examining changes in commuting metrics across two …...examining changes in commuting metrics...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD
Data.
Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, 401 Braunstein Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0131, E-mail: [email protected]
Michael J. Widener, PhD, Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati, 401 Braunstein
Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0131, E-mail: [email protected]
1
![Page 2: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction • Some amount of travel to work is “required” by the layout
of a region. • Actual travel to work always higher than this required
amount.
• z
2
![Page 3: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Background
3
Horner, M. W. (2002) Extensions to the concept of excess commuting. Environment and Planning A, 34, 543-566.
![Page 4: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Commuting Measures • Observed Commutes (Tobs) The average commute distance
• Theoretical Minimum Commute (Tmin) Measure of jobs-housing balance
• Theoretical Maximum Commute (Tmax) Measure of overall dispersion or sprawl
• Excess Commuting (EC) (Tobs – Tmin) / Tobs
• Commuting Range (R) Tmax – Tmin
• Capacity Used (CU) (Tobs – Tmin) / R
4
![Page 5: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Metro Locations
5
![Page 6: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Considerations for the analysis
• 25 metro regions • 2 years (2002 & 2011) • 2 geographic extents (the 1990 metro
definition and the 2010 metro definition) • Road network distance used as the
commuting cost. • Scaling the underlying geography to be
computationally feasible.
6
![Page 7: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LEHD Data
• Published by the census bureau with almost complete national coverage Massachusetts missing, some states missing 2002, 2003
• Created from state unemployment insurance records • Consists of per block counts of residents and workers • Available from 2002-2011 currently • Already aggregated to 2010 blocks for 02-09 • Some workers are not included in the data Migrant workers, uniformed military, and self-employed
7
![Page 8: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
![Page 9: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
![Page 10: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
![Page 11: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
![Page 12: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Rank Order Comparison Tmin
12
![Page 13: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
![Page 14: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
![Page 15: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
![Page 16: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
![Page 17: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
![Page 18: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
![Page 19: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Discussion • We recalculated all of the commuting
measures from Horner’s 2002 paper for 25 metro regions.
• Understand how the urban forms are changing over time. Miami’s results support a polycentric urban form
being able to facilitate shorter commutes Overall metros remain fairly consistent
o Especially with 1990 boundaries preserved oColumbus the only metro to decrease in Tmin, Tobs,
and Tmax from 2002 to 2011.
19
![Page 20: Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two …...Examining Changes in Commuting Metrics Across Two Decades with LEHD Data. Daniel Schleith, Department of Geography, University](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022050200/5f53c08a7f4c675b761ec122/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Appendix
The Transportation Problem
20