Excellent ed maps can be obtained by MAD phasing.

Electrophoretic mobility

Frictional coefficient

Polyacrylamide gel

Use fresh ammonium persulfate.

SDS-PAGE

Stacking gelResolving gel

Discontinuous buffer system

1. pI (isoelectric focusing)

2 Mr (SD

S-PAGE)

log Mr

SDS-PAGE

MWCO of dialysis tubing

DEAE- CM-

affinity column

Concanavalin A

Gel filtration column: long

Ion exchange column: medium

Affinity column: small

Sedimentation velocity

Centrifugal force

Sedimentation coefficient 1 S=10-13 sec

Mass under nondenaturing conditions

ESI Mass Spectrum

MALDI TOFMatrix Assisted

Laser Desorption Ionization

Time-of-Flight

One cycle of Edman degradation

Mixture of

PTH-aa’s

Performic acid oxidation and cleavage of -S-S-

N-terminal sequencing

Degenerate oligomer primer

cDNA cloning

DNA sequencing

4 Ca2+ binding motifs in calmodulin

Hybridoma cell

ELISA

Western blotting

Imaging plate (IP) is 50-times more sensitive than X-ray film.

Actin filaments

Gold cluster-conjugated antibody

Secondary structure content

Low resolution High

resolution

Spin=1/2

When R < 5 A

R

Chemical shift

X-ray vs NMR

DCC

항이뇨성의

Natural

Synthetic

Merrifield solid-phase peptide synthesis