Excellent & Practical Tips forExcellent & Practical Tips for Acquiring Information Objects and Maximizing Public & Private 

PartnershipsPartnerships

Lourdes David, Director, Rizal Library, Ateneo de Manila University, August 19, 

20102010

Scope of the paper• As per description provided by the organizers for this parallel session, this paper will focus on: – Relating success stories about public‐private partnerships in the acquisition and digitization of information. 

Enabling participants to understand realize and embark on– Enabling participants to understand, realize and embark on acquisition’s work that  brings in and uses public and private players (PPPs). 

– Enabling participants to draw conclusions as to how each institution would  benefit from public‐private partnerships. 

Guiding participants in reflecting on probable partnership– Guiding participants in reflecting on probable  partnership guidelines, technology issues, and project specifics

Definition: DataDefinition: Data

• “Data is a set of discrete objective facts aboutData is a set of discrete, objective facts about events…there is no inherent meaning in data.” (Davenport Thomas and Prusak Laurence Working(Davenport, Thomas and Prusak, Laurence. Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know. (Harvard Business School Press, 2000), pp.2‐( , ), pp3).

Definition: Information• “…[Information] is the strange, compressible stuff that flows out of a tangible object, be it …a book or a piano, and, after a complex series of transformations involving the senses, lodges in the conscious brain…Knowledge of the world is information…”(Von Baeyer, Hans Christian. Information: The New Language of Science (Phoenix, 2003). pp.15, 17, and 229) 

Definition: Information ObjectsDefinition: Information Objects

• An information object is an entity thatAn information object is an entity that contains the content of a message and has the required structure and context to allow thatrequired structure and context to allow that message to be decoded and understood (http://archivemati ca/2007/01/2understood.(http://archivemati.ca/2007/01/29/what‐is‐information‐anyway/)

Definition: Information ObjectDefinition: Information Object

• An information object is an entity thatAn information object is an entity that contains the content of a message and has the required structure and context to allow thatrequired structure and context to allow that message to be decoded and understood. (http://archivemati ca/2007/01/29/what‐is‐(http://archivemati.ca/2007/01/29/what isinformation‐anyway/) 

Definition: MessageDefinition: Message

• A usually short communication transmitted byA usually short communication transmitted by words, signals, or other means from one person station or group to anotherperson, station, or group to another. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/message) 

Example of an Information ObjectExample of an Information Object

• Two or more pieces of digital content such asTwo or more pieces of digital content, such as web page (s), activities, simulations, animations or tutorials that illustrate aanimations, or tutorials that illustrate a principle, explain a concept, or describe a process or procedure Information objects canprocess or procedure. Information objects can be combined to form a learning object. ...www oncoreblueprint org/Blueprint/Glossarywww.oncoreblueprint.org/Blueprint/Glossary.htm

Example of an Information ObjectExample of an Information Object

• An abstraction of a real information entity (egAn abstraction of a real information entity (eg, CT Image, Structured Report, etc.) which is acted upon by one or more DICOMacted upon by one or more DICOM Commands.www dabsoft ch/dicom/1/3/www.dabsoft.ch/dicom/1/3/

Definition: PartnershipDefinition: Partnership

• a cooperative relationship between people ora cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goalachieving some specific goal

• Source: http://www google com ph/search?hl=en&q=http://www.google.com.ph/search?hl=en&q=define%3Apartnership&btnG=Search&meta=  

Definition: Consortium

• Consortium derives from the Latin word consors, meaning ‘partner.’ 

• Consortium refers to a partnership or anConsortium refers to a partnership or an association of two or more entities (individuals, companies, organizations,(individuals, companies, organizations, societies, agencies or governments) with the objective of participating in a common activityobjective of participating in a common activity for a common goal.

Consortium: A cooperative arrangement among two or morearrangement among two or more parties a joint activity and common purpose. 

A B+ = Consortium

C+A B + +… = Consortium

Example: Marriage• The marital alliance between a husband and wife and their respective right to each other'swife and their respective right to each other s support, cooperation, aid, and companionship is a consortium. It is also a partnership.is a consortium. It is also a partnership.

Examples of ConsortiaExamples of Consortia

• Banks: Bancnet, Megalink, Expressnet, g , p• Universities and Colleges: Mendiola Consortium, Davao Colleges and Universities Network (DACUN)

• Associations: Philippine Association of Academic and Research Librarians PAAR, Academic Libraries Book Acquisitions System Association (ALBASA)Acquisitions System Association (ALBASA)

• Libraries: Public Library Consortium, Aurora Boulevard Consortium 

Library Consortium: A cooperative arrangement among libraries for aarrangement among libraries for a joint activity and common purpose. 

LibLibrary Consortium

Library A Library B

Library C

or morey

CharacteristicsCharacteristics

• Agreement to cooperateAgreement to cooperate

• Common Purpose

ll fi i l• Mutually Beneficial– Shared Resources (Collection, facilities, staff 

)expertise)

– Reciprocal Services (Interlibrary Loan, Document d li f it )delivery, reference, onsite use)

– Cooperative acquisition

l– Cooperative cataloguing

Paradigm Shift: Trends in E‐Publishing dand Access

• Rapid growth of e‐journals and e‐booksRapid growth of e journals and e books  

• Increasing acceptance of electronic information resources

• Increasing availability of full‐text titles andIncreasing availability of full text titles and links to full text articles from databases

• Increasing acceptability of access instead of ownership

Impact of Paradigm Shift on the Consortium

• Information transfer is via networks such asInformation transfer is via networks such as the Internet or intranets thereby affecting ownership and access issuesownership and access issues

Library DatabaseLibrary Database

User?

Consortium ModelsConsortium Models

• Only e‐resources will be sharedOnly e resources will be shared

• All resources will be shared

Model: All resources are shared

B k

Databases Repositories

E B kBooks E-Books

Serials Consortium E-Serials

Staff E tiFacilities

Multimedia

ExpertiseFacilities

Other ResourcesResources

Major issues with e‐ResourcesMajor issues with e Resources• Licensing agreements‐‐Issue—who may access the information how many may access the informationinformation, how many may access the information

• Copyright‐‐transfer of knowledge to others, how much information may be downloadedmuch information may be downloaded

• Authentication and authorization—IP address access, llallows remote access using User ID and Password

• Pricing models—Varies from institution to institution

Major issues with e‐ResourcesMajor issues with e Resources• Archival access—Perpetual access to archive that has been paid for but access to archives may be limitedbeen paid for but access to archives may be limited to one PC

• Budget issues Costly More for less in total but the• Budget issues—Costly—More for less in total but the initial and annual prices are too high for the small library 

• Measurement/statistics of use

• Small bandwidth leading to slow access• Small bandwidth leading to slow access

• Withdrawal from the consortium

Consortium PricingConsortium Pricing

• 1 Lump sum license fee—shared access and1 Lump sum license fee shared access and shared cost

• Individually priced with options for difference• Individually priced with options for difference datasets and licensing—each billed individually and licensed individuallyindividually and licensed individually. 

• Per institution price at various levels of icommitment

Consortium Benefits• Information Resource Sharing allows smaller institutions to have access to resources they otherwise cannot afford through – interlibrary loan, – document delivery, – reciprocal onsite use

ld l d l• Cooperative acquisitions could lead to a larger common collection

l ld• Cooperative cataloguing could save on cataloguing time and could lead to a union catalogcatalog 

Benefits to the ConsortiumBenefits to the Consortium• Shared cost—win win situationAll ll i i i h di• Allows smaller institutions to have direct access to resources they otherwise cannot affordafford 

• More information could be purchased as a consortium due to less cost for each memberconsortium due to less cost for each member

• Consortium can leverage negotiation power with service providers  p

• Consortium can extend mutual support in  areas related to e‐resources

Contents of AgreementContents of Agreement

• Mission Vision Goal Objectives PurposeMission, Vision, Goal, Objectives, Purpose

• Terms of Agreement P i i d l– Pricing model

– Sharing of resources

– Withdrawal policies

– Terms of membership

– Other

• Responsible authority

ConclusionConclusion• The Library consortium provides a cooperative 

h i h i f i iresponse to changes in the way information is published and conveyed. 

• Partnership in acquiring information objects will prove beneficial to all partners in terms of extent of access to information and costs involved