EXCEPTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

PHYSICAL

DISABILITIES

Sensory Impairme

nts

Learning Disabilities

ADHD(Attention Deficit

Hyperactivity Disorder)

Disability

-any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function.

-any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.

-a disadvantage for a given individual that limits or prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal.

Handicap

Impairment

Physical Disability-Incapacity to function normally, caused by a bodily deficiency or injury.-any type of physical condition that significantly impacts ones major life.

MobilityWork ToleranceSelf careCommunication

TEMPORARY? Or PERMANENT?

They used…..

CAUSES

Prenatal-before and after conceptionGenes, Chromosomes Aberrations, Infection, Malnutrition, Drug abuse, Irradiation

Perinatal-during the period of birthBirth injuries, Difficult labor, Hemorrhage

Postnatal-after birthInfections, Fractures and dislocations, Tuberculosis of the bones, Arthritis, Rheumatism

What are the Physical Disabilities?Cerebral Palsy

-Cerebral (Brain) Palsy (Weakness in a person’s movement)

- A non- progressive neurological disorder-Affects communication between the brain and the

muscles.

Types of CPMaybe classified by the type of movement problem

Spastic – inability of a muscle to relax. Dyskenetic – inability to control the movement of a

muscle. Ataxic – problems with balance and coordination.

“Sometimes accompanied by

Epilepsy.”

Example

Spina Bifida-birth defects called neural tube defects. -The neural tube is the embryonic structure that eventually develops into the baby's brain and spinal cord and the tissues that enclose them.Example:

Muscular dystrophy-inherited disorders in which there is a gradual deterioration and weakening of muscles in the body.

Examples

Teach me: Don’t Label me.

In the Philippines….Republic Act 9155 ‘Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001’Special Needs Education refers to the education of children and youth with special needs corresponding to elementary and secondary that require modifications of school practices, curricula, programs, special services and facilities.

Republic Act 7277 ‘Magna Carta for Disabled Persons’

US Department of Education….Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Ensures that all children with disabilities are entitled to a free appropriate public education to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment, and independent living.

Inclusive Education -is a learning environment where children with and without disabilities are taught together, as equals.

Warm and accepting classroom atmosphere. Teacher-Students understands and respect. Regular teachers-SPED teach interactively. Multi-level, multi-modality curriculum. Collaboration and consultation.

Salient Features

In classroom….Regular Education vs. Special Education

Special class or Self -contained class-composed of pupils with the same exceptionality or disability.

Integration and mainstreaming-children and youth with disability study in regular class.

Partial mainstreaming- children who has moderate or severe forms of disability is mainstreamed in regular classes in a specific subject.

Full mainstreaming- children with disability is enrolled in regular classes and participate in all the subject.

INDIVIDUALIZED EDUCATION PLAN

This is a written statement of the educational program designed to meet a child's individual needs. Every child who receives special education services must have an IEP.

PHYSICAL SETTING:• Seating Arrangement• Call him/her to recite• Take note about their individual strengthsLANGUAGE PROBLEMS:• Make sure your student is looking at you when you are giving

instructions.AUDITORY MEMORY:• Be patient when speaking or asking.• One instruction at a time.• Use visual representations and mnemonics when explaining.• Break down information/concepts into smaller chunks.BEHAVIORAL ISSUES:• Be aware of their personal-social.• Rewards and Punishment.• Involve them in special activities in school.

Others…..• Audio recorder or note taking assistance• Accessible seating or table in the classroom• Additional time for completing exams.• Relocating classroom to an accessible building.• Communication with parents.• Orient the class.• Assist them but not always.• Connection to professionals (School Psychologist, School

counselor, Physiotherapists, Speech Therapists, Social workers)

Successful People w/ Disability

Grace Padaca Sudha Chandran

Successful People w/ Disability

Tanni Grey-Thompson Stephen HawkingsNick Vujicic

Child and Adolescent DevelopmentAuthors, Acero,Ph.D Javier,Ph.D Castro,M.AChapter 5: Impairment, Disability, and Handicap byJohn Frederiksen, Mike Martin, Leonor Moniz Pereira, Ramxa2n Puig de la Bellacasa and Stephen von Tetzchner, retrieved fromhttp://speech.di.uoa.gr/hestia/books/issues91/05imp.htmlImpairment, Disability and Handicap ,Department of Pediatrics bySheena L. Carter, Ph.D. retrieved fromhttp://www.pediatrics.emory.edu/divisions/neonatology/dpc/Impairment%20MX.htmlWilliam Morgan quoteshttp://thinkexist.com/quotes/william_morgan/Philippine Statistic Authority, Republic of the PhilippinesPersons with Disability in the Philippines (Results from the 2010 Census) retrieved fromhttps://psa.gov.ph/content/persons-disability-philippines-results-2010-censusWhat is a Physical Disability? - Definition & Types Chapter 9 / Lesson 22 retrieved fromhttp://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-physical-disability-definition-types-quiz.html

R-E-F-E-R-E-N-C-E-S

What is Celebral Palsy, Celebral Palsy Alliance retrieved fromhttps://www.cerebralpalsy.org.auSpina Bifida, Human Diseases and Conditions retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spina-bifida/basics/con-20035356Muscular Dysthrophy by Human Diseases and Conditions retrieved from http://www.humanillnesses.com/original/Men-Os/Muscular-Dystrophy.html#ixzz3kSz28SgtThe Magna Carta for Disabled retrieved from http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/research/Philippines/RA%207277%20-%20Magna%20Carta%20of%20Disabled%20Persons.pdfIndividuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), American Psychological Association retrieved from http://www.apa.org/about/gr/issues/disability/idea.aspxInclusive Education, Philippines Foundation retrieved from http://lcdphilippinesfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/brochures/iebrochure.pdfSpecial Education Hand-out, under Inclusive Education Page 29-31Individualized Education Program (IEP) Goals: The Basicsretrieved from http://www.greatschools.org/gk/articles/individualized-education-program-iep-goals/

Education Techniques to Help Children with Cerebral Palsy in the Classroom, Bright Hum Education retrieved from http://www.brighthubeducation.com/special-ed-inclusion-strategies/43536-inclusive-teaching-strategies-for-students-with-cerebral-palsy/Spina Bifida, Strategies that makes difference retrieved from http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/inmdict/html/spina_bifida.htmlA teacher’s guide to Duchenne muscular dystrophy in primary schools retrieved from http://www.mda.org.nz/media/23708/2013%20Duchenne%20MD%20primary%20manual.pdf