Quote or construct' an example of each.
11. Name the birth-place of yEschylus, and that of Herodotus. Give the dates of the birth and the death of each writer.
F . T., 1SG1.
1. Translate literally—
d . oi fyoj raXaiva rrpdaOryrai KUKOV.—v. 5 1 7 — 5 3 1 .
6. Travpoi r/e iroXXcov iguvdo-Tparrrai fidOpuiv.—v. 8 0 0 — 8 1 2 .
C Xd^erai Be Kal . ' . . . . Touy o lx°pdvovs .—ch . 3 3 0 .
2. In what meter is the first passage written 1 AVrite down the first five lines, marking the scanning.
3. Give the nominative and the genitive singular and the gender of the following words—eicipove, piddpos, i jpart , aXi, KpvaraXXoirrjya, l\Kr7vat : e v p v OTTO, Biwpvxat Bpvav, pdvri , TreXu^os, r/dpara.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. x l v i i
4. Parse fully the following verbs—x^aa^at> W^M-ov; cKGio^oiuro, fipiaas, alpuxOeiaa,\ inevOopovres'. dna-rpi^ldvrec, pcuvciipeOa, ei'pero, ip"piaao, direBdgaro, onwiree.
5. Give the meaning and the derivation of—dvBpoirXy-Oeia, dk-rij, /Bai£ei, nepiKXiiara, u p r i ^ v / i a , e a r i ovx 0 ^ '• peryaXofppocrvvi], rptrtjpopis, x ' / A f " T "> irXyaioxaipm, ffxoivorevys, dvranoKretvas.
0. Explain the construction in each of the following— 1. i ipepirros xpovov.
2.. aov KXVWV dvigcrat .
3 . wicros oijsts ivvirviwv. 4 . in'jBypa Kov(pov d<f)i]Xaro. 5 . Biujidvres rbv 'AXvv.
G. CqWXdaacro im'o rd'v fi'pijrui.
' 7 . irccovra VTTO riov iXaaadvaiv.
8 . otov uXl^jov iBetpje Kar'aXajieiv TrdOos.
7. Give the forms which would be used in the Ionic of Herodotus for thc Attic forms—ovv, pel^uiv, rrire, aXXais, roi irwv, OIKIU.
8. State exactly tho force of the prepositions in the following, and shew how that force comes from t h c Original of each—irpbs rovrois , dvd Kiiipas, perd rwv iiXXicv, n a p a rovrov .
9. Give accurately thc geographical position of Ache-lous, Thrace, Tmolus, Salamis, CelaBiire, Ilissus, Himera, Corcyra.
10. AVhat do 3'ou mean by thc following grammatical terms—Dialect, Hendiadys, Syllabic Augment, Asyndeton, Heteroclite, Onomatopoetic ? Give an example of each.
11. Give the dates of the battles of Salamis arid of Marathon.
Xlv i i i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
LATIN.
(PROFESSOR IRVING. )
AriRGiL, Bucolics and -iEneid, BookIX. L I V Y , Books I., II., I II .
O. T., 1860.
1. Translate the following passages literally—
{a.) Candidus insuetum calathis Ariusia nectar.
(6.) Eo tempore in rcgia prodigium visum, . . . . . quod diis cordi essct.
(c.) Comitia inde habita sociis opem laturos.
2. AVhat is the meter in which the first extract is written ?—AA'rite down the first five lines, marking the scansion.
3. Give the gender and write down the nominative and the genitive of—ovilia, qucrcus, apibus, dumis, viribus, Dardanidum, crateras.
4. Parse fully—mvidet, pasti, subeamus, complerant, faxo, agendam, afflictis, exarserant, conscivit, pepererant, jusserit.
5. State accurately the geographical position of— Tusculum, Alba, Anxur, Clusium, Mantua, QZta, Eurotas, Timavus, Rhodope, Pontus.
(i. Explain clearly thc construction in—
(1.) quibus quisque poterat arreptis,
(2.) sepes Hybheis apibus florem depasta salicti.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. xli.X
(3.) curru subjungcre tigres,
(4.) coelo cduccrc certaut,
(5.) sa>voque gclu duramus et uudis,
(6.) id antiquius consul! fuit,
(7.) terror servilis,
(8.) ad prohibenda circumdari opera, '
(9.) oratio j)recibus quam jurgio similis,
(10.) priusquam urbem egredcrentur.
(11.) cxcursionibus sufficicndo,
(12.) communicando consilia laudesquc.
7. Give a brief account of—Kreso Quinctius, Spurius Cassius, Caius Marcius, Appius Claudius.
S. Name in their order with dates the kings of Rome.
'J. Point out and if you can explain the irregularity iu the formation of these words—proximus, major, dabant, surrcxi, rastros.
10. Give the meaning and the derivations of—iners, discrimeu, comes, portinacia, conspicuus, pere-grini, adjumentum, subsidiarius, mansuetus, vindico, judex, dimidius.
F. T., 1861.
1. Translate literally—
(a.) Virgil, Bucolics, vi., 64—73 inclusive,
(6.) „ JEneid, ix., v. 595—610.
(fi.) Livy, Book ii., c. 25—egit.
1 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
2. AA'hat is the meter in which thc first extract is written ? Write down the first five lines, marking the scansion.
3. Give the gender and write down thc nominative and genitive of—ocstum, pecora, pedum, rorc, contis, dites, tripudiis, consilium.
4. Parse fully liquefaeto, egere, abeat, suppleverit, conscivit, censuit, invasisscnt, vcllent, flexisse, seiscitandi.
6. State accurately thc geographical position of Arcadia, Rcgillus, Cremona, A'eii, Hebrus, Algidus, Delphi, Janiculum, Crustumcrium, Signia.
G. Explain clearly the construction in—
1.. Pictus acu chlamydem.
2. A'obis desidinc cordi.
3. Hie jaculo bonus.
4. Porta; subeuntcm.
6. Juvencum pedibus qui spargat arenam.
6. Nulla nee amncm libavit quadrupes.
7. Fraus servilis.
8. Pcrosa plcbs erat.
9. Cresccre regis criminibus.
10. Res est immensi opcris.
7. Give an account of the reign of Tarquinius Super-bus, and of the expulsion of tho Kings.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION.
8. Give the dates of the founding of Rome, and the battle of Actium.
9. Mention any Latin nouns, the declension of which is irregular.
10. Give the meaning and the derivation of mansuc-facio, sumo, collega, presidium, poutifox, comes, diutumus, expers, oscplum, extemplo, prensare, cxemplum.
ENGLISH AND LOGIC, PART I.
(PROFESSOR IRVING. )
O. T., 1800.
1. Classify and enumerate the languages known as Indo-European.
2. What is the meaning of this name ? For what other name has it been substituted, and why ?
3. AA'hat evidence have we that England was once occupied by a Celtic population ?
4. Craik gives four periods of the English language. By what name does he call his second period ? AVhat reigns docs it comprise, and by what dates is it limited ? and what was during it thc state of the language ?
c 2
Iii EXAMINATION PAPERS,
5. How long was Britain a Roman province ? AVhat traces of that occupation by thc Romans remain in the language ?
G. Give an instance of two allied sharp consonantal sounds. Give an instance in which, according to Latham, our alphabet employs—
{a.) A combination of two symbols to signify one simple sound,
(6.) One symbol to signify the combination of two sounds.
7. AA'hat is Latham's test for a true compound. Apply it to two instances.
8. I t has been said that father's is a contraction of " father his". AA'hat foundation is there for this assertion, and what may bc urged against it?
9". Explain the forms of—AA'alcs, twain, songstress, thirty, riches.
10. Give Latham's various classifications of adverbs.
11. What is the precise meaning of the grammatical terms—an Auxiliary, Pleonasm, a Particle, a Reflexive Pronoun ?
12. Correct the following, explaining clearly the error iu each—
(1.) The former clement is the most important.
(2.) King or queen being different names for thc different objects.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION, li i i
(3.) Tell me in sadness whom she is you love.
(4.) The ten men beat each other.
13. Of how many parts does every proposition consist ? Explain any apparent exceptions to your answer.
14. In argument what are the three operations of the mind concerned? and with what does each furnish us ?
15. In order that two propositions may be opposed, what points of similarity and of difference must they have ?
16. AA'hat is meant by Division, and what are thc rules for it ?
17. Give Thomson's Definition of Logic, and briefly his explanation of that definition.
18. Explain what is meant by the Connotation and the Denotation of a Term, and exemplify in the terms—philosopher, ship.
19. Give examples of the various kinds of Categorical propositions according to AVhately, Thomson, and Hamilton.
20. AA'hat is a conception ? How is it formed, and how marked ?
F. T., 1861.
1. AA'hat writers give us the earliest external evidence as to the language of England : and what is the discrepancy in their statements ?
l iv EXAMINATION PAPERS,
2. AVhat is the meaning of Limes Saxonicus ? In what document does the name occur, and what inference has been drawn from its occurrence therein ?
3. To what class of languages does French belong ? AA'hat names were given to its two great early dialects, and why ? At wliat period were these introduced into England ?
4. AA'hat is meant by Latin of the Second Period ? AA'hen was it introduced and how far is it still retained ?
5. How do you account for the final mute e in large, love, note, hope ?
6. AA'hat is commonly given as the earliest specimen of English, and what is its date ?
7. AA'hat account does Latham give of the initial sound in the word "chest" and the final sound in " sing "?
8. AA'hat are, according to Latham, the defects in our alphabet ? Give an example of each.
9. What does Latham mean by extraordinary processes, ambiguous processes, processes of confusion ? Give an example of each.
10. Explain the fonns, sang, sung ; old, elder; nethermost ; spinster.
11; AVhat is meant by mood and by tense ? AA'hat, according to Latham, are the moods and the tenses in English ?
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Iv
12. Name some words to which the inseparable adverb for is prefixed. AVhat is its force ?
13. To thc Genus " Sentence " what differentia do you add to form thc species "Proposition", and from what other species of sentences is it thus marked off?
14. Give an example in English and one in Latin of an Equivocal Common name, an Analogous Common name, and an Infinite Common name.
15. Distinguish carefully between Division and Partition.
16. Give an example of the propositions called by AVhately A. E. I. 0 . ; and show in what ways each may bc converted.
17. Name and exemplify the four functions attributed . to language by Thomson.
18. Taking any six objects you please, shew how the process of forming a concept from them would proceed.
19. What is meant by the term " Truth a priori "?
20. Shew how a Hypothetical may be converted to a Categorical Proposition.
Iv i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
GEOMETRY.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
*ft* Eight questions must be answered correctly to entitle a Candidate to pass.
O. T, 1860.
1. Shew how to describe a parallelogram equal to a given triangle, and having one of its angles one-third of u right angle.
2. AVhat is meant by a rectangle being contained by two straight lines ? Shew that if a straight line be divided into any two parts tho sum of the rectangles contained by the whole lino and thc two parts severally is equal to the square described on the whole line.
3. Define a circle, the centre of a circle, the diameter of a circle, a chord of a circle. Shew that if a chord of a circle which is not a diameter be bisected at right angles by a straight line this line will pass through the centre.
4. Shew that if a straight line be drawn through the extremity of the diameter of a circle, at right angles to it, this straight line will not cut the circle.
5. Shew that tho opposite angles of any quadrilateral figure inscribed in a circle arc together equal to two right angles.
C. AVhen is a circle said to be inscribed in a rectilineal figure ? Find the centre of thc circle inscribed in a given triangle.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Ivi i
7. AVhat is meant by similar rectilineal figures ? If two triangles have thc three sides of thc one proportional to the three sides of the other, the triangle shall be equiangular, and shall have those angles equal which arc opposite to the homologous sides.
8. Explain what is meant by duplicate ratio. Shew that similar triangles arc to one another in the duplicate ratio of their homologous sides.
9. Define a plane superficies. AA'hen is a straight line said to be perpendicular to a plane ? Draw a straight line perpendicular to a given plane from a given point above it.
10. Shew that if a solid angle be contained by three plane angles any two of them must bc greater than the third.
11. In an equilateral triangle, if a perpendicular bc drawn from one of tho angles to the base, shew that the square described on the perpendicular is three times the square described on one of the segments of the base.
12. Describe the two most important units used in representing angles numerically. Express in terms of each of these units the angle subtended by an arc one foot long at a radius of twenty-five feet.
13. Define the sine of an angle, and trace the changes in its magnitude as the angle increases from 0° to 180°.
Calculate the sines of 30°, 45°, and 60°. c 3
Iv i i i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
14. Given the siucs and cosines of two angles, prove a formula for fii of thc angles. formula for finding the cosine of the difference
15. Given the cosine of an angle, prove a formula for finding the sine of half the angle.
16. Shew that in any triangle the sum of any two of the sides is to the difference of the same two sides as the tangent of half thc sum of thc opposite angles is to the tangent of half the difference of those angles.
17. AVhat is meant by the index of a logarithm ? State and prove thc rule for determining the index of the logarithm of any number.
18. Describe and explain the construction of the Vtr-nier and the mode of using it.
19. The sides of a triangle arc 783-45, 824-71, and 938-90 yards. Find the angles and the area in acres.
20. Find at what distance the top of a mountain, six thousand feet high, will cease to be visible over
' still water from the deck of a ship twenty feet high.
21. From two consecutive milestones on a level road, running due N. and S., the bearings of a distant object are N.E. and N.N.E. Calculate the distance of the object from the nearer milestone.
22. Find the area of a regular octagon inscribed in a circle whose radius is 100 feet.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. l i x
F. T., 1861.
1. Shew that the complements of the parallelograms which are about the diameter of any parallelogram are equal to one another.
2. Shew that if a straight line be divided into two equal parts aud also into two unequal parts the rectangle contained by the unequal parts together with thc squares of thc line between the points of section is equal to the square of half the line.
3. Shew that if two circles touch each other externally thc straight Hue which joins their centers will pass through tho point of contact.
4. Shew how to draw a tangent to a circle from a given external point.
5. Shew that thc angle at thc center of a circle is dour ble the angle at the circumference upon the same base.
6. Show how to describe a circle about a given triangle.
7. Shew that if the base of a triangle be divided into two segments having the same ratio as the sides of thc triangle the line which joins thc vertex to the point of section will bisect the vertical angle.
8. Shew that triangles which have one angle of the one equal to one angle of the other and the sides about the equal angles reciprocally proportional are equal to one another.
Ix EXAMINATION PAPERS,
9. Shew that if two straight lines bc at right angles to the same plane, they are parallel to one another.
10. Shew that if two straight lines which meet one another be parallel to two other straight lines which meet one another, but are not in thc same plane with them, thc plane which passes through thc first two is parallel to the plane which passes through the second two.
11. Shew that if two circles cut one another the tangents drawn to them from any point in their common chord are equal to one another.
12. Give a definition of the unit of circular measure of an angle and also of a degree. AVhat will bc the length of the arc subtending 1° 30' at a distance of 500 feet? AA'hat is the circular measure of this angle ?
13. Define the tangent of an angle, and trace the changes in it as the angle increases from 0° to 180°. Calculate thc tangents of 30°, 45° and 60°.
14. Given the sines and cosines of two angles, prove a formula for finding the cosine of the sum of the angles.
4 A 15. Given tan A = —calculate tan _-
3 2-
16. Shew that the sides of a triangle have to one another the same ratios as the sides of thc opposite
. angles, whether the triangle bc acute-angled or obtuse-angled.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Ix i
17. Define a logarithm, and prove that property of logarithms on which depends their usefulness in abbreviating the process of multiplication. Hence shew that the logarithms of all numbers which consist of the same significant digits have the same decimal parts.
18. Two side§ of a triangle arc 957-3 and 478-9 yards, and the included angle is 47° 15'; find thc other angles, the third side and the area of thc triangle.
19. Find the radius of thc circle inscribed in a right-angled triangle whose shorter sides are 60 and 80 feet.
20. A base A B three-quarters of a mile long is measured, and a distant point P observed at each extremity with a theodolite : at A the readings of the horizontal circle arc for B 325° 15', for P 19° 31', and at B the readings are for A IIS 3 43', for P 61° 9'. Calculate thc lengths o i A P and BP .
21. Find the side of a regular hexagon circumscribed about a circle whose radius is 93 feet.
Ix i l EXAMINATION PAPERS,
ALGEBRA.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
* # * Eight questions must be answered correctly to entitle a Candidate to pass.
O. T., 1860.
1. Reduce to their simplest forms
fo + 2 , QtM y y - x - - y 26 + (6- - 4)x — 26a,'2 {x + y f - x' - y6
3. Multiply together
I - * 8 1 - V2 . . , ,r
, • and 1- \ + y ' ar + x 1 — ,'(,•
and express the result in its simplest form.
3. Extract the square root of
a2 x2 a3 a4
-5 + -., + - - n« + - + 2 x a' x 4
4. Find x from the equation
-i(-i)-K-i)+K-*D-° 5. Find a; fram the equation
x + 2 4- .v 7
6. Shew that a quadratic equation cannot have more than two different roots.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Ix i i i
7. A farmer wishes to inclose a rectangular piece of land to contain 1 aero 32 perches with 176 hurdles, each two yards long: how many hurdles must he place iu each side of the rectangle ?
8. The time of vibration of a pendulum varies as the square root of the length of the pendulum, the length of a pendulum which vibrates in one second is-39-1 inches: find the length of a pendulum which would make 100 -vibrations in aa hour.
9. The distance through which a body will fall from rest in any interval of time in consequence of the attraction of the earth varies as the square of the interval of time and inversely as the square of the distance from the centre of the earth. Supposing a body to fall through 16 feet in one second at thc surface of the earth, which is 4,000 miles from its centre, find how for a body would fall in one hour at the distance of the moon, which is 240,000'miles from the centre of the earth.
10. The weight of a body varies as its volume and specific gravity jointly: a cubic inch of water whose specific gravity is 1 weighs 252-6 grains: find what weight of mercury whose specific gravity is 13-596 would be contained in a cubical vessel each edge of which is an inch and a half long.
11. Find x aud y from the equations
xy {x+y) = 30 , x^+y3--•-35
12. Prove thc formula for thc sum of n terms of a series of" quantities iu Arithmetical Progression.
I x i v EXAMINATION PAPERS.
13. The first term of an Arithmetical scries is 2 and the fifth term 7: find how many term must be taken that the sum may bc 63.
14. A servant agrees for certain wages the first month, and is to have an increase of a shilling every subsequent month, till they reach £ 3 a month : at the end of tho first month for which he received £3 , he finds that his wages have averaged 12 shillings a week: find how long he has served.
15. Define a Geometrical Progression, and find an expression for thc sum of n terms of a series of quantities in Geometrical Progression.
16. Find the limit of thc sum of the series •05 + -005 -4- -0005 -f- &c.
when the number of terms increases without limit.
17. Find what would be thc present population of thc world, supposing it to have doubled every hundred years since thc creation.
F. T., 1861.
1. Reduce to its simplest form—
laP+y1 xz—y2\ ^ ( x + y x—y\ ^x2—y* a r + y 2 ) ^x—y x + y )
2. Reduce to its simplest form—
m2-\-n2
—!——m n m« — n2
~l I * m* + n
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x v
3. Find the highest common factor of— 2x- i+{2a-d)x2—(9a+6)x+27 and 2a;2-13af+18.
4. Extract the square root of— („_6) 4 -2 (« 2 +6 2 ) ( a -6 ) 2 +2(a 4 +6 4 )
5. Find x from the equation— 2 1 6
2x—5 x — 3 3a;—1
6. Find x and y from the equations— 3 , 4 4 5 „ - + - = 5 - + - -6 x y x x
I. Find x from the equation-4 5 12
. r+1 x + 2 x + 3
8. Find wliat relation must hold between a, h, and c, iu order that the two roots of the equation
ax2 + bx + c = 0 may be equal to one another.
9. A's age is 35 years and 2 months, B's age is 18 years aud 8 months: how long is it since A was twice as old as B ?
10. The time of vibration of a pendulum varies as the square root of the length of the pendulum: the length of a pendulum which vibrates in one second is 39-1 inches: how many vibrations will a pendulum five feet long make in one day ?
11. The cubical content of a cylinder varies jointly as its length aud thc square of its diameter: what length of wire one-eighth of an inch in diameter could bc made out of a cylinder of copper a foot iu diameter aud a yard long ?
Ixv i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
12. The volume of a sphere varies as the third power of its radius : how many bullets half an inch in diameter could be made out of a sphere 0f l e ad one foot in diameter ?
13. Explain the difference between the number of Permutations of n things r together and the number of Combinations of n things r together.
14. Prove thc formula for finding the number of permutations of n things r together.
15. How many different guards of a sergeant and 8 privates could bc formed from a company consisting of 4 sergeants and 96 privates,
16. Find the sum of n terms of the series (2n—1) + ( 2 » + - 2 ) + ( 2 » - 3 ) + . . .
17. Find an expression for the limit of the sum of a decreasing series in Geometrical progression.
CHEMISTRY &c MINERALOGY.
(PROFESSOR M'COY.)
1. AA'hy are some sulphides precipitated by hydrosul-phuret of ammonia soluble in an excess of thc precipitant and others not ?
2. How many solid angles of a Triakisoetahedral diamond might be removed by cleavage ?
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x v i l
3. From what mineral sources is sulphur obtained for use in the Arts ?
4. AA'hat minerals afford the chief supply of fluorine, and how can it be isolated ?
•5. AA'hat are the principal chemical aud physical characters of Schrotter'sallotropic amorphous phosphorus, and of what use is it ?
6. State thc optic, geometric, aud crystallogrophic difference between a cube and a rhoinbohedron.
7. State the arguments in favour of quartz having the symbols Si 0 , Si O2, and Si O3 respectively.
8. State in words the materials, process, and results indicated, by the formula HO, 02 Os II + 0 , S03 = CO+C02+2HO, S03.
9. AA'rite in Miller's symbols the crystals formed—
1. By truncating the 24 edges of the rhombic Dodecahedron.
2. By truncating the shorter edges of the Te-trahcxahedron.
3. By replacing each solid angle of the regular octahedron by 4 planes inclined on the faces.
10. AA'hat general term is applied to crystals bounded
by aU the faces ± H + K ± L ?
11. How do you prove that Ozone is not a compound related to peroxide of hydrogen ?
13. Explain the different chemical actions of the different parts of the blowpipe flame, and the reasons for the difference.
Ixviii EXAMINATION PAPERS,
HISTORY OF THE LATER ROMAN COMMONWEALTH,
AND OF THE ROMAS E M P I R E .
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
0. T., 1860.
1. What was the meaning of the term Patrician—
(a.) In the first century of the Republic ?
(6.) In the last century of the Republic ?
(c.) In the 4th century of the Christian era ?
{d.) In the 8th century of the Christian era ?
2. (a.) AVhat was the Ordo Equcstcr of the Later Commonwealth ?
(6.) How did it differ from thc Equites of early Rome ?
(c) By whom and with what object was it constituted ?
3. {a.) How, under thc Republic, were Senators appointed.?
i (6.) AVhat were the qualifications, both express and implied, for the office ?
(c.) AVhen and in what circumstances was the Senate abolished ?
4. State and explain the nature of the contests in the later Commonwealth respecting the judicial power.
FIRST ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x i x
The battles of Aix and A'ercella; may be ranked in the number of those whii of thc AVorld's History.' the number of those which changed the course
{a.) State the dates and the places of these battles, the combatants aud their leaders.
(6.) How are these battles entitled to the importance thus ascribed to them ?
G. (a.) State the boundaries of thc Roman Empire under Augustus.
(6.) AA'hen, how, and by whom, were these boundaries extended ?
{c.) AA'hen, how, and by whom, were they permanently reduced ?
7. " Posterity, who experienced the fatal effects of his maxims and example, justly considered him as the principal author of the decline of the Roman Empire."
{a.) AA'ho is the person to whom Gibbon in this passage alludes, and at what time did he live ?
(6.) What were his maxims ?
(c.) AVhat was his example ?
8. Give some account of thc Pitctorian Guards—their
origin, their influence, and their extinction.
9. Trace the various steps in thc downfall of Paganism in the Roman Empire.
10. AVhen and in what circumstances was the Kingdom of France founded ?
l.VX EXAMINATION PAPERS,
11. AVhen and in what circumstances was the Empire of thc AA'est abolished ?
12. AVhen and under what circumstances was the Empire of the AVest revived ?
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION FOR THE
DEGREE OF B.A.
0 . T, 1860.
[ G R E E K , LATIN, E N G L I S H AND LOGIC, PART I, GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY, ALGEBRA, CHEMISTRY MINERALOGY AND BOTANY. The papers were the same as for the first Examination.]
ENGLISH & LOGIC—PART II.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
1. AVhat is thc meaning of the following words employed by Chaucer, and now obsolete—sithen, dele, steven, daun, glecde, tester.
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x x l
2. AA'hat is thc construction in the followmg—
To be weak is miserable
Doing or suffering.
Yet to their general's voice they soon obeyed.
Never since created man.
You ought not walk.
How hard it is for women to keep counsel.
C»sar doth bear me hard.
Friends am I with you all.
3. Scan these lines, explaining, and if you can, illustrating, any peculiarities in them—
And chiefly thou, 0 Spirit! who dost prefer
Signifies that from you great Rome shall suck.
Now in the croppe, now down in thc breres.
4. Give the dates of Milton's birth and death, and of thc first publication of Paradise Lost.
•5. Give a brief outline of the plan of the Knightes Talc.
6 Derive the following words—rally, brimstone, exorcist, schedule, suit, squire, ruth, saucy, seed, fanatic.
7. State the distinction drawn by Whately between Prose and Poetry. AA'hat is, according to him, the definition of each, and what its appropriate qualities ?
8. AA'hat are the main rules for conducting any appeal to the feelings ?
I x x i i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
9. Distinguish accurately between an Example and a Sign; a Fable and a Tale.
10. In what position did Aristotle find thc science of Logic, and in what did he leave it ? AVhat Greek Logicians had preceded him ?
11. Define and contrast a Science and an Art.
12. Mention the four leading functions of Language towards thc thinking process.
13. AA'hat analysis of the process termed Abstraction
is given by Thomson ?
14. How are thc Fallacies classified byAA'hately?
15.- Put into strict logical form and examine— Protection from punishment is plainly due
to the innocent.; therefore as you maintain that this person ought not to be punished, it appears that you arc convinced of his innocence.
All that glitters is not gold : tinsel glitters, therefore it is not gold.
Warm countries alone produce wines: Spain produces wines; therefore it is a warm country.
16. AA'hat do you mean by figure and by mood ? Prove that the conclusion of the first figure may be any.
17. AA'hat do you mean by Definition, Abscissio Infi-uiti, an Ambiguous Term, a Predicate, Denotation, a Sorites ?
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x i l l l
F. T, 1861.
1. To whom is the invocation of Paradise Lost addressed. AA'hat is the express object of thc poem?
2. Characterise briefly the leading peculiarities of Milton's style.
3. At what stage in the development of the English language were the Canterbury tales written ? Give the date of the birth and the death of Chaucer.
4. What do you mean by an Anachronism? Give instances of this from the Julius Cajsar and from the Knightes Tale.
5. By what comparisons and under what circumstances respectively does Milton illustrate the number of the fallen angels ?
6. Explain the following expressions— The oracle of God.
The potent rod of Amram's son. He doth bestride the narrow world
Like a colossus. Thilk ire
That Atheon aboughte trewely.
7. Derive the words obey, dress, clever, diaper, page,
husband, or, kerchief, scandalize.
8. AA'hat account of Antithesis is given by Whatcly ?
9. AA'hat do you mean by a "Presumption" in Rhetoric? Mention some of the ordinary ones.
h EXAMINATION PAPERS,
10. Mention thc chief writers on Rhetoric and give Whately's criticisms on each.
11. AA'hat are the principal methods used for establishing matters of opinion ? Construct an example of each.
12. Taking any six objects you please shew how the process of forming a concept from them would proceed.
13. State the Rules of the Syllogism. Prove that the minor of the first figure must bc affirmative.
14. AVhat is meant by a Sorites ? Construct an exam
ple of each of its two varieties.
15. AA'hat is meant by categories ?
16. Define these terms—Examination, Figure (logical), Genus, Denotative.
17. Put into strict logical form and examine—
" No one who lives with another on terms of confidence is justified on any pretence in killing him; Brutus, therefore, was not justified in killing Ca;sar, on the pretence he urged."
" Meat and Drink are necessaries of life, therefore the revenues of Vitellius being spent
' on meat and drink were spent on necessaries."
" Cloven feet being found universally in homed animals, we may conclude that this fossil animal, which had horns, had also cloven feet."
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Ixxv
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS AND ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
O. T„ 1860.
1. Investigate thc differential co-efficient of sin x. Is it necessary that x be expressed in tenns of any special angular unit ? If so, state what unit and point out where the restriction is introduced.
2. Differentiate
/ sin {a + hx) tan Q ~ )
a -f- 6 cos x and log a
• x
3. Expand tan lx in a scries of ascending powers of x.
4. Find the limiting value of sin "0 - 62 sin 6
e3 (1 - cos 0) when 0 0 •
5. An isosceles triangle is inscribed in an ellipse, its vertex coinciding with the extremity of thc axis major; find when its area is a maximum.
6. Find the following integrals—
J7-") d x
e cos bx dx * J l f i
x4 dx a? + a3
~x^dx i o
D 2
I x x v l EXAMINATION PAPERS,
7. Find the equation to a straight line which passes through two points, whose coordinates are givfen. Apply your result to find the equation to the line through a, 0, and 0, 6.
8. Investigate the expression for the length of the perpendicular, from the point a, b On the line Ax -f By + C = 0.
9. Shew that the tangent to an ellipse makes equal angles with the focal distances.
10. Find thc equation to the Hyperbola referred to its asymptotes.
11. Investigate thc equation to the tangent to thc curve y = f {x) at the point x, y. Apply your result to find the equation to the tangent to the curve
J a 2 ~ x 2 -(- a vers. a
12. Find an expression for the tangent of the angle between the tangent and radius vector of a curve referred to polar co-ordinates.
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x x v i i
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
O. T., 1860.
* # * Eight questions must he answered correctly to entitle the Candidate to pass.
1. A body whose weight is 60 lbs. rests on a smooth inclined plane, whose height is 3 feet and length 5 feet, supported by a string parallel to the plane. State distinctly what forces act upon the body, and calculate their magnitudes.
2. A body whose weight is 120 lbs. hangs from a string 26 feet long. Calculate what force, acting horizontally, would retain it in a position 10 feet from the vertical line through the point of support.
3. State carefully what three equations must be satisfied when forces acting in one plane at different points of a rigid body produce equilibrium. Apply these equations to shew that two weights will balance on a straight lever when they are inversely as their distances from the fulcrum.
4. AA'eights of 1 lb., 2 lbs., 3 lbs., and 4 lbs., are placed , at thc corners of a square. Find the position of
their centre of gravity.
5. The oars of a boat are 3 feet from the rowlock to the hand, and 8 feet from the rowlock to the centre of the blade. Supposing four men to pull, each with a force of 50 lbs., find thc resultant force which propels the boat.
Ixxviii EXAMINATION PAPERS.
6. Assuming that the earth revolves on its axis in 24 hours, and that its radius is 4000 miles—find the velocity of a point on the equator: state also what velocity you assume as a unit.
7. AA'hen a constant force P acts on a body whose mass is M during an interval t, find an expression for the distance through which it will move it, supposing the body to be originally at rest.
8. Through what height must a body fall to acquire the velocity calculated in question 6 ?
A man riding in a circle whose radius is r is inclined inwards at an angle a to t h speed at which he is riding inwards at an angle a to the vertical. Find thc
10. A clock whose pendulum beats seconds, and which goes correctly at the level of thc sea, is carried to the top of a mountain 10,000 feet high. Calculate the effect on its rate, neglecting the change of temperature. Would a watch be similarly affected ?
11. Investigate au expression for the pressure at any point in a heavy liquid at rest, assuming the atmospheric pressure to be 15 lbs. on the square inch.
12. Investigate the conditions which must be satisfied when a solid floats at rest in a liquid.
13. A cone of wood whose specific gravity is *729, and whose height is 10 inches, floats in water with its vertex downwards. How deep will it sink ? The volumes of similar solids vary as the cubes of their linear dimensions.
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x x i x
14. Assuming thc specific gravity of mercury to be 13-596, and the height of the barometer at the level of the sea to bc 30 inches—find at what height a barometer should stand in a diving bell at a depth of 50 feet in fresh water. To what part of the diving bell must the 50 feet be measured ?
15. AA'hat will be the weight in air, and iu water, of a cubic inch of copper whose specific gravity is 8-85.
Supposing it to weigh 2010 grains in oil—find the specific gravity of the oil.
16. Thc diameter of the cylinder in a common pump is 3 inches, and the depth of the water in the well below the spout is 20 feet. Calculate the direct pull requisite to raise thc piston, taking no account of friction.
17. Explain the method of graduating a thermometer according to thc centrigradc scale, and also according to Fahrenheit. AA'hat temperature Fahrenheit corresponds to 25°C. ?
18. Describe the high pressure steam engine, and explain the essential difference between it and the original atmospheric engine as regards the manner in which the steam is used to obtain power.
19. Describe the governor and explain its action.
20. Supposing a horse-power to correspond to 33,000 foot-pounds of work per minute—how long must a steam engine of 100 horse power work to fill a reservoir whose area is 3 square miles, and depth 20 feet, the engine having to raise
. the water 100 feet?
IxXX EXAMINATION PAPERS,
F. T., 1861.
1. Assuming the parallelogram of forces, shew that three forces which may be represented in magnitude and direction by the sides of a triangle taken in order will be in equilibrium when acting at the same point.
2. A uniform straight rod, three feet long, whose weight is one pound, is suspended in a horizontal position by two vertical strings fastened to its two ends, a weight of six pounds is hung on it at a distance of one foot from one end, calculate the tension of each string.
3. A screw whose threads arc half an inch apart is worked by a bar four feet long: calculate the pressure exerted by it when a power of 50 lbs. is applied at the end of the bar.
4. Shew that the center of gravity of a triangle lies on the line joining thc vertex to the middle point of the base, and find whereabouts on this line it is.
5. A person standing in a scale pan takes hold of thc beam at a point between the fulcrum aud the point from which the pan hangs and pulls it downwards : shew whether he will increase or decrease his apparent weight thereby.
0. State the First Law of Motion and the Second.
7. A body is projected horizontally from the top of a tower 150 feet high, with a velocity of 30 miles an hour: calculate thc distance from the foot of the tower at which it will strike the ground.
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x x x i
8. A body attached to a string three feet long is whirled round in a circle on a smooth horizontal table so as to make two revolutions in a second: calculate the ratio of the tension of thc string to the weight of thc body.
9. Shew that the velocity acquired by a body in sliding down a smooth inclined plane is the same as would bc acquired by falling freely through the same height.
10. A clock which beats seconds, and goes correctly at the level of the sea, loses half a minute a day on the top of a mountain : calculate the height of the mountain, neglecting any effect due to change of temperature.
XX- Assuming the specific gravity of mercury to be 13-596, and thc weight of a cubic foot of water to bc 1000 ounces, calculate thc pressure on the square inch at a depth of twenty feet in water when the barometer is at 29-5 inches.
12. Shew that the resultant pressure of a liquid on the surface of a solid partially immersed in it is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced, and acts vertically upwards through the center of gravity of tho liquid displaced.
13. AA'hen a solid is partially immersed in a liquid on which another fluid, either liquid or gaseous, rests, is the proposition enunciated in the preceding question true, and if not what modification should be made in it ?
14. A cylinder of wood whose radius is 10 inches, height 8 inches, specific gravity -73, floats in
n 3
IxXXli EXAMINATION PAPERS,
water with its axis vertical: find tho depth to which it will sink, the weight of the fluid displaced, and the resultant fluid pressure on the part immersed : the height of thc barometer being 29-5.
15, Describe the construction of thc thermometer, and thc two principal modes of graduating i t : is it necessary that the tube of a thermometer should be of uniform bore in order that thc graduations may be of equal length ?
16 Assuming the height of the Yau Yean reservoir to bc 360 feet above Melbourne, calculate in foot-jiounds the amount of work stored up in a cubic foot of water in the pipes at Melbourne, neglecting all loss of power from all causes.
17- Assuming that the velocity with which a liquid issues from an orifice in a vessel containing it is that which would be acquired in falling through a height equal to the depth of thc orifice below the surface of the liquid, calculate the number of cubic feet that will flow in 24 hours through a circular pipe three feet diameter at ii depth of twenty feet below the surface of a reservoir.
18. Enumerate and explain thc points contained in AA'att's first patent for improvements in the steam engine.
19. Describe and explain AA'att's parallel motion for guiding the piston of a steam engine. Is this strictly accurate ? Explain the reason of your answer.
20. An inverted syphon is placed under thc edge of a diving bell >vhen sunk in water, the longer leg
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x x x i i i
being outside: describe and explain what will take place—1st. Supposing the siphon full of water at first; 2nd. Supjiosing.the siphon to be full of air at first.
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY & ZOOLOGY.
( Vertebrutcd.)
(PROFESSOR M'COY.)
O. T., 1860.
1. AA'rite the dental formula; for the Primates, Carni-vora and Ruminantia.
2. Explain the anatomical differences between the placental and non-placcntol Mammalia, and enumerate the orders belonging to each.
3. In what respect do the brains and skeletons of quadrupeds having no placenta differ from those of other mammalia.
4..Enumerate and briefly characterise the orders of birds.
5. Describe the bones of thc shoulder in birds.
6. How would you distmguish the blood of a bird from that of a man ?
7. Whrit Mammalia do birds agree with in the course of the ureters and oviducts ?
I x x x i v EXAMINATION PAPERS,
8. Briefly characterise the Mammalia, Aves, Pisces, and Rcptilia, contrasting their distinguishing characters.
9. By what external and internal characters is the order Ophidia or snakes to be distinguished from other reptiles ?
10. Briefly characterise the six principal orders of Fishes.
GEOLOGY & PALAEONTOLOGY.
(PROFESSOR M'COY.)
O. T., 1860.
1. Define some of the principal igneous rocks, enumerating their constituent minerals, with thc state of each.
2. Describe the method of forming a geological map of a country ; mentioning the facts to be sought in the field, the modes of entering them in the field book, plotting them thence on thc map, and making geological sections from thc map.
3. Give a general description of the origin and filling of veins.
4. AA'rite down the figures and symbols used on geological maps to indicate the dip and strike of strata towards some points of the compass at different angles, with anticlinal and synclinal lines.
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. IxXXV
5. What is the order of superposition of the Red Crag, Plastic Clay, Bagshot Sand, London Clay, Fluvio-marine leads and Barton Clay, and for which of them can you indicate analogues near Melbourne ?
6. AVhat are thc beds of the Neacomian formation ?
7. In what formations arc Cephalopods with angu-lated septa found ?
8. How are Enaliosauri recognised, aud what period is marked by their presence ?
9. Contrast the characters of Oolitic or Mcsozoic and of Palaeozoic coal fields.
10. AA'hat periods would you refer rocks to in which Hippurites were found ?
11. Give thc lithological and paheontological characters of the complete series of the Devonian system of rocks, including the Scotch, Rhenish, and Russian members of the series ?
12. AVhat is the age of the Culm of Devon, its relation to portions of the Irish series of allied rocks, and the general character of its fossil contents ?
F. T., 1861.
1. If Trachyte and Basalt were really fixed together at one time in the interior of the earth, can you suggest any reason why the former should be erupted first so as to appear the more ancient of the two on the surface of thc earth.
2. Give the mineral constitution of a few of the more important azoic and metamorphic rocks.
EXAMINATION PAPERS,
3. Give some descriptive or diagnostic characters of the fossil plants distinguishing thc Flora of the Oolitic coal fields from that of the Paheozoic ones.
4. AA'hat are the lithological characters of the members of thc Triassic system ?
5. AVhat is the range in time of the following genera, or in what geological formations do they occur; viz:—
a. Nautilus. h. Orthoceras. c. Goniatites. d. Clymcne. e. Ammonites. / . Septocna. g. Producta.
6. AA'hat is thc greatest geological age of "raised beaches ?
7. AA'hat geological age would be indicated by the occurrence in a rock of bones of Anoplothcrium or Palajotherium, and how are those genera distinguished ?
8. AA'ith what portions of the English Eocene tertiary formation may the "gypsous series" of the basin of Paris be identified, and what are the points used in proving the identity in the absence of gypsum in the corresponding English beds ?
To what formations do the Gault and the Kimme-ridge Clay belong respectively, and how may they be discriminated ?
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. I x x x v i i
10. Give iii proper order of superposition the members of the Upper Silurian system, with their distinguishing fossils.
CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY.—Part I.
NOVEMBER, 1860.
1. AA'hat, according to Sir E. Creasy, is thc meaning of the phrase " the English Constitution " ?
2. AA'hat are " the great primeval and enduring principles " of that Constitution ?
3. Cite some authority in which these principles respectively are recognised.
4. Lord Macaulay remarks that the two greatest and most important revolutions which have taken place in England were silently and imperceptibly effected.
a. AA'hat were these revolutions ?
b. At what period may each of them be regarded as complete ?
c. Trace the circumstances which principally tended to the accomplishment of each.
5. Trace the influence upon our constitutional history
of—
a. The personal character of King John.
6. His relations with the Church.
IxXXViil EXAMINATION PAPERS,
c. His relations with the King of France.
d. The extent of his French possessions.
6. Magna Charta (s. 24) enacts that " no sheriff, constable, coroner, or other our bailiffs shall hold pleas of the Crown."
a. Explain thc change introduced by this section.
6. Describe the functions of the several officers mentioned.
c. AA'hat are Pleas of the Crown, and why are they so called ?
7. a. AA'hat was the Court of Star Chamber, and on what subjects had it jurisdiction ?
6, In what way was its original influence beneficial ?
c. How, in the time of the Tudors and the Stuarts, did it serve to increase the power of the Crown ?
d. AVhen was it abolished ?
8. a. AVhat, in the early part of Elizabeth's reign, were the principal points of difference between ecclesiastical reformers ?
6. AA'hat are the grounds for supposing it was the Queen's personal influence that prevented any further ecclesiastical change ?
c. AA'hat seem to have been the reasons for her opposition ?
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. IxXXlX
d. AA'hy did the more advanced reformers insist upon questions which they admitted to be in themselves immaterial ?
9. d. AVhat illegal methods for obtaining a revenue did James I. adopt ?
6. AVhen did all such attempts on the part of the Crown finally cease ?
c AVhat legal but disused methods did James I. revive ?
d. AA'hen and on what terms were these sources of revenue abolished ?
10. a. AVhat were the ostensible motives for the Act of the Long Parliament against its own dissolution ?
6. AA'hat were the real motives ?
c. AVhy did the King assent to so great an infringement of his prerogative ?
d. AA'hat seems to have been the effect of this measure upon thc interests of the King ?
11. Trace the causes of the reaction against Charles II. 's Government at the time of the impeachment of Clarendon.
12. AA'hat, at the accession of James II., is thc most proble estimate—
a. Of the population of England ?
6. Of the Royal revenue ?
EXAMINATION PAPERS,
F. T, 1861.
1. AA'hat Is the principle which distinguishes a Constitutional from an Absolute Monarchy?
2. Shew that this principle is fully recognized iu the Great Charter.
3. AA'hat are the provisions of the Great Charter as to the Administration of Justice.
4. AA'hat are the principles which determine thc descent of the Crown, and at what period may they be regarded as established ?
5. AA'hat evidence does the Statute Book supply of the rising importance of thc House of Commons under thc Lancastrian Kings ?
6. In what respects may the reign of Henry VII. bc regarded as an era in our history?
7. (a.) State briefly the case known as Cavendish's case in the time of Queen Elizabeth.
(6.) For what purposes is this case cited by Mr, Hallam ?
8. Mr. Hallam observes, that " while we can hardly pronounce Mary's execution to have been so wholly iniquitous and unwarrantable as it has been represented, a more generous nature than Elizabeth's would not have exacted the law's full penalty."
{a.) AA'hat was thc charge on which Mary-was executed.
(6.) Assuming her guilt, was she amenable to any English jurisdiction ?
SECOND ORDINARY EXAMINATION. XC1
(c.) AA'hat course does Mr. Hallam think that Elizabeth should have adopted regarding her, and what are the grounds of this opinion ?
9. Lord Macaulay, in writing of the year 1003, says, " that year is on many accounts one of the most important epochs in our history. Explain this statement.
10. How does Lord Macaulay explain Cromwell's conduct in reference to the execution of the King?
11. In what way did the circumstances connected with the domination of the army prove favorable to our liberties ?
12. Lord Clarendon, in writing of the state of public affairs in the earlier part of the reign of Charles I., complains, that, "every man was more troubled and perplexed at what they called the violation of the law, than delighted or pleased with thc observation of all thc rest of the Charter ; never imputing the increase of their receipts, revenue, and plenty, to the wisdom, virtue, and merit of the Crown, but objecting every small imposition to thc exorbitancy and tyranny of the Government."
{a.) AVas Clarendon's owu conduct consistent with these remarks ?
(6.) Do you consider the principle involved in this passage sound, and what arc the reasons of your opinion ?
(c.) AVhat were the causes of thc prosperity of the country at this period ?
{d.) AA'as thc prosperity due either wholly or partially to Charles's administration ?
THIRD ORDINARY EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF B.A.
[ E N G L I S H AND LOGIC, PART I I . : ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY AND D I F F E R E N T I A L CALCULUS : NATURAL PHILOSOPHY: ZOOLOGY: GEOLOGY: CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY, PART I. Thc Papers were the same as for the Second Examination.]
GREEK.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
THUCYDIDES, Book I I . ARISTOPHANES, Clouds.
0. T., 1861. 1. Translate—
( a . ) Xfi-a> roivvv ryv dp^aiav . . . . . . .
. • . . i>s r a s Moucras d<pavi£a>v.
(6.) TrXelora yap Btav airdvrav
ei arparyyria-ei KXiav.
(c.) |uXa pev ovv ripvovres
oiKiav KaQaipovvres.
2. Derive the words underlined.
3. Scan the first four lines of each of the metrical
extracts.
4. Give an outline of the plot of tho Clouds.
5. Give the meaning of thc following phrases—yv Be rtf einrj y i7n^frj(pto-tj—orvpaKKO aKOvriov dvri /3a-\dvov xpyadpevos i s rbv poxXov—erri reao-dpav reraypdvoi—ei ptj Xr/pas (coXoicwrais iXKU) ae KXTJ-rtio-ovra—evrj Kal v ia—€i prj rerpdperpov i a n v ypietrdov.
6. Derive and explain these words—pfreapoa-ocpia-Tyt —XeitroXoyeiv—pvo-rrjpia—arpayyeveo'Bai—rpvyoBai-pav—oropoiiv—SpKrovpoi—evrpaireXas—rpoiroir i jp.
THIRD ORDINARY EXAMINATION. XC111
7. ilention some of the leading peculiarities of the style of Thucydides.
8. Draw an outline map of Peloponnesus, marking the principal places named in the second book of Thucydides.
9. AVhat is peculiar in the forms iXfXrjBtj, piyav, e'£ao-i 1
10. Mention some of the principal yearly festivals at Athens.
11. Give a brief account of the first year of the Pelo ponnesian war.
12. What is the peculiarity or the ambiguity in rb vavri-KOV ynep /"o-^uouo-i—raj vnepPdXXovri airwv <f>Bovovv-rtc—dyit'cri voptfavres—KivBvvov S>V iv rij dp\y airrix6to-6e.
F. T., 1861.
1. Translates— a. o i prj OKUiyjfeis aiXwv, V. 296—313 .
6. «T* iivBpa rwv airov rbv aKardjiXyrov Xoyov. v. 1214—1999.
C 'EBoKei XafHovra imirto-dmet inopBovv. I I . 93 .
2. 'Give a brief outline of the proceedings of the first year of the Peloponnesian war.
3. Explain the following— . . . .
(1.) yS.fatrrjVioi oi iv HaviraKTif. (2.) TU (Vi QpqKrjs x a P l a ' (3.) irepl dpKToipov iirtroXdc. (4.) Ka6('icrai rits Kajras irrdaryaav roi riXov.
4. Derive and explain—
rpoiratriip, (poppvBov, airropoXos, BierfjO-ios, Koirnarias, KXypovxiKy, irepaiKal, Upopvypoveveiv, •apvraveia, BiaXcivroXoyeio'Bai, rrarpaXoiat, cr^eTXior.
exiv EXAMINATION PAPERS,
5. Translate and explain—
(1.) nepiSov wv ipoi.
(2.) el py Xr/pat KoXoKvvraic.
(3.) irpdypara Kavnypatpas noXXicv raXdvra>v u£ia.
(4.) eir 'AKaBrjpeiav Kandiv IITTO rats popiais diroBpd^ei.
6. AVhat is meant by a Parabasis, The Old Comedy, xopov BtSdo-Keiv, the Diasia ?
LATIN.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
O. T., 1860.
CICERO, Tusculan Disputations, Books III. , IA7., A'.
JUVENAL, Satires.
Translate—
a. Ingenium velox . , . . . quo pruna ct cottana vento.
6. Eloquiuin et famam • . . . . volveris a prima qua; proxima-
c. Ex quo omnibus . . . . . . . . . . . . tondere filias suas docuit.
2. Give an outline of the satire from which the second extract is taken. By what English author has it been imitated, and what modem parallels does he take for Hannibal and Scjanus?
3. Give an analysis of the 3rd book of thc Tusculans.
T H I R D ORDINARY EXAMINATION. XCV
4. Classify and enumerate the " perturbationcs " from the 4th book.
5. Translate and explain—
Quooque salutato crcpitat concordia nido. Si quid tcntaveris unquam Hisccre tanquam habeas tria nomina. Megalcsiacic spectacula mappas. Exisse e potestatc. Tanquam clavo clavum.
6. Give the meaning and and derivation of phiditia, parietimc, gravedinosus, enucleate, dialectic!, airugo, ergastula, ficedula, aretalogus.
7. AA'here are Ephesus, Corinth, Majotis, Baiai, Thebe, Tibur?
8. By whom were the philosophical sects of the Stoics and the Cyrenaics founded; why did they receive these names; and what were their main tenets ?
9. AA'hat is the construction in— . Vivat Pacuvius vel Nestora to turn.
10.. AA'hat' is the value o f t e n sestertia, of a denarius, and.of a quadrans ?
F. T. 1861. • 1. Translate—••
a. Duceris planta venerit infans. A'. 125— 145.
6. Mors sola fatctur exegit gloria poenas. X. 172—187.
c. Sic igitur affecto satictas deterreret. IA'., C. XXXV.
XCV1 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
2. Translate and explain the following expressions :—
Nuda pa3nc cathedra.
Samothacrum aroa. Nemo togam sumit nisi mortuus. Pulsandum vertice raso prajbebis caput.
Summula, qua vilis tessera venit frumenti.
Genua incerare deorum.
Nulla crepido vacat.
Nota mathcmaticis genesis tua.
3. Derive, translate and explain—
trechedipna, Acersccomcs, stipulari, conchylia,
pinnirapus, anabathra, tabulata, pygargus.
4. AVhat are the historical allusions in—
(1.) Sic libitum vano qui nos distinxit Othoni.
(2.) Minturnarum paludcs.
(3.) Quum calvo serviret Roma Neroni.
(4.) Torquatus ille qui hoc cognomen invenit.
(5.) Paullus Persi deprecanti ne in triumpho du-ccretur.
5. State what you know of the philosophers Pythagoras, Zeno, Aristippus.
C. Derive, translate, and explain—
tormenta, Peripatctici, macte, radius, condiraentum, desidero, hydraulus, fasciculus.
THIRD ORDINARY EXAMINATION. XCV11
MIXED MATHEMATICS.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
O. T., 1860.
1. Prove the expression for the cosine of the angle between two straight linos, in terms of the direction cosines of thc lines.
2. AVhen is a straight line said to bc perpendicular to a plane. Investigate the conditions that must be satisfied in order that the line
x—a y—b z—c I ~ in ~ n
may be perpendicular to the plane A x + B y + C z = D
3. Find tho general equation to the tangent line to the curve defined by the equations
« - 0 v = 0 at thc point x, y, z.
4. Find the equations to the cylindrical surface, equally inclined to the three co-ordinate axes which
• circumscribes the ellipsoid x2 y2 z- , _ + -L- + — = 1 a- li' c-
5. Find the centre of gravity of a portion of a paraboloid of revolution cut off by a plane perpendicular to thc axis.
6. Explain what is meant by stable equilibrium. Find the greatest length of axis of the paraboloid in question 5, that it may rest in stable equilibrium on its vertex.
X0V111 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
7. A cylinder rests on an Inclined plane supported by a string wound round it, thc portion of the string not in contact with the cylinder being horizontal. Find the least value of the coefficient of friction between the cylinder and the plane consistent with equilibrium.
8. Find the equation to the common catenary.
9. A string passes over a cylinder in a plane at right angles to its axis so that the portion in contact with the cylinder subtends an angle 0 at thc axis. Find the ratio between the tensions of the free parts of the string when on the point of motion, thc coefficient of friction being p.
10. Two equal weights connected by a string hang over a cylinder whose axis is horizontal. Compare the force requisite to produce motion by raising one of the weights with that requisite to produce motion by pulling one of them down.
11. AA'rite down the three general equations of motion of a particle, and shew that if the resultant force acting on the particle always passes through a fixed point the motion will be in one plane.
12. A particle moves on a plane curve under the action of forces in the plane of the curve. Find an expression for the normal reaction of the curve, and explam of what two parts it consists.
13. A body is moving in an ellipse round a center of force in the focus. Calculate the effect on the elements of the orbit of a small diminution of the velocity at any point.
T H I R D ORDINARY EXAMINATION. CXCX
14. A rod without weight whose length is that of the seconds pendulum, has equal heavy particles at each end. Find the time of a small oscillation about a point one quarter of the length of the rod from one end.
15. AA'rite down the six equations of motion of a rigid body deduced immediately from D'Alembcrt's principle, and from these deduce other six, shewing that thc motions of translation and rotation are independent. Be careful in each case to explain precisely to what points and to what uses thc coordinates appearing in the equations refer.
16. A cylinder floating with its axis vertical in a large vessel of liquid is slightly depressed below the position of equilibrium, find thc time of a small oscillation ; assuming the motion to be so small that the pressure of the fluid in motion does not differ sensibly from thc pressure of the fluid at rest.
IT. A cylindrical vessel whose diameter is one foot and depth six inches contains water, and revolves about its axis, which is vertical, with uniform angular velocity. Find the number of revolutions in a second, when the base of the cylinder is a tangent plane to the free surface of' the fluid, and the vessel can hold no more water.
C . EXAMINATION PAPERS,
CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY—PART II.
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
O. T., 1860.
1. Shew that " the Declaration of Rights was indis-solubly connected with the revolution-settlement as its motive and its condition."
2. (a.) To what extent did thc Bill of Rights differ from the Declaration of Rights ?
(6.) Did the bill of Rights introduce any, and if any, what new principles into our Constitutional Law ?
3. (a.) AA'hat were the circumstances which led to the passing of the Septennial Act ?
(6.) AA'hat had been the previous state of the law on the subject?
(t-.) Arc there any grounds for describing this Act, as some writers have done, as " a direct usurpation of thc rights of the people" ?
4. {a.) State the charges upon which Lord Somers was impeached ?
(6.) AA'crc these charges, or any- of them, well founded ?
(c.) AA'hat was the result of the impeachment ?
5. («.) AVhen and by whom was the first Sinking Fund established ?
(6.) By whom and from what motives was this Fund abandoned ?
{/;.) Give some account of Mr. Pitt's Sinking Fund.
THIRD ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Cl
6. {a.) AA'hat are the two conditions of Freedom of the Press ?
(6.) AVhat was the object of Mr. Fox's Libel Act:
(c.) AA'hat was the object of Lord Campbell's Libel Act ?
7. How does Mr. Hallam describe the distinctive characters of AA'higs and Tories ?
8. AA'hat was the chief subject of difference among statesmen in thc reign of George the Second?
9. Lord Chatham, when a young man, was dismissed from thc army for his opposition in Parliament to the Government.
{a.) On what occasion was this opposition most remarkable ?
(6.) AA'hat precedents for such a dismission then existed ?
(c.) AA'hat is the latest instance recorded of the kind ?
10. {a.) AA'hat were the causes of thc early unpopularity of George the Third ?
(6.) AA'hat were the causes of his popularity in his later years ?
11. (a.) AA'hat were the circumstances that led to thc Union with Ireland ?
(6.) AVhat wore the consequences of this measure to the Ministry of the day ? !
Ull EXAMINATION PAPERS,
12. A recent writer, in reference to the resignation of Mr. Huskisson and his friends, remarks that that event " was not only important in its necessary and contemplated result, but also in an accidental aud unforeseen effect, which illustrated the saying of Aristotle, that revolutions though they are made for great objects often spring out of trifling circumstances."
{a.) AA'hat was the occasion of Mr. Huskisson's resignation ?
(6.) What was its necessary and contemplated result ?
(c.) What was its " accidental and unforeseen effect"?
{d.) How did this effect illustrate the above saying of Aristotle ?
(e.) Quote and explain Aristotle's words.
F. T., 1861.
1. State thc principal acts of misgovernment attributed in the Declaration of Rights to James the Second.
2. AVhat were the principal causes of difference between William III. and Parliament ?
3. {a.) AVhat was the case of Ashby v. AATiite ?
(6.) Give some account of the disputes between the two Houses of Parliament that arose
^out of this case.
THIRD ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Clli
(c.) What important principle as to the extent of Parliamentary Privilege was stated by the House of Lords in the course of this dispute ?
{d.) How was the controversy terminated ?
4. {a.) AA'hat is the date of the Act by which a member of the House of Commons, on accepting office under the Crown, vacates his seat ?
(J.) AVhat were the circumstances of its enactment?
(e.) In what cases is such a member re-eligible?
' (</.) How has this Act facilitated the voluntary resignation of their seats by members ?
5. AVhat were the circumstances that led to the passing of the Riot Act ? AVhat are the principal provisions of that Act ?
6. («.) AVhat were the circumstances that led to the banishment of Bishop Atterbury ?
(6.) AVhat is the historical interest of his case ?
(c.) What motive seems to have influenced the Government in adopting such proceedings against him ?
7. From what time has the position of Premier been considered to attach to the office of First Lord of thc Treasury ?
8. State the circumstances that led to the coalition of the elder Pitt and the Duke of Newcastle.
CIV EXAMINATION PAPERS,
9. AA'hat was meant by the designation "King's friends" in the reign of George III . ?
10. {a.) AVho were the leading members of the Ministry popularly known as " all tho
• Talents?"
(6.) State the circumstances in which this Ministry accepted and quitted office respectively.
I'l. What was the proximate cause of the passing of the Reform Act ?
12. State briefly thc principal changes in England and AVales effected by this Act—
(«.) as to the number of members ;
(6.) as to the distribution of the electoral districts; *
(e.) as to thc extent of the franchise.
POLITICAL ECONOMY.
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
0. T., 1860.
1. There cannot be for the same article, of the same quality, two prices in the same market.
a. AA'hat is the proof of this maxim ?
6. To what extent and with what qualification is it true ?
c. AA'hat are thc influences that interfere with its operation in retail dealings ?
d. In such transactions is thc general principle wholly inoperative ?
THIRD ORDINARY EXAMINATION. CV
2. The same article of the same quality is sometimes produced by different persons at different degrees of cost. In such circumstances
a. AVhat is its market price ?
b. How is the difference of the cost adjusted ?
c. By what name or names is this difference known ? '
3. a. How does Adam Smith illustrate the ambiguity of the term value ?
b. How do you account for the existence of this ambiguity ?
c. Into what further ambiguity docs Smith himself in his explanation fall ?
4. a. AVhat, according to Mr. Mill, are the ideas implied by the term wealth ?
6. In what sense does Adam Smith seem to have used thc term ?
c. AVhat is Mr. Senior's definition, and how does he reply to the objections to that definition ?
5. Mr. Senior asserts as a fundamental proposition that every man desires to obtain additional wealth with as little sacrifice as possible.
a. This statement appears to involve two separate propositions.
b. On what evidence do they rest ?
c. AVhat doctrines have been held by some economists inconsistent with each of these propositions ?
£ 3
CV1 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
6. Mention some of the principal instances noticed by Adam Smith of unwise legislative interference iu economic questions.
7. AVhere in any country the importation of any commodity is prohibited, and the commodity is consequently produced at home, is this new form of domestic industry7 a clear gain to the country ? If it bc, how is the existence of the gain proved ? If it bc not, how is it disproved ?
8. What arc the economic conditions favorable to the large rather than to the small system of pro-
" duction ?
9. In what circumstances arc the advantages of production on a large system most conspicuous?
10. State and illustrate the various kinds of co-operation and their respective advantages.
11. How does the division of employment tend to
economise—
a. Labor ?
6. Capital ?
12. AVhat circumstances docs Adam Smith notice as affecting the power of exchange ? State any other circumstances that have a similar effect.
, F. T„ 1861.
1. a. AVhat according to Adam Smith is the principle of human nature from which both public and private opulence is originally derived ?
THIRD ORDINARY EXAMINATION. Cvil
6. How does he illustrate its reparative influence ? c. Docs the principle admit of any further analy
sis, and if any, what ?
2 a. AA'hat according to Smith is " the fund which supplies every nation" with tho objects of its annual consumption ?
b. Of what does these objects consist ? c. Shew thc inaccuracy, if any, in the above
expression.
3. State the various checks to the increase of population.
4. AVhat is Mr. Senior's classification of iirticles of wealth according to the degree of their utility ?
5. Shew the influence upon the increase of population of a deficiency in each of these classes.
6. To what principles of human nature does Mr. Senior refer thc influence upon value of limitation of supply ?
7. In what circumstances will any two things on the. average exchange for one another ?
8. In what circumstances will one of two things command on the average a greater value than the other ?
9. By what process are profits in different occupation-: actually equalized ?
10. AVhat are the principal natural advantages which one country possesses over another ? AVhich of these seems to be practically the most important?
EXAMINATION PAPERS,
11. AVhat in relation to thc productiveness of industry is meant by security ? AVhat is the most fatal form of insecurity, and why ?
12. State the conditions on which the increase of capital depends.
FIRST HONOR EXAMINATION.
GREEK.
/ESCHYLUS, Persse. HERODOTUS, Polymnia.
JELF, Greek Grammar.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
1 . OeoOev rpip xard p o t p ' iKpdrqaev TO iraXaidv, eirdaKyfye Be Wdpaan iroXepov9 Trvpr/ocaiKrovs Bidireiv, imr io -X a p p a i r e KXOVOVS, irdXeiov r dvaardae i i . epaOov S' evpvirdpoio OaXdcrayi rroXiawopdvrps i r v e v p a n Xa/ipu) i a o p a v i rdvnov dXaos, iriavvoi XeirroBdp,ow i re iapaa i , Xaoirdpois re pyxavu tv .
Translate this. Write out the strophe in lines, scan and name each.
2. Translate— ySoo's T' d(p' drfvljs . . . .
irapxpdpov lyai'as reKva.
3. Give the various emendations and translations of ( 1 ) r i rdBe Svvdra irepl r a ait, BiBvpM oiaryotev d p a p n a irda-a fya aa raBe. (2 ) rrpb? TOUT' eKeivov auifppoveiv Kexpypdvoi irivvOKere.
FIRST HONOR EXAMINATION. C1X
4. Criticise thc following Canons—
(o.) The final i of the dative is never elided.
(6.) et is never used with the conjunctive.
(c.) The third and the fourth feet of an Iambic Senarius may not be comprised in a single word.
5. AVrite brief critical notes on the form, the derivation, or the meaning of the following words—rovirep, KpeoKOireiv, aprfvpos, gairXyOijt, 'Ax*XwtBes, irep-iraaryv, eraqbev.
6. Translate—
'O Be By vavriKos arparbs . . . yv Be rov %ei/iwvos xp^P-a dcpdptjrov.
7. Draw a map of Asia Minor and Greece, marking the places visited by Xerxes and his army between Sardis and Thermopylse.
8. AVhat remarkable instance of Divine Nemesis does Herodotus give in this book 1
9. Explam the following—
peXeBwvdi dOavdrw avBpi eirirpetyas
Spxiov erapov
i(pvXdaaero virb ruiv et'pijrai
oi ''EKK/qvuiv eKaaroi qbyai rpiwv dfiot eivat.
10. Derive carefully, and give the meanings of these words—irpoperwirlBia, avXwv, rpoxodByi, irpofio-Xatov, eppa, ufio?, peovpevos.
CX E X A M I N A T I O N P A P E R S ,
11. Enumerate thc various forms of comparison used in Greek. AVhat arc thc parallel forms in Latin aud in Sanscrit ?
12. Construct a tabic of Ionic, Doric, and Epic variations of vowels from Attic, with an example of each.
13. Give the various accentuations and corresponding differences in meaning of prjrpoKTovos, dpa, elBos, TTCt&i), U!V, dXXa.
14. Name the Greek terminations for numeral adverbs, numeral adjectives, both multiple and proportional, and numeral substantives.
15. Mention, with examples, the various ways in which a root is strengthened to form a present.
16. Under what heads does Jclf speak of tho dative case 1 Give an example of each.
17. What is meant by Ellipse, and what are its principal varieties ? AVhat arc Hyperbaton and Anaco-luthon ?
18. Translate into Attic Greek, and, if you can, accentuate—
You must know there arc two ways of fighting : the one by right of the laws, the other merely by force. That first way is proper to men, the other is also common to beasts; but because the first many times suffices not there is a necessity to make recourse to the second : wherefore it behoves a prince to know how to make good use of that part which belongs to a beast as well as that which is proper to a man.
FIRST HONOR EXAMINATION. CXI
LATIN.
(PROFESSOR IRVING.)
V I R G I L , Bucolics, and iEneid, Book IX. L I V Y , Books I., II., I I I .
1. Translate—
Sternitur omne solum telis ; . . . . sublimi vertice nutant.
2. Give the Latin for the following—trefoil, laurel, willow, a swarm, hazel, ivy, wild vine, parsley.
3. AVrite notes oh thc derivation and the formation of the following, and, if you can, trace thc roots in other words—tenuis, stella, sajtosus, exuvia?, acies, rursus, macte, fragmen, crater, acies.
4. What is the meaning of—facere vitula, quam lus-trabimus agros, Syracosius versus, sparge ma-rite nuces, numeros memini si verba tenerem.
5. Explain what is meant by—Hendiadys, Metaphor, Metonymy, Hypallage, and give an instance of each from Virgil.
C. AATiere are the places from which the following epithets are taken ? To what persons, and wrhy, are they applied by A'irgil ?—Berecyntia, Thra-cius, Libcthrides, Delia, Ascreeus.
7. Translate —
Coriolanus, prope ut amens, . . . . comploratio sui patriaque fregere tandem virum.
CX11 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
8. Draw a map of thc country round about Rome to illustrate the history comprised in these books.
9. Describe fully the constitution of Servius Tullius.
10. Translate and give an explanation of the fol
lowing—
1. transversam invadunt aciem,
2. lanus index pads bellique,
3. patrio jure in filium animadvertere,
4. latera sua nudari senserunt,
5. si vobis videtur disceditc, 6. decern finierunt, tot vadibus accusator
vadatus est reum. Hie primus vades publicos dedit.
11. AVhat were the Leges Valeria;, thc Lex Icilia, the Lex Publilia, the Lex Atcrnia Tarpcia ?
12. Derive and explain the words—familia, illibatus, quadruplator, concionalis, possessio, tripudium.
13. Mention thc principal changes of vowel sound resulting from derivation inflection or composition: and illustrate your answer by-examples.
14. Mark the quantity of the final syllable in comu, mone, ades, vehs, miles, illic, hcroas, bos, stetit, domus.
15. Write down the cardinals, the ordinals, the distributives and the numeral adverbs for every number up to 10.
F I R S T H O N O R E X A M I N A T I O N . CX111
16. Explain with examples thc meanings of the terminations — or = tio — ile = culum. State also to what kinds of words they are appended, aud when " crum" is substituted for thc last named.
17. Transtate into Latin— It is not likely that Csosar entertained any
serious thoughts of restoring thc republic, but it is very likely that he consulted his friends about it, and desired them to give him their opinions without reserve, which are set forth in great detail, and well examined by Dion. But if Caesar had entertained dispositions really favorable to this object, his own experience and reflections must have taught him that tho materials out of which alone a free state can be constructed and maintained were wanting.
ENGLISH AND LOGIC—PART I.
(PROFESSOR IRVING. )
• 1. Account for the frequent occurreuoe in English of words ending in e mute, and the still more frequent occurrence of words in thc time of Chaucer with thc final e pronounced.
2. Explain the etymology of these local names, referring the parts to thc language whence they are derived—
Casterton, Kyncton, Albury, Gisbornc, Duu-kcld, Kilmore, Sandhurst, Heidelberg, Templestowc, Beechworth. Inverlcigh, Branxholm.
J.XIV EXAMINATION PAPERS,
3. Explain clearly the construction in thc following—
(1.) This is better thau that,
(2.) I am to blame.
(3.) I gave him to understand.
(4.) All perished save one.
4. Trace the original signification of book, dunce, sister, drake, lord, aldennan,mayor,cxamination, crisis.
5. Enumerate aud classify the terminations used in English to form diminutives.
6. Give the declension of thc Anglo-Saxon pronoun thajt, and point out those parts of it which are now preserved in English.
7. AVhat is the precise relation between two clauses signified by these conjunctions—if, because, therefore, although, while ? Trace the etymology of each.
8. From what causes was the inflectional system of the Anglo-Saxon language broken up? and when did this event take place ?
9. Distinguish clearly and accurately between Consciousness, Sensation, Perception, Conception, as mental states.—Does any one of them exactly correspond with AA'hately's Simple Apprehcn-
10. "Nihil in intellcetu quod non prius in sensu." AVhose dictum was this ? Criticise it as an account of thc origin of our knowledge.
FIRST HONOR EXAMINATION. CXV
11. Define thc following, and give a Proximate Genus of each—Proposition, Definition, Catcgorematic word, Logic.—Are all words capable of Definition ? Prove your answer.
12. AVhat is Mill's classification of propositions according to their import ? Give one example of each class.
13. " I n some cases a circumstance at first casually incorporated into thc connotation of a word which originally had no reference to it, in time wholly supersedes the original meaning, aud becomes not merely a part of the connotation but the whole of it." AVhat instances of these pha;nomena are adduced by Mill ? Supply some others.
14. Put each of the following propositions into strict Logical form; refer each to its proper class, and convert it—
( 1 . ) xaXemi TO KaXd.
(2.) Only seven men made nine points.
(3.) Qui cupiet, metuet quoque.
(4.) It is no sure test of truth that we agree with the multitude.
(5.) If you fail now, you may pass in February.
15. Classify thc parts of speech from a Logical point of view.
JXVl EXAMINATION PAVERS,
GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
1. If two straight Hues bo perpendicular to thc same planet, they shall bc parallel to one another.
2. B is a fixed point in the circumference of a circle whose center is C; P A is a tangent at any point P meeting CB produced in A and P D is drawn perpendicular to CB. Prove that the line bisecting the angle APDalways passes through B.
3. If 0 is the center of thc circle inscribed in thc triangle ABCand AO is produced to meet thc circumscribed circle in F , prove that FB, F O and F C are all equal.
4. Express cos 3A in terms of cos A.
5. Find a general expression for all values of x which
satisfy the equation tan x = J 3 .
6. Shew that the ratio sin 0 : 0 is in the limit when 0 vanishes a ratio of equality.
7. Find an expression for thc area of a polygon of n sides inscribed in a circle whose radius is a, and deduce an expression for the aiea of the circle.
8. Investigate a formula for expressing thc « th power of sin 0 in a series of first powers of sines or cosines of multiples of 0.
9. Investigate a series for expressing log„( l+a ; ) in ascending powers of x.
10. Apply the scries in question 9 to express logio(»+1) —log i0(n), and hence shew how many digits of a number may bc correctly determined from logarithms to seven places of decimals.
F I R S T H O N O R E X A M I N A T I O N . CXV11
ALGEBRA.
PROFESSOR W I L S O N . i
1. AA'hen n + 1 digits of the square root of a number have been found by thc ordinary method, it more may bc found by division only, prove this.
2. Find the condition that thc roots of thc equation ax- + bx -f- c = 0
may be both impossible.
3. Shew that if the equation am. a" = o" + " is to hold
good when m and n are fractions, a* must represent the cube root of a-.
4. Investigate an expression for the number of permutations of n things taken r together.
5. Shew that equidistant terms of any Arithmetical progression themselves form an Arithmetical progression.
6. AVrite down the first four terms and the general term of the expansions of
(l + z)"' , ( 1 - * ) * , { a x - x 2 ) - '
7. Shew that, generally, such a value can be assigned to x that any term of the series A + Bx + Cx2 + &c, shall be greater than thc sum of all that follow it. AA'hat limitation is there to this statement ? Is it true of thc series 1 + 1 . 2x + 1 . 2 . Sx2 + 1 . 2 . 3 . 4x* + &c. ?
8. Investigate an expansion of a1 in a series of powers of x.
CVUI EXAMINATION PAPERS,
9. If on an average. 9 ships out of 10 return safe to port, what is the chance that out of 5 ships expected at least 3 will arrive ?
10. Resolve x*- - 3x -t- 4
{ x + 2 ) { x ~ 3 ) x + o ) into simple fractions.
CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY AND BOTANY.
(PROFESSOR M'COY.)
1. State the mode of producing sohd carbonic acid and its properties.
2. Give the crystalline and other physical characters of graphite, its chemical constitution, geological distribution, and point out thc characters which prove an affinity with diamond, as well as those in which those minerals differ.
3. Write down the names of thc metalloids in the order of their electro-chemical power or mutual replacing power.
1. State the processes in use for the manufacture of Bromine and Iodine respectively from thc same natural sources in which they arc mingled.
5. Alum may bc made to crystallize—1st; in octahedrons. 2nd : in rhombic dodecahedrons. 3rd : in trapezohedrons. 4th : in octahedrons, each replaced by a face of the cube. 5th : in icosa-hedrons. 0th: in cubes.—How may the salt bc compelled to crystallize in these fonns respectively ?
FIRST HONOR EXAMINATION. CX1X
6. Give the relative lengths and angular positions of the crystallographic axes in the 13 common fundamental forms, grouping the forms in their proper systems.
7. State the appearances presented by transparent slices of crystals belonging to each of the sys-
. terns of crystallization when viewed by polarised light.
8. If bevelling planes be formed on the edges of a cube from the end of one semi-axis, parallel to another, and cutting"the third at a distance («) greater than 1, what crystal is produced, how many faces has it, and what is the ratio of its parameters ?
9. AA'hat is the common test for seleuium, in what minerals is it found, and what are its physical characters in different states of aggregation ?
ANCIENT HISTORY.
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
1. (a.) From what period may the history of the Romans under the Empire be taken to commence ?
(6.) From what period may the establishment of the Empire of the Caesars be regarded as complete?
(c.) State the reasons for the assumption of each of these dates.
CXX EXAMINATION PAPERS,
2. («.) AA'hat were thc motives for union of each of the first Trumvirs ?
(6.) How did the first Triumvirate differ from the Second; and what was thc exact meaning of the term ?
(c.) AVhat were thc circumstances that gave rise to thc Second Triumvirate ?
3. {a.) What was thc ostensible ground for Ca;sar's invasion of Italy ?
(6.) AA'hat were the circumstances that rendered necessary for his purposes such an act?
(c.) On what occasion did Csesar subsequently shew his disregard for thc rights of the Tribunate ?
4. AA'hat seems to have been the policy of Pompcius in the evacuation of Italy ?
5. («.} Trace thc various meanings of thc term Cresar.
(6.) In what modem titles docs it still survive ?
(c.) Who was the last Emperor of the Julian line :
G. (o.) AVhat were the various stages of official remuneration among the Romans ?
(6.) AA'hat trace of this progress is preserved in our language ?
(c.) How do you account for the general reluctance to hold any provincial office in the later days of the Empire ?
FIRST HONOR EXAMINATION. CXX1
7. Shew the contrast between, Roman ideas aud the
ideas of modem Europe as regards—
{a.) the extent of the State,
(6.) the relative positions of its inhabitants,
(c.) its connection with Religion.
8. AA'hat was the leading peculiarity of the Roman Empire as compared with other nations of civilized antiquity ?
9. Trace thc steps by which the Election of Magistrates passed from the Comitia to thc Emperor.
10. Explain fully the meaning of the expressions Cives optimi Juris, and Cives non optimi juris.
11. Explain fully the meaning of and the distinction between the Jus Latinum and the Jus Italicum.
12. AA'hat is the meaning of Deminutio Capitis, and what were its various degrees ?
13. {a.) AA'hat, according to M. Guizot, arc thc two conditions of Civilization ?
(6.) AVhat is his argument to prove that the presence of both these conditions is-essential ?
14. (o.) AVhat were the various relations of the Church with the Feudal Kings ?
(J.) To what disputes did this complexity of relations give rise ?
15. Trace the influence of the Feudal System upon thc distribution of Population,
CXXll EXAMINATION PAPERS,
SECOND HONOR EXAMINATION.
[ I N GREEK ; LATIN ; E N G L I S H AND LOGIC PART I . ; ALGEBRA ; GEOMETRY ; CHEMISTRY, M I N E RALOGY AND BOTANY ; ANCIENT HISTORY ; thc Papers were the same as in the First Honor Examination."]
ENGLISH AND LOGIC—PART II.
(PROFESSOR IRVING. )
1. Describe the state of the English Language in Chaucer's time, with illustrations from the Knightes Tale.
2. Refer the following words to their proper origin,'. and trace thc steps by which they have attained their present form and signification—dress, sovereign, admiral, amerce, wicked, surgeon, caitiff, such, not, adder, revenge, deluge.
3. Explain and illustrate thc following expressions— (1 ) Darkness visible.— (2.) Flown with insolence and wine. (3.) As fire drives out fire, so pity, pity. (4.) Now is it Rome, indeed, and room enough. (5.) Thc feld hath cyenand the wood hath cars.
4. AA'hat is Antithesis? what, its Rhetorical Value? Quote instances of this figure from your books.
5. Give instances of Metaphor and Simile from Milton, or Shakcspere. AA'hich should bc employed ? Give also, if you can, instances of thc combination of the two figures.
SECOND HONOR EXAMINATION. CXX1I1
6. To what species of poetry does the Paradise Lost belong? Discuss briefly the main characteristics of that species.
7. Explain fully and clearly the question about • " Universals."
8. AVhat are the three theories that may bc advanced about the nature of a Proposition? Discuss them.
9. Does the formation of a scheme of Categories fall within thc province of Logic ? State and briefly criticise the schemes of Aristotle, and of MiU.
i10. Give a brief outline of " the natural history of the variations in the meaning of terms."
11. AA'hat arc the opposing views as to—
(1.) The form.
(2.) The nature of the process called Induction ?
12, AVhat arc syllogisms of probability ? AA'hat is the value of the conclusion in such syllogisms? Give instances of their employment.
CXX1V EXAMINATION PAPERS,
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Sc ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
1. If F {x) = f \ (p {x) : prove from your
definition of a differential Co-efficient that
F ' { x ) = • / ' ' [*(*)] *'(«)•
2. Prove that in general
f { x + h) = f { x ) + f '{x) h +
f \ x ) i + . r ^ + ok)i 1.2.3
State also carefully the limitations with which this is true.
3. Find -^ and - i from thc equation dx dx2
x* + ax2y — ay3 = 0 '
dy also find thc value of -p when x = 0 and y = 0.
dx
! 1 + ( A. \ \ i A V t 4.1. • L \ - d x ' J
4. Transform the expression . _ t 0 u n
d-y l x 2
equivalent expression in terms of r and 0 having it given that x ~ r cos 0 and y = r sin 0.
SECOND HONOR EXAMINATION. CXXV
3. A person starts from a point whose perpendicular distance from a road is a miles and walks at the rate of 6 miles an hour, wishing to bc in time for a coach which travels along the road at c miles an hour. In what direction should he walk in order that his time of starting may bc as late as possible ?
6. Investigate the condition that must hold among thc co-efficients in the general equation of the second degree, in order that it may represent a parabola.
7. Find the direction of the diameter of an ellipse which bisects all chords parallel to y — mx, and shew that y = mx bisects all chords parallel to that diameter.
8. Find the radius of curvature of an ellipse at the extremity of the major axis, and also at the extremity of the minor axis.
9. Shew that the normal to a curve at any point is a tangent to the evolute at the centre of curvature of the curve at that point.
b
10. Shew that f{b) - f{a) = f '{x) dx explaining J a
the meaning of any notation used. Illustrate thc result in the case where
ft, . a2x2 , Px J {x) — — + abx + —
b a
JXXV1 EXAMINATION PAPERS,
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
(PROFESSOR WILSON.)
1. State and prove the proposition called "The Parallelogram of forces."
2. A bullet is formed of a cylinder terminated by a cone, and has at the opposite end an equal conical cavity. Find the position of the centre of gravity.
3. Two equal heavy rods AB BC rest with their T< upper extremities A in contact, and their lower
extremities B and C on a smooth horizontal plane, connected by a string. Calculate the tension of the string.
4. A body moves in a curve under the action of a force whose direction is always at right angles to the tangent to the curve. Calculate the magnitude of the force that the curve may be a circle whose radius is a.
5. The length of a seconds' pendulum is 39-1 inches on the surface of thc earth, calculate the length of a seconds' pendulum on the surface of Jupiter whose diameter is 92,000 miles and mass is 339 times that of the earth.
6. A piece of ice floats in a vessel of water. AA'ill the level of the water rise or fall as the ice melts ? Explain the reasons for your answer. AVhat would be thc case if the ice were floating in spirit whose specific gravity is less than that of water ?
7. AA'ater is contained in a closed vessel, the remainder of thc vessel being full of air: temperature of air and water 30° F., pressure of air 30 inches.
«f
SECOND HONOR EXAMINATION. CXXV11
The temperature is then raised to 212° F, by the application of heat below the vessel. Describe carefully all that takes place. AVhat will be the pressure inside the vessel after the temperature 212° F . is attained? Supposing a cock in the upper part of the vessel to bc opened and allowed to remain open some time and ther/ closed, what will be thc pressure inside the vessel, the temperature remaining constant at 212° F. ? Explain what takes place during thc time the cock is open.
8. AA'ater issues horizontally from an orifice in a large vessel of water ten feet below the surface of the water, calculate thc distance at which it will strike a horizontal plane three feet below the orifice.
9. Describe and explain Watt's parallel motion.
10. AVhen a locomotive engine is working rapidly putt's of white cloud, apparently proceeding from the funnel, first become visible at a short distance from it, and afterwards vanish. Explain this. AA'hat effect has the dryness or moisture of the air on this phenomenon ?
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND ZOOLOGY.
(PROFESSOR M'COY.)
1. In what respects does thc respiratory system of Birds differ from that of Mammals ?
2. Trace the course of the blood in the two sides of a bird's or a man's heart.
. 3. How do the crocodilia differ from the salaman-dridaj ?
CXXVllI EXAMINATION PAPERS,
4. Describe all the structures connected with thc poison glands and fang of venomous snakes, and distinguish between the Viperidw, the Coluhrida, and the Boida, as families of snakes very venomous, less so and harmless, both by the characteristics of the scales and teeth.
5. Explain the mode of action of the first and second stomachs of a Ruminating animal in sending solid food back to the mouth to be masticated before it is passed to the other stomachs, and why when masticated it does not again enter the first stomach from the OZsophagus.
G. Give thc chief characters of all the orders of quadrupeds belonging to the group Ungulata.
7. Sketch the relative positions of thc plcurapophyscs, diapophyscs, neural spine, eentram, ha?mapo-physes, parapophyses, neurapophyses, hremal spine, zygapophyses, and neural and haimal canals in a typical vertebra.
8. AA'rite down the characters by which thc principal family groups of Placoid Fishes arc distinguished.
PALAEONTOLOGY AND GEOLOGY.
(PROFESSOR M'COY.)
1. In what characters do the A'olutes of the Eocene Tertiary formations differ from those of tho Miocene ?
SECOND HONOR EXAMINATION. CXXIX
2. To what formations would you refer rocks containing Trinunclus and Ampyx, aud how do you distinguish the one from the other ?
3. Explain clearly the fundamental rule by which different mountain chains are shewn to have been elevated synchronously or otherwise.
4. Give tho characters of some crinoids marking the Bradford Clay, Lias, Muschelkalk, and Devonian rocks respectively.
5. In faulted strata illustrate by a sketch what is meant by "Hade and Throw," "upcast," " downcast," " dipside," and " underlay."
G. AA'hat genera of Trilobites characterise thc mountain limestone, and how do you distinguish them from those of other formations ?
7. What arc more striking Vertebrate types found in the Pliocene Tertiary deposits of England, North America, South America, New South AA'ales, and New Zealand respectively, aud what general views applicable to all cases occur to you ?
CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY.—PART I.,
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
1. a. AA'hat are thc essential characteristics of a true Fief?
6. Mention some other forms of society that resemble Feudalism, aud shew how they severally are distinguished from it.
F 3
CXXX EXAMINATION PAPERS.
2. Describe the ceremonies used in conferring a fief.
3. a If the Vassal failed in his obligations, what remedy had the Lord ?
6. If the Lord failed in his obligations, what remedy had the Vassal ?
c. In the latter case what new remedy was provided as against the King by Magna Charta ?
4. AVhat was the nature of thc jurisdiction exercised by thc Anglo-Saxon Kings ?
5. a. AVhat are the principal Acts of AVilliam the Conqueror which seem to have been of a legislative character ?
6. AA'hat is the earliest Anglo-Norman Law extant in a regular form ?
G. State the most important changes, legal and political, that were introduced in thc reign of Henry II .
7. a. AA'hat separation in early times seems to have existed between the component parts of Parliament ?
6. At what period does Parliament appear in its present form ?
c. How do you account for the union of the Knights with the Burgesses ?
8. AVhat vestiges of this primitive division of Parliament may be traced in subsequent times, as regards
a. the enacting of laws ?
b. the granting of supplies ?
SECOND HONOR EXAMINATION. CXXX1
9. . With what object was the Revolution of 1399 quoted in 1688?
6. AVhy did not the Convention of 1399 vote it self to be a Parliament ?
c. What expedient was adopted to effect the conversion ?
10. Mr. Hallam observes that "purveyance may serve to distinguish the defects from thc abuses of our Constitution." How ?
11. a. AVhat, according to Mr. Hallam, is the cardinal principle of Toryism ?
b. On what occasion was the name Tory applied to a political party ?
c. How on that occasion was that principle illustrated ?
12. Shew the importance of thc reign of Charles I I . both in our domestic and in our foreign policy.
13. a. AA'hat was the origin of thc British regular army?
6. How do you account for thc antipathy of the House of Commons under James II . to a standing army ?
1-1. How' do you account for the popularity among high spirited English Cavaliers of the slavish doctrine of passive obedience ?
15. a. Into what periods may the reign of James II . be divided ?
b-. State briefly the leading events of each period.
CXXXll EXAMINATION PAPERS,
THIRD HONOR EXAMINATION.
SCHOOL OF LANGUAGE AND LOGIC.
(PROFESSOR IRVING. )
Translate—
A . Ac'fai Ce Tnjpovij? diraXXayw.
yEschylus, Prometheus Yinctus, 445—471.
B . epBovaiv y pdXXovat . . . . , . * fyr7 rdBe Kal iroXirais.
Sophocles, CEdipus Coloneus, 1075—1095.
C nupOdvot bpfipocpdpoi . . . .
j iapvj ipopos uvXuiv.
Aristophanes, Clouds, 299—313.
> D . 'H B' UI'TJ) avrij i3aaiXeia Xd"p-rat r-jevdaOat.
Herodotus, Clio, c. 187.
E . 0 1 ce IleXoirovvijawi, (Vei^i) avrotv
eXKopdvas yBi).
Thucydides II . c. 90.
Translate
A. Dardauidte magni sibi ferre dieatis.
Virgil ^Encid v., 45—60.
B. Si dicentis crunt , . . . aut operis lex.
Horace Ars Poctica 112—135.
THIRD H O N O R E X A M I N A T I O N
C. Experiere hodie sapiat quid vulva popinss.
Juvenal, xi. 56—81.
D. Transeuntem Apenninum septem absumti
Livy, xxi. 58.
E. Et alloqucnte adhuc Agricola . . . . . pugnam non tolerabant.
Tacitus Agricola, 35—36.
1. Translate, explain (discussing various readings, if any), and refer to their proper context the following—
(1.) diravr iirpdx^l irXyv 0eoiai Koipaveiv eXevOepos <ya/j oyTis earl irXt)v A'o'?.
(2.) Kal pyv aval; SB' yplv Al"{duit ^/o'vot Qyaevs Kar opqyijv. ayv i(p' dardXy irdpa.
(3.) Kara T/y« rpairdgys Kurairdaa? Xeirrijv rdsppav Kaphas o/ieXiaxov eira Sta/i/jri/v Xupwv eK rtjs TraXaiarpas Oolpdnov xKpeiXero.
(4.) ovroi wv irav iarl avOpwrrot avp(popij' ipol Be Kai av nXovreeiv perja qbatveai Kal fiaaiXevv eivai iroXXav dvOpwiruiV tKetvo Be TO el'ped pe, OVKU) ae i^di Xdrpv, irplv av reXevripyavra KaXwi rov alwva' irvduipui.
(5.) qiiXoKaXovpev rpjp per' tineXeias Kal qiiXoao-qbovpev uvev paXaKi'at irXovriv re epyov paXXov xatpio ij Xdyov Kopirw xpaipeOu, Kai ro wdveaBai oi>x bpoXo^eiv nvi alaxpov dXXd pi] Biuxpeiif/eiv t'pr/u> alaxiov.
cxxxiv EXAMINATION PAPERS,
S. Translate, explain clearly, and illustrate thc construction in—
(1.) irdvruiv peraax^v kat reroXpyKuis ipoi,
(2.) py yap ae Opyvo? ov/ios els e'x0pav fidXrj,
(3.) Kal ryap aXoin iqbdvevaa kal wXeaa.'
(4.) iroivv avv epf/u) rovr' diretXyaas e \ t t t j
(5.) iroios Zev* ', oil py Xypyaets' ovB' eart Zeus'
(6.) gvvipOy ryv Biaiiav peO uirXuiv irotovueyoi,
(7.) perd roii gvverov KUI Svvaros ujv.
(8.) dpvvea0ai ra t i vavaiv, yirep taxvopev,
3, Discuss the derivation and the meaning of—
Xexptot, araOevros, ivexvpa^opat, atpparpBowxap^O' Kopyrr/if (ptpovv, inrdxpeuit, iirianos, opoxpoiy.
1. Translate, expldih (discussing various readings, if any,) and refer to their context—
(1.) Divitis hie servi claudit latus ingenuonim Filius : alter enim quantum in legione tribuni Accipiunt,-donat Calvina!.
(2.) Quid vocls pretlum? siccus pclasunculus, etjvas Pelamyduih, nut veteres, Afrorum epimenea,
bulbi, Aut vinum Tiberi devectum, quinque lagenai Si quater egisti;
(3.) Quatuor aut plures auhoa premuntur in boras' Dum fugiunt equitum tunnre, peditumque
caterva?, Mox traditur manibus regum fortuna retortis, Esseda festinant, pilenta, petorrita, naves, Captivum portatur ebur, captiva Corinthus.
T H I R D HONOR EXAMINATION. CXXXV
(4.) Vcniam dedimus prccantibus: eniisimus ex obsidioue: pacem cum victis fecimus : tutehc dcinde nostra? duximus quum Africo bello urgerentur.
(5.) Legiones pro vallo stctere: ingons A'ictoriai dccus, citra Romahoruiu sanguinem. bellanti; et auxilium si pellcrcntur.
2 Explain the following phrases—
(1.) Axem steilis ardentibus aptum.
(2.) Tria virginis ora Dianas.
(3.) Tctigit latus.
(4.") Alius, cui fas Ithacum lugere natuntem.
(5.) Decies centena.
(6.) Recta nomina.
(7.) D uplex pannus,
(8.) Puteal Libonis.
(9.) Attenuate sortes.
3. Derive and explain—
Pinnirapus, flammeolus, elcctrum, exodium, inco-lumis, laverna, pellicere, septentrionalis.
Translate into Latin—•
Romulus was a just king, and gentle to his i people: if any were guilty of crimes, he did
not put them to death, but made them pay a fine of sheep or of oxen. In his wars he was very successful, and enriched his people with the spoils of their enemies. At last, after he had reigned nearly forty years, it
EXAMINATION PAPERS.
chanced that one day he called his people together in the field of Mars, near tho Goats' Pool: when, all on a sudden, there arose a dreadful storm, all was as dark as night; and the rain, and thunder and lightning, were so terrible, that all thc people fled from thc field, and ran to their several homes. At last the storm was over, and they came back to the field of Mars, but Romulus was nowhere to be found; for Mars, his father, had carried him up to heaven in his chariot. The people knew not at first what was become of him ; but when it was night, as one Proeulus Julius was coming from Alba to thc city, Romulus appeared to him in more than mortal beauty, and grown to more than mortal stature, and said to him, " Go, and tell my people that they weep not for me anymore ; but bid them to be brave and warlike, and so shall they make my city the greatest in the earth." Then the people knew that Romulus was become a god; so they built a temple to him, and offered sacrifice to him, and worshipped him evermore by the name of the god Quirinus.
Translate into Greek—
Thus called, as they thought, by the manifest interposition of Heaven to finish the work, the very old men and boys of Syracuse could bear to look on idly from their walls no longer, but getting into the large punts or barges which were ordinarily used for ferrying men and cattle across the harbour, they
THIRD HONOR EXAMINATION. CXXXVll
put out to sea, to save and capture such of the enemy's ships as the fire had not yet destroyed. But the walls were crowded with fresh spectators; for as the report of the victory became more and mored ecided, the women, children, and slaves, all poured out from their houses and hastened to enjoy with their own eyes the sight of this wonderful deliverance. When the day was over, the Carthaginian naval force was almost utterly destroyed, while Dionysius encamped on tho ground, which he had won near the temple of Olympian Jupiter, having the remnant of the besieging army shut in between his position on one side, aud the walls of Syracuse on thc other.
1. Mention thc principal Greek dialects, state their main points of difference from thc old Attic. In what part of Greece or its colonies was each spoken? aud by what distinguished authors employed ?
2. AA'rite a brief account of the employment in Greek of thc particle dv.
3. Give some account of the etymology and thc Cogna te s of Bi0vpapjio9, dvijp, Xeia.
AA'hat grounds arc there for believing that the Latin language was composite, and what is thc general distinction between the component elements ?
CXXXVlll EXAMINATION PAPERS,
5. Mention with examples, some of the meters employed in Latin as well as in Greek.
6. From what classes of words, and by what terminations are Latin adverbs formed ?
7. Conjunctions are usually said to form a distinct part of speech in English. Examine their claim to their separate rank.
8. Recount briefly the successive changes by which English has been formed out of Anglo-Saxon ; and estimate the importance of each.
9. Proper names and local names are usually significant. Explain this statement and exemplify it from English.
10. There is a law of interchange of consonants subsisting between certain leading members of the Indo-European family of languages. State and exemplify it.
11. AVhat is meant by Onomatopccia ? Shew its operation in radical words, in Greek, Latin and English.
12. AVhat is meant by the science of Comparative Philology. Give a sketch of its rise aud progress.
1. Give some account of the controversy respecting thc authorship of thc Iliad and the Odyssey.
THIRD HONOR EXAMINATION. CXXX1X
2. Give with dates brief biographies of the three great Greek tragedians and compare them.
3. AVhat was the position towards society of the Old Comedy ? and what its influence ?
4. Sketch from his works, the life and the character of Horace.
5. Contrast the style of Livy with that of Tacitus.
6. Grajcia capta forum victorem cepit. Examine this statement as bearing on the history of Roman litertaure.
7. From what sources did Chaucer probably draw his tales ? What position would you assign to him—
a. as regards our language
6. as regards our literature ?
8. What is meant by the Revival of Letters ? In what ways and by whom and at what period was it advanced in England ?
9. Mention the chief English writers between 1702 and 1745.
10. AVho were the great English dramatists that preceded Shakespere ?
11. AA'hat is meant by the Lake School of Poetry? AVho were its principal representatives, and what its chief peculiarities ?
Cxi EXAMINATION PAPERS,
12. From what English authors, of what period, and from which of their works do the following extracts come ?
"There's such divinity doth hedge a king." " How sleep the brave that sink to rest
By all their country's wishes blest." "Aud freedom shrieked when Kosciusko fell."
" The cynosure of neighbouring eyes." " H e r feet beneath her petticoat
Like little mice stole in and out."
. 1. AVhat claim has Logic to the name Scientia Scientiarum ?
2. What are the Axioms on which Logic as a science is based ?
3. What are the three theories of a Proposition ? Explain the advantage of each.
4. AVhat is the nature of Analytical Evidence, and what its value ?
5. " Leaves are green." What is the prcdicable relation existing between the subject and thc predicate in this proposition ?
6. AVhat is the objection urged against the Syllogism ? Meet it.
7. AA'hat various accounts have been given of " the
Sublime " ?
8. Contrast Aristotle's with Bacon's theory of Poetry.
9. Give some account of " Taste."
10. Explain and exemplify these Rhetorical terms, reKpypiov, aqae tov , ivOvpypa.
THIRD HONOR EXAMINATION. Cxli
11. Contrast thc position and the claims of Rhetoric iu aucicnt times.
12. Compare English, Greek and Latin, as vehicles— a. for oratory 6. for history.
SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND PHYSICS.
( P R O F E S S O R WILSON.)
ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY.
1. A circle rolls on the interior of a fixed circle of double its diameter, find the curve traced out by a point on its circumference.
2. A cone whose vertical angle is 60° is cut by a plane perpendicular to one of the generating lines at a distance a from the vertex ; "find thc equation to the section.
3.- Shew that the normal to any curve is a tangent to the evolute at the centre of curvature.
4. Explain what is meant by the envelope of a system of curves, and shew how to find its equation.
5. AA'hen is a straight line said to be perpendicular to a plane ? From your definition find thc
condition that the line ^ 'L— = 1H-' may I m n
be perpendicular to the plane
Ax + By + Cz + D = 0.
cxlii EXAMINATION PAPERS,
G. The ellipsoid '_ + V- + — = 1 is cut by the plane x a2 b2 c-' J 1
- + ; = 1 find the equation to thc curve of a b section in its own plane.
7. Find the equations to thc tangent to the curve M = 0 v = 0.
8. Find the equation to the surface of an anchor ring.
9. Find—1 st. the general equation of conical surfaces. 2nd. the general differential equation of
conical. surfaces.
DIFFERENTIAL AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS.
1. Investigate the conditions which must be satisfied in order that a function of two independent variables may be a maximum or a minimum, and shew how to distinguish between them.
2. Find the first, thc second, and the third derived equation of u - 0 where u is a function of x and y.
3
Ti + (fyy) 2
3. Transfonn p= [_ \ d x / j to an equation where
dx2
r and 0 are the variables, having given that x = r cos 0 and y - r sin 6.
T H I R D HONOR EXAMINATION. Cxliii
4. Transform I dx dy to an equivalent ex
pression where r and 0 are the variables, having given x — r cos 0, and y - r sin 0,
5. Investigate a formula of reduction for finding
a;- V 2ax — x2 dx and find it.
6. Transform the equations ffe = _ px 3 a n d diy = _ py dfi {x2 + y 2 ) 2 dtt {x2 + y2)2
into an equivalent system referred to polar coordinates, the origin being the pole.
7. Investigate the condition that must be satisfied in order that Mdx-\-Ndy may be a perfect differential of a; and y, (two independent variables).
8. Shew how the solution of the linear differential equation with constant co-efficients,
d"y rf°-]y dy -, , , , —S. + a -1 + - - - + e JL + / = <p {x) dx" dx"-1 dx
may be made to depend upon the solution of the equation
d"y d"-*y dy j . -2- + a -L + - - - + c S.+ f = o
dx« dx"~l dx
9. Trace the curve y2 = ^ - ( " ! - a ? ) ( * + 2 " V
cxliv EXAMINATION PAPERS,
APPLIED MATHEMATICS.
1. Find thc greatest length of a portion of a paraboloid of revolution cut off by a plane perpendicular to its axis, which is consistent with its resting on its vertex in stable equilibrium.
2. Find the equation to the common catenary.
3. A body is describing an ellipse round a center of force in the focus: find the effect on thc position of the line of apsides of a small increase to the velocity, when the body is approaching the nearer apse.
4. A bubble of air which at the pressure of 30 inches • would form a hemisphere of ^ inch diameter, is
in the upper part of a barometer tube, whose diameter is half an inch, and whose length is such that there are 2 inches of tube above the mercury when it stands at 30 inches : investigate a formula for correcting the reading of the barometer.
5. Shew that the path of the moon is always concave towards the Sim.
•6. A sphere of wood, diameter 6 inches, specific gravity-729, floats in water: it is slightly depressed ; find the time of a small oscillation.
7. A pencil of rays diverges from a point and falls on a double convex lens, calculate the position of the focus after passing through the lens.
8. Calculate the effect on thc observed time of transit of a star of a small meridian error in the transit instrument.
9. Calculate thc effect of the annual precession on the right ascension of a star.
T H I R D HONOR EXAMINATION. Cxlv
SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCE.
( P R O F E S S O R M'COY.)
CHEMISTRY AND MINERALOGY.
1. Enumerate the metalloids in thc order of their electro-chemical affinities.
2. State the method of finding thc combining volume of gases, and its relation to combining weight aud specific gravity.
3. In pyro-electric minerals which is the antilogous and which is the analogous pole of a prism while cooling?
•1. Enumerate the more common plesimorphous oxides usually accepted as Isomorphs in the mineral kingdom with the formula R and R respectively giving an oxide of iron in each group.
5. If Alum be crystalized from pure water at ordinary and at high temperatures, from dilute nitric acid, from dilute muriatic acid and from boracic acid respectively, what will be thc form of the crystals in each case ?
6. In the regular or monometric system, let a = cube o = octohedron, d = dodecahedron. AA'hat is the angle between normals to adjacent faces of o, of d, of o on a, o on d, of a on d respectively ?
7'. AVrite down the symbols of each of# the faces of a Rhombohedron on the supposition of 3 axes.
fi. AVhat minerals are used as a scale of hardness, and what is the number affixed to each?
cxlvi EXAMINATION PAPERS,
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND ZOOLOGY.
1. Explain clearly the precise action of each of the four stomachs of a ruminating animal, as well as the anatomical structure of each and the relative order in which they act when the food swallowed is solid or nearly fluid.
2. Give the names of the orders of mammalia in which the brain is destitute of corpus callosum, and give the more important zoological and anatomical peculiarities of each.
8. AVrite down the dental characters of the seven orders of Unguiculate animals.
4. Enumerate in proper order thc bones of the anterior and posterior extremities in man or a dog.
5. Give the distinctive peculiarities of the five families of Chelonia.
G. Characterize the four great classes of the sub-kingdom Vertehrata.
7. Describe thc peculiarities of thc brain, blood and skeleton of Fishes.
8. How are thc Chimerida; distinguished from each of the other families of PlacoidS ?
THIRD HONOR EXAMINATION. Cxlvii
PALAEONTOLOGY AND GEOLOGY.
1. Iu what formations are the Crustaceous Genera Ampyx, Hoplopareia, Phillipsia, Harpes, and Calymcne found respectively ? Give the distinguishing characters of each.
2. AA'hat are the fossil and lithological distinctions between the Coralline and thc Red Crags ?
3. AA'rite down thc mineral constituents of the principal Azoic and metamorphic rocks.
4. AA'rite down accurately in order, the members of thc English Eocene Tertiary Series above the Headon Hill Sands.
5. AA'hat is the position of thc " Ditrypa beds" in the English Tertiary Series, and what abundant fossils mark the beds immediately over and under them ?
6. In what formations arc remains of Ichthyosaurus, Plesiosaurus, Pliosaurus, and Teleosaurus found, and what arc the distinguishing characters of each ?
7. AVrite down in order of superposition all the members of the Oolitic Series in England.
8. What are the Toadstones of Derbyshire ? State their nature, mineral composition, geological place and effects on mining ?
9. Give the compass bearing and relative age of thc principal Tin and Copper veins of Cornwall.
G 2
cxlviii EXAMINATION PAPERS,
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF M. A. SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE.
(PROFESSOR HEARN.)
1. AA'hat were the two distinct periods of the French Revolutionary Spirit in the Eighteenth Century ?
2. State generally the evidence by which the fact of this change is established.
3. AVhat date maybe approximately assigned for this change ?
4. Docs the difficulty of fixing an exact date afford any argument against the reality of the change?
5. How do you account for the attack upon the Church preceding the attack upon the State ?
6. AA'hat arc thc circumstances that caused thc hostility against thc Church to bc transferred to the State ?
7. Is it true that the minute division of land in France is the result of the Revolution ?
8. Is it true that the passion for official position in France is the result of the Revolution ?
9. a. What was meant in French law by thc doctrine of Evocation ?
6. AA'hat is the state of the English law on thc same subject ?
T H I R D HONOR EXAMINATION. Cxl ix
10. Describe the various checks upon the influence of the Government that existed under the Ancient Monarchy.
11. o. AVhat analogy did Burke conceive to exist-
between the French and thc English Aristocracy ?
b. Shew the error of this view.
12. M. Do Tocquevillc'remarks that the word "individuality" is of very recent use in France. What inference does he draw from its absence in former times ?
1. Six Samuel Romllly has observed that many of the errors of the National Assembly sprung from their ignorance of Parliamentary procedure, cite some instances confirmatory of this remark.
2. AA'hat according to Burke were the cementing principles of the Revolution ?
3. Describe the territorial re-distribution of France, effected by the Constituent Assembly, and state its object.
4. In what language docs Burke speak of this measure ? How do you account for the facility of its accomplishment ?
5. Give a short account of the various projects formed by thc King for the recovery of his authority.
6. AATiat was the place and the date of the battle that decided thc fate of the Revolution, and who were thc hostile Commanders ?
d RXAMINATION PAPERS.
7. By what other event was the day on which this battle was fought remarkable? State the causes which led to the occurrence of this event.
8. AA'hat are the motives assigned b)' Mignet and Carlyle respectively, for the execution of thc King ?
9. AATio were the principal leaders of the Girondists, aud what were their chief political errors ?
10. AVhat was Buonaparte's policy towards thc Emigrants ? How was his original design modified, and with what success ?
11. Shew the political emirs of the Austrian marriage. .
12. AA'has was Buonaparte's object in the invasion of Russia ? on what former occasions had he successfully adopted a similar course ?
LAW EXAMINATION-F . T., 1861.
FIRST YEAR EXAMINATION.
(MH. CHAPMAN.)
FIRST TERM.
1. AVhat is thc origin of the Court of Common Picas, otherwise called the Common Bench, at AVcst-minster ?
LAW. eli
2. The Court of Exchequer was originally instituted with exclusive jurisdiction in revenue causes between the King and the subject only. State by what contrivance it obtained jurisdiction in Common Pleas or actions between subject and subject.
3. In what manner did the Court of King's Bench re-acquire jurisdiction (as originally exercised by the Aula Regis) in like actions ?
4. Describe thc several jurisdictions of the Supreme Court of Victoria, and mention the Statute by which that Court is constituted and its jurisdictions arc defined.
5. State by what persons the most important fimctions of the Lord Chancellor (except those of a judicial nature) arc exercised in Victoria.
6. It has been laid down as an estabUshed rule that " the Colonies take (not only the Common Law but) the Statute Law of England in force at the date of the establishment of thc King's authority in each Colony, so far as the same is adapted to their circumstances and condition." State by what Statute the above rule has been modified as to (New South AA'ales and) A'ictoria.
{a.) As to thc time up to which English Statutes bind this Colony.
(6.) As to the language in which the rule is expressed.
7. Has the language of the Statute to which you refer received any, and if so, what judicial interpretation ? Name the case.
cl i i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
8. AA'hat Imperial Statutes, passed after the establishment of the King's authority, arc binding on the Colonies ? Let your answer be so worded as to be exhaustive, aud give at least one example of such a Statute.
9. In some Colonial Constitutions, and in most of the old Colonial Charters, it was provided that thc Legislature might make laws for thc good government of the Colony, Province, or Plantation, " provided that such laws are not repugnant to the laws of England." In what sense and with what limitation do you understand the word " repugnant" ?
10. In what case may a provision in a Statute be repealed by necessary implication, though not expressly repealed by a subsequent Statute ?
11. AVhere a Statute which repeals an earlier Statute is itself repealed, what was the effect of such repeal at Common Law ?
12. How is this effect at Common Law modified or altered by the Statute Law of A'ictoria ? Name thc Act.
13. In the exercise of the powers and necessary functions of the Crown within the Colony, in what manner is the authority of the Governor defined and limited ?
14. In what case is the Governor of a Colony liable to be sued in the Courts of his Colony ? Cite the ease which is the authority of your answer.
15. Under the Constitution Act of A'ictoria in what case does the Governor act without the advice of his Cabinet ?
LAW. cliii
16. AVhat are the substantial constitutional securities in England for the assembling of a Parliament once in every year, irrespective of any express enactment for thc purpose.
17. AVhat is the provision in the Statute Law of Victoria having the same object ?
18. What provision has been made by the Legislature of A'ictoria respecting the privileges of thc Members of both Houses of thc Parliament of Victoria.
19. By what writs (irrespective of appeal) does thc Supreme Court exercise jurisdiction over the Inferior Courts of the Colony ? Describe briefly thc nature of these writs.
20. AA'hat is the distinction between an Injunction and a Prohibition ?
21. Thc extensive influence of the (Roman) Civil Law upon the Common Law of England is now generally acknowledged. State briefly the leading circumstances which serve to account for this from early to more recent times.
22., How do you distinguish between a particular custom (apart from special customs which may bc considered as grafts upon the Common Law) and general custom; in other words, what is the test of the generality or particularity of a custom ?
23. AA'hat provision is there in the Statute Law of A'ictoria respecting the distinction between Public and Private Acts ?
G 3
d i v EXAMINATION PAPERS,
24. In what action can the subject proceed against the Crown by the Statute Law of" Victoria ?
SECOND TERM.
1. AVhat is the foundation of the Queen's title- paramount to the territory (domainJ of (New South AVales and) Victoria? Let your answer be such as to explain the difference between the inchoate and complete title as against all other nations.
2. If a subject of the Queen acquires land by purchase from aboriginal tribes, state the effect of that purchase—
(a,) As to the purchaser himself,
(6.) As to the native vendor.
(c.) As to the Queen.
3. Enumerate the several estates in Land. The answer to this question, to be completely satisfactory, should be in the form of an exhaustive table.
4. Explain the difference between the words tenements and hereditaments. Give an instance in which the latter word extends to personal property.
5. State upon what principle the technical meaning of the word tenements is departed from, where the word occurs in an Act of Parliament.
6. Enumerate thc several modes by which an estate may bc held by two or more tenants.
LAW. d v
7. Describe an estate in fee-simple, in co-parcenary, and distinguish it from an estate in joint tenancy.
8. A seized in fee dies without heirs male, leaving three granddaughters, two being the issue of an elder daughter and one that of a younger daughter. What shares do the granddaughters respectively take ?
9. An estate is granted to A for life, remainder to B and to the eldest son of C (C having no son at the time). Why does not B take in joint tenancy with the after-born son of C ?
10. Explain the distinction between a remainder and a reversion.
11. AVhat is meant by a contingent remainder ? Describe and classify the contingencies upon which the vesting of an estate may be made to depend.
12. In what manner does the wrongful possession of land become converted into an estate of right ?
13. Enumerate the several kinds of alienation (or, in other words, the transmission of an estate,) by operation of law.
14. AVhat is the provision of the Statute of Frauds as to any conveyance or contract respecting an interest in land ?
15. Explain what is meant by thc term merger.
16. Explam the distinction between the surrender and the release of an estate.
d v i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
17. In what eases arc voluntary conveyances, i. e., conveyances without valuable consideration, void by the Statute 27 Eliz. c. 4 ?
18. (a) Lands are devised to A in trust to permit B (a widow) to receive the rents. (6) Lands are devised to A iu trust to receive the rents, give acquittances for the same, and pay the amount to B (the widow). State the different operation of the two devises, especially on the legal estate.
19. In what manner does the AVills Act (7 Will. IV. and 1 A'ic. c. 26) affect the mode of attesting a will devising real property ?
20. What alteration has the "Wills Act made respecting lapsed devises ?
21. A, seized in fee of lands as purchaser thereof, dies without issue, leaving a father and a brother. What effect has the Statute of Inheritance on the descent of the estate ?
22. AVhat effect has the Statute of Inheritance on the rights of collaterals of the half blood in relation to the descent of real property ?
23. A grants a lease of lands to B, with a condition that B shall not sublet without A's license ; A. gives B a license to sublet to C. AVhat is the effect, at Common Law, of that license on any subsequent sub-lease after C's has terminated ? and what provision has the Legislature of Victoria made in relation thereto ?
LAW. clvii
24. State what is meant by an incorporeal hereditament, and as some, e. g. tithes and advowsons, do not exist in the Colonics, give examples of at least three species in existence in A'ictoria.
25. AA'hat is the broad distinction between a. customary and a prescriptive right?
THIRD TERM.
1. Lord Holt, in Coggs v. Barnard, enumerates six kinds of bailment: in what manner may these bc grouped together according to the degree of care imposed upon the bailee, or (to change the expression) the degree of negligence necessary to charge such bailee ?
2. In the case of bailments where the benefit is mutual, in what respect does the responsibility of Innkeepers and Can-iers differ from that of ordinary bailees of the same class : and on what ground ?
3. Under what circumstances is an Innkeeper relieved from his liability as to the goods of his guest ?
4. AVhat is the effect of a special agreement with an Innkeeper for board and lodging on his liability as to the goods of his boarder ?
5. Carriers being entitled to notice where packages contain property of unusual value : what is the effect of the bailor's neglect to give such notice upon the carrier's responsibility ?
d v l i i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
6. What is thc nature of the contract of " Carriers' agents," or forwarding agents, as they arc ,sometimes called ?
7. In what cases is an infant bound by his contract ?
8. In what cases and in what character can a married woman bind her husband upon a contract ?
9. A went abroad, leaving his wife with his children in liis house in London; she dealt with tradesmen for the ' supplies of the family as her husband's agent, and the bills were regularly paid. A died, and the tradesmen continued to supply A's wife and family after A's death, but before the wife or the tradesmen had notice of A's death—
{a.) Could the tradesmen recover from thc executors ?
(6.) Could they recover from thc widow ?
Give reasons for both answers.
10. State the difference between the infant's liability to be sued and his right to sue upon his contracts.
11. AA'hat is the limit to a partner's power to bind his copartners by his parol contracts made in the name of the firm ?
12. AVhat is necessary to enable a partner to bind his copartners by deed ?
13. In what cases is the authority of an agent or attorney irrevocable, except by the death of his principal ?
LAW. clix
14. State the two modes of charging a defendant as partner, upon a contract between his partners and persons dealing with the firm.
15. Explain the difference between a guarantee and an independent undertaking to pay for goods.
16. AVhere the consideration is not expressed in a promise to pay for goods supplied to another, what is rule or test of an implied consideration?
17. " I engage to pay for any gas you may supply to the minor theatre, and I also engage for arrears." To what extent can a guarantee in in the above form be supported—and why ?
18. " I n consideration that you will supply goods to A B, I guarantee the payment of the same, and also A £ 's existing debt." How far is the above guarantee good ?
Point out thc distinction in the above cases.
19. Bills of exchange are subject to certain exceptions to the ordinary rules applicable to contracts generally : enumerate these exceptions.
20. AA'hat is the effect of taking a bill of exchange upon an executed contract—say for goods sold and delivered ?—and what effect has the dishonour of the bill ?
21. In a marine policy of Insurance how have the words " and all other perils which may come to the said ship " been interpreted ?
22. AVhat is the object and the legal effect of the words " lost or not lost" in a marine policy of Insurance ?
d x . EXAMINATION PAPERS,
23. AVhat alteration did the Wills Act (7 AVill. IV. and 1 Vic. c. 26) make in the attestation of AVills of personal property ?
24. AA'hat is the Executor's privilege as to his own . debt, due from the testator, and what is the
distinction as to a debt and a legacy to the executor ?
25. AVhat alteration has the AVills Act made in the lapsing of certain legacies, in consequence of the death of the legatee before thc testator ?
SECOND YEAR EXAMINATION,
(MR. BILLING.)
FIRST TERM. »
1. On what covenants has the Assignee of the Reversion an action in his own name at Common Law ? On what by Statute ? On what covenants has he not such an action, cither at Common Law or by Statute ?
2. A young boy is assaulted. AA'hat action can his father bring in such a case ?
3. A woman has personal property, and marries. During the marriage a stranger converts the property to own use, for which an action is brought. AVhat is thc rule as to joining the wife r State any exceptional case.
LAW. Clxi
4. Aii Ejectment is brought, and the plaintiff gets a verdict. Can he at the trial go for mesne rates ? State the law generally on this subject, and what distinction there is.
5. Replevin is commonly resorted to in cases of distress for rent. Arc there any other and what cases in which it can be resorted to ? State them particularly, with the result of the authorities.
6. Can you avow under the Statute for rent payable in advance ? AA'hat is the law as to distraining in such case ? State the authorities.
7. Is there any and what difference in pleading between the averment of conditions precedent and conditions subsequent ? Give an instance of the latter. AVhat general rule of pleading does the rule as to the latter come under ?
8. Trover is brought for goods. The plaintiff gets a verdict. Are the jury confined to the value of the goods ? or does any and what Act allow them to go farther ? AVhat other cases does thc Act apply to ?
9. Detinue is brought for a deed. After action and before plea the defendant re-dclivers it, and it is accepted. The plaintiff's damage was only nominal. AA'hat is the frame of thc defendant's pleas ? Mention the Exchequer case in which pleas of this description occurred.
10. A landlord declares for. use and occupation of a house. The tenant pleads a set-off for money-lent. The landlord's answer is that it has been paid. There arc two forms, iu cither of which
d x i i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
he could reply. Mention them. AVhat is thc decision as to the second of these forms, and why docs it not come within the Practice Act?
11. To a declaration by drawer against acceptor of a bill, defendant pleads that the plaintiff did not draw thc bill. AA'hat would you do in such a case ? Give the reason for your answer.
12. A declaration contains two counts by indorsee against drawer, each on a different bill. Neither has been in fact presented; but with respect to the first, there was a good excuse for i t ; and, with the regard to the second, the defendant admitted after the bill was overdue, that it was unpaid. What would be the frame of each count ? . , . ; - . »
13. For what torts of a servant is a master responsible ? And for what not ? Give the leading case on the latter subject. Sketch a declaration against a master for • damage done by his servant in negligently driving his carriage.
14. AVhat is the rule as to in what cases evidence of collateral facts is admissible ? Give the answer fully, with reasons.
15. AVhat is said to bc the best test for deciding on whom thc Onus Proband! lies ?
16. AA'hat is the ordinary measure of damages in an action for not accepting goods sold ?
17. A person sells goods. Thc purchaser will not accept them. The vendor re-sclls them at a loss, and brings an action against thc purchaser for goods bargained and sold. Is he right ?
LAW. clxiii
Give your reason for the answer, and state the decision on the [point ? State generally the cases in which the count for goods bargained and sold lies.
18. Give instances of what may be given in evidence, under thc plea of—Did not indorse.
SECOND TERM.
1. Illustrate by example thc following maxims :—
"AVho socks Equity must do Equity." " Equity follows the Law." " Equity delights in Equality." . -.. .
2. AA'ill Equity grant relief in the case of the non-execution of a power in any and what case ?
3. AVhat are Marriage-Brokage Contracts, and what is the rule of Equity as regards them ?
4. A testator has three daughters. Annexed to the fortunes which he leaves them he imposes tho following conditions, viz.:—AA'ith regard to the first, a condition restraining her from marrying any man who should not have £5000 a year : with regard to thc second, a condition restraining her from marrying until she should bc 50 years of age: and with regard to the third, a condition restraining her from marrying without the consent of her guardian. Would any and which of these conditions be valid ? State the Law on thc subject of conditions in restraint of Marriage. Distinguish between conditions precedent and subsequent in such cases, and give the authorities.
Clxiv EXAMINATION PAPERS,
5. Give the principles of Equity as relating to transactions between Guardian and AVard, Solicitor and Client, and Principal and Agent, and give illustrations of each, with the leading case on the subject.
6. A legacy is left to a young lady: she marries: the husband institutes a suit to recover it. AVhat would the Court do under such circumstances ? and mention the maxim of Equity Jurisprudence within which the case falls.
7. Thc firm of Brown and Co. have bought a valuable real estate for thc purpose of the partnership : would there be any difference between Law and Equity as to the devolution of it in the event of the death of the members of thc firm?
8. A testator devises property to A.B., " hoping that he will benefit the family of his brother Thomas." In the same will he devises another property to his wife, " not doubting but that she would dispose of what should be left at her death to his two grand children." AVould there be any difference in Equity between thc construction of these two devises ?
9. Lord St. Leonards, when in Ireland, decided a case, Ellis v. Nimmo. Is it a sound decision ? What was the point decided? and state thc rule of Equity generally on the subject, with its exceptions.
10. A man sells an estate: £500 of the purchase-money is unpaid, but he takes a security for it, and signs the conveyance. How would it be with respect to his lien for the unpaid purchase money ?
LAW. d x v
11. A trustee is acting under a deed, and commits a breach of trust. In what rank of debts does Equity regard it ? State the rule generally on this subject.
12. Thc general rule is, that Parol evidence cannot be admitted to vary, &c, a written instrument. Is there any, and what, difference, as regards this mle in Equity, between the case of plaintiff and defendant in cases of specific performance ?
13. Enumerate thc several cases in which a Court of Equity will decree a sale of the mortgaged property, instead of a foreclosure merely.
14. Define the doctrines of Equity "Elec t ion" and " Satisfaction," and give illustrations of each. State the leading cases on thc subject.
15. Under what Act can service of process in Equity be substituted in this Colony ? and state the provisions of it. State also the general jurisdiction of the Court, with the leading cases on this subject.
10. AA'hat do you understand by a "speaking demurrer ?"
17. Give the cases in which a ne exeat Cclonia will be granted. State the practice on it, and in what cases a positive affidavit will be dispensed with.
18. Enumerate the acts of insolvency which will be sufficient to justify a compulsory sequestration.
19. Can a person who has given credit to another for valuable consideration for a sum payable at a certain time, which time has not arrived when the act of insolvency was committed, be a petitioning creditor ?
d x v i EXAMINATION PAPERS,
20. Briefly enumerate the provisions of the Colonial Act as to payments made by and to any person in contemplation of surrendering his estate, &c.
21. A testator does not formally appoint an executor, but he leaves his personal property to A. B., imposing on him duties which would properly be those of an executor. AA'hat would he be ? In what form would you publish your advertisement, and apply for probate ?
22. AVhat are the provisions of the Supreme Court Rules as to creditors applying for administration ; and also as to their passing their accounts ?
23. Enumerate the subjects over which the Vice-Admiralty Court exercises jurisdiction.
24. AVhat are the causes of possession ? and state the practice in such cases. Docs the Court recognize the equitable or beneficial interest in such
25. AVhat is the order of priority of payments in case of Bottomry Loans ? and state the practice in Bottomry Suits.
26. AA'hat do you understand by material-men, and what are the rules of thc Court as regards them?
LAW. clxvii
THIRD TERM.
1. Several persons are charged^ with larceny. By way of defence, it is set up for one that he was acting under the coercion of his father; for another, that he was acting under the coercion of his master; and for a third (a wife), that she was acting under the coercion of her husband. AVould any of these defences be good ? How would it be if the offence were murder instead of larceny ?
2. Can a wife be informed against with her husband • in Misdemeanor cases ?
3. Distmguish between Principals in the First Degree, Principals in the Second Degree, Accessaries before the Fact, and Accessaries after the Fact. AA'hat is the essential difference between Principals and Accessaries ?
4. A man has committed a felony. His wife harbors him for a week, his brother for the next week, his father for the next, and his son for the next (all knowing him to have committed thc felony). AVould all bc punishable as Accessaries after the Fact ? If not, on what principle ? Distinguish the cases.
5. A riot takes place, and in the attempt to disperse the rioters, a policeman strikes one of them with his baton, from which he dies. AVhat kind of homicide would you say it come under ?
G. A storm takes place at sea, and a vessel goes to pieces. Two men cling to a spar. Finding it not able to support both, one of them thrusts the other from it, whereupon he is drowned. AA'hat kind of homicide would that be ? Give thc principle.
clxvili EXAMINATION PAPERS,
7. AA'hat is the distinction in Manslaughter with respect to Accessaries ?
8. A has a grudge towards B, and by way of revenge goes to his house with the intention of burning it. He places lighted matches close to it, but before the house actually ignites he is apprehended. The next night C makes the attempt, and is apprehended a minute or two after one of the rafters of the house has ignited. Both arc prosecuted for arson. AVhat would bc the result ?
9. A man with a gun in his hand is passing by a neighbour's yard, and seeing a hen there he fires at it; with the intention of killing and stealing it. Some of the wadding of the gun sets fire to a house with a shingle roof close by, and it is burned to thc ground. Could you convict him of arson ?
10. AA'hat is the distinction between Burglary and Larceny in a dwelling-house ? What is the statutable limit as to the hours within which the offence of Burglary must bc committed ?
11. A person having a house in Melbourne goes to Brighton, with intention of returning in a few days to his house in Melbourne, and in the meantime locks it up. AATiilst thus locked up, and no one living in it, thieves break in it at two o'clock one morning. Could you convict them of burglary ? State the principle.
12. A thief seeing a window of a house open about midnight enters and robs" it. AA'ould it be burglary ?
LAW. Clxix
13. Suppose he were to come down the chimney, instead of getting in at the window, would it make any difference ? Give the reason for your answer.
14. An entry into the house is necessary in burglary. Now suppose thc thief were not able to get in his body, but only a hook, at a window, and were thus to drag out goods, would that be enough ?
15. Define the following offences, viz.: Murder, Larceny, Robbery, Forgery, Cheating, and Perjury.
16. Now, having reference to " thc taking from the person " in the definition of Robbery, suppose this case ; A assaults B , and bids him to deliver his purse, and B throws it into a bush, and A takes it up in his presence, and carries it away. AA'ould you say that was robbery ?
17. In a Civil Case you could declare against a man for | an assault and on a bill of exchange in thc same declaration. Could you, in the same way, charge him for a robbery and a murder in the same information?
18. Could a man bc charged as accessary before the fact, in one count, and accessary after the fact in another to the same felony ?
19. AA'hat is the nature of thc AA'rit of Quo Warranto?
20. AA'hat is necessary to sustain it? Suppose a man claim an office to which another is entitled, will the writ lie ? Give the reason for the answer.
H
d x x EXAMINATION PAPERS,
21. Define the Writ of Mandamus, and state in what cases it lies. Give a short sketch of the practice subsequent to the writ.
22 AA'hat is a Peremptory Mandamus, and in what cases does it issue ?
HONOR EXAMINATION.
F I R S T YEAR.
(MR. CHAPMAN.)
1. (a) Land is given by Deed to A and his assigns for ever.
(6) Land is given by Will to A and his assigns for ever.
AA'hat estate does A take in the above cases respectively ? Give the reason for your answer.
2. {a.) Land is granted by Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the Colony, to A and his heirs for ever (without mentioning mines and minerals).
(6.) Land is granted as above, " together with all mines and minerals." What mines and minerals pass by the above grants respectively ?
LAW. Clxxi
3. Explain concisely the rule known as " the rule in Shelly's case."
4. Lands are granted to a woman in tail male. She marries and has a daughter, and then dies, leaving her husband surviving her. Is the husband tenant by the courtesy ? Give the principle upon which your answer is founded.
5. A landlord leases his land verbally for seven years, the tenancy to commence on a day named. Can this lease, be supported or referred to, to any, and if so, to what extent ?
6. AA'hat effect has the insolvency of the tenant upon his covenant to pay rent, provided the Official Assignee does not elect to take the lease ?
7. AVhat are the exceptions to thc general rule that a Corporation aggregate can only contract under its common seal ?
8. Point out the distinction between thc incorporation clause of the Melbourne Incorporation Act (which is similar to that of the English Municipal Corporations Act,) and that of the Municipal Institutions Act, 18 Vic. No. 15.
9. Generally speaking, reclaimed animals,yer<e natunc, pass with the freehold to the heir. Under what circumstances have deer in a park been recently held to pass to the executors ?
10. A B, a seaman, on going to sea gave authority to the owner of the ship in which he served to pay his wages monthly to C D. A B died
clxsii EXAMINATION PAPERS,
abroad, and the owner, after his death, but without notice thereof, paid wages accrued due before his death. A B's executor claimed the .same wages of the owner* State fully the principle upon which this case is governed ?
11. AA'hat is the effect 6f Grant's Act, 21 Vic. No. XXVIII., on the authority of the agent or attorney, in the event of the death of the principal ?
12. A undertakes to perform a gratuitous service for another. In pcrforrning that service damage is done to a chattel in respect of which thc service is rendered. AVhat is thc nile which detennines A's liability for the damage ?
13. A- and eleven other persons are> jointly and severally liable to pay a sum of money. A pays the whole, and has a right to receive contribution from the others. Two of the persons liable to make contribution become insolvent. Should A be advised to seek contribution by action at law or by bill in equity ? Give the reason for your answer.
14. The general rule of law is, that a tenant erecting permanent buildings (affixed to tho freehold), or planting trees on thc land which he occupies, cannot remove them. Lord Coke goes so far as to say, " It is waste to build a house on the land of another, and it is waste to pull it down again." State the exception or exceptions to the above rule, aud explain the' policy of such exceptions.
15. The finder of a chattel sells it to one who is ignorant of the maimer in which the vendor
LAW. clxxiii
became possessed of it. Explain the extent and nature of the finder's, aud consequently of the purchaser's, title.
16. A loses a cheque upon the highway, which B finds: B, thc finder, without making any inquiry as to the owner, purchases goods of C, and pays for the same with the fouud cheque. Can 6*retain the cheque, or can he bc compelled to deliver it to the original owner ? Give the principle of your answer.
17. AVhat is now necessary to revive a debt barred by the Statute of Limitations, and also to confirm a debt contracted during infancy ? Name the statute, aud state why it is in force in A'ictoria.
18. " Illegality vitiates a contract." Give some examples of contracts void for illegality.
19. Contracts in general restraint of trade arc void. Give some examples of contracts in restraint of trade which have been supported, and state the two conditions on which such exceptional cases have been sustained by the Courts at AVest-miuster.
20. State under what circumstances the tools of a workman, or " implements of trade," are privileged from distress for rent.
21. AVhat alteration has been made by the Statute Law of A'ictoria as to the effect of thc endorsement over of a Bill of Lading ?
22. State the full effect of an unauthorised material alteration of a Bill of Exchange.
clsxiv EXAMINATION PAPERS,
23. State the principle upon which a master is liable for the acts of his servant, and give some examples of cases in which the master is and is not so liable.
24. The general rule is that a feme convert cannot contract or be sued upon her own contract. State thic exceptions to this rule, according to the law of England.
25. AA'hat is the extent of a factor's power over goods entrusted to him, or (what is equivalent thereto) over the evidences of title, such as dock warrants, bonded warehouse warrants, &c. ?
26. AA'hat is necessary to enable an agent to appoint a deputy, or an attorney to appoint a substitute ? AVhat is the maxim of law on this subject ?
27. Name the several species of lawful contracts of which Courts of Equity have declined to decree specific performance, though damages may be recovered for the non-performance of such contracts ?
.28. In the following cases, distinguish those (if any) in which A and B are not partners, from those (if any) in which they are :
(«.) A and B are jointly interested iu the purchase of goods to be when purchased divided between them.
(6.) A had a parcel of goods, and entrusted them to B to sell, with a stipulation that B should have half the profits .accruing from thc sale.
3.
LAW. c l x x v
(c.) A, the owner of a barge, handed her over to B, a working lighterman, to work her for half the earnings.
{d.) A similar arrangement between similar parties, except that B was to have half the profits as his remuneration.
Give reasons for your answers.
SECOND YEAR,
(MR. BILLING.)
1. What is the definition of Pleading given by Mr. Justice Buller ? AVhat is the object of it, and enumerate its jjrincipal rules ?
2. Suppose a document on which you are declaring contain first a general clause, and afterwards a distinct and separate clause containing an exception. How would you declare it ?
Suppose thc exception to be in express terms incorporated in thc general clause, would it make any difference ?
Suppose a middle case, where there is a general clause, and afterwards a distinct and separate clause containing an exception, and the general clause refers to the latter by the words "Except as hereinafter mentioned." How would you declare ?
elxxvi EXAMINATION PAPERS,
5. Two Rules of Pleading have been affected by modern legislation, viz. ;—That as to singleness iu the issue, and that which required that pleadings should not be argumentative. State thc Act and its provisions alluded to.
6. In a declaration on a Bond it is not necessary to aver that the defendant was of full age when he executed it. Under what rule of pleading does the case fall ?
7. Suppose you arc declaring on a deed or writing, what is the guide for determining in what cases you must in your pleading allege the deed or writing, and in what not ?
8. A joint tenant conveys to his companion his estate in the joint lands by the words, " gives, grants, &c." How would you state this in pleading ?
9. A tenant for life grants his estate to him in reversion. How would you plead it ?
10. A person sends a watch to a watchmaker to be repaired ; when repaired he demands it, but refuses to pay for the repairs. The watchmaker will not give it up without his charges, and detinue is brought against him. AA'hat defence could he set up, aud under what plea ? State the conflicting decisions of the Queen's Bench and Exchequer on this point.
11. AVhen does a Departure first occur iu pleading ? AA'hat rule of pleading does it violate 1 How many, and what kinds of Departure are there ? and illustrate each by examples. How do you take advantage of a Departure ?
LAW. clxxvii
12. AVhat is the rule as to showing title in pleadings? Illustrate it by reference to the following Oases:—
(1.) Action by landlord v. tenant on lease.
(2.) Action by landlord's executor on the same lease.
(3.) Action by thc tenant against a person who has trespassed on the farm.
AVhat difference is there between thc way in which the plaintiff should state his own title and that in which he should state the title of the defendant ?
13. Suppose a person were to say " Debit me with the amount of my calls duo on my 200 shares. I I think it will be about £500." AVould that be such an acknowledgment as would support a count for an account stated ? State generally what is requisite to support thc count.
14. Can an infant or a feme coverte state an account ?
15. AVhere rent has been reserved by a lease under seal, there arc two forms of declaring. Sketch them. Sketch also a declaration by the Assignee of the reversion.
16. Give instances of what will amount to an eviction from demised premises. Also what will constitute a surrender.
17. State what was decided by Fox v. Mackreth. Since that case—
clxxviii EXAMINATION PAPERS,
{a.) Can an agent purchase from his principal ?
(6.) Can a creditor who has taken out execution become the purchaser of property seized under it ? Give the reason for your answer.
18. Suppose a trustee has made a purchase which is improper within this case, on what terms will the cestui que trust obtain relief?
{a.) AVhen he wishes for a re-conveyance.
(6.) When ho does not.
19. AVhat is the leading case on part performance of Contracts which are within the Statute of Frauds? State what would be part performance, and on what principle, as laid down by Lord Redesdale. Enumerate acts which have been decided not to amount to it, and the principle of these decisions.
20. Suppose it were a part of the original agreement that the Contract should be put into writing, would this take the case out of the Statute? AVhat is the state of the authorities on this point?
21. A Contract within the Statute is. not in writing : the party seeking to enforce it sets it out in his bill without alleging it to be in writing. Can you suggest any frame of the defendant's answer which would get the plaintiff' out of the difficulty as to the Statute ?
22. AVhat words in a Statute create a felony ?
LAW. clxxix
23. Suppose a prisoner is out on bail, and a person relieve or assist him, will it make him an accessary after the fact ?
24. Suppose A enter the house of B in thc night-time, the outer door being open, and when he is within the house turns the key of and opens the door of a room with intent to commit a felony, what offence would it be ?
25. Suppose the breaking of a house were in the day and the entry by night, or vice versd, would it be burglary ?
26. Suppose A have two mansion houses, and is sometimes with his family at one and sometimes at the other, would the breaking and entry of one of them in the night-time, in thc absence of his family, be burglary ?
27. AA'hat is the derivation of "Treason?" AA'hat offences are defined to be treasons by the Statute of Treasons, and what change did that Statute make as to constructive treasons ?
28. Suppose a clause in an Act takes away certiorari, how far is thc Crown affected by it ?
29 For what defects, as a class, will the Supreme Court grant a certiorari to remove summary convictions ?
30. AVhat statutable provisions are there as to interpleader in mandamus cases ?
SHAW, H A E U B T I & Co., P B I S T E E S , MEi.BorBifE.
Library Digitised Collections
Author/s:
University of Melbourne
Title:
University of Melbourne Calendar 1861 - 1862
Date:
1861 - 1862
Persistent Link:
http://hdl.handle.net/11343/23358
File Description:
16_Appendix
Terms and Conditions:
Terms and Conditions: Copyright in works deposited in the University of Melbourne Calendar
Collection is retained by the copyright owner. The work may not be altered without
permission from the copyright owner. Readers may only, download, print, and save electronic
copies of whole works for their own personal non-commercial use. Any use that exceeds
these limits requires permission from the copyright owner. Attribution is essential when
quoting or paraphrasing from these works.
Terms and Conditions:
To request permission to adapt, modify or use the works outside of the limits of these terms
and conditions, please complete the permission request form at:
http://www.unimelb.edu.au/copyright/information/fastfind/externalrequest.html