experimental overview
DESCRIPTION
experimental overview. Federico Antinori (INFN Padova & CERN). Disclaimer. This selection is biassed and incomplete: too much material, not enough time I concentrated on flavour results and my personal selection at that in particular: in preparing this talk - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 11
experimental overviewexperimental overview
Federico AntinoriFederico Antinori(INFN Padova & CERN)(INFN Padova & CERN)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 22
DisclaimerDisclaimer
This selection is biassed and incomplete:This selection is biassed and incomplete: too much material, not enough timetoo much material, not enough time I concentrated on I concentrated on flavourflavour results results and my personal selection at thatand my personal selection at that
in particular: in preparing this talk in particular: in preparing this talk I have not tried to be ecumenicalI have not tried to be ecumenical I have tried to share with you what I’ll take home from this I have tried to share with you what I’ll take home from this
beautiful conferencebeautiful conference
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 33
ContentsContents
StrangenessStrangeness
QuarkoniaQuarkonia
Heavy FlavourHeavy Flavour
ConclusionsConclusions
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 44
StrangenessStrangeness
55
MotiváciaMotivácia s particle production suppressed (wrt production of s particle production suppressed (wrt production of
light flavour) in elementary collisionslight flavour) in elementary collisions
large system should easelarge system should ease ifif strangeness can be conserved over a large volume strangeness can be conserved over a large volume i.e.: correlation volume large! (e.g.: quarks freed in i.e.: correlation volume large! (e.g.: quarks freed in
QGP)QGP) if AA were simple superposition of pp if AA were simple superposition of pp no enhancement no enhancement
if sistem deconfined and particles built if sistem deconfined and particles built by recombination, expect larger by recombination, expect larger enhancement for multi-strangeenhancement for multi-strange enhancement increasing with s contentenhancement increasing with s content
enhancementenhancementremoval of suppressionremoval of suppression
s
u
s
d
u du
u
u
u
uu
u
u
uu
u
uu
u dd
d
d
d
d
d
d
d dd
dd
ds
s
s s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s ss
sd d
dd
d
dd
uu
u
u
uuu
u
d
K+
u+
+
-
p
-
[[Rafelski: Phys. Rep. 88 (1982) 331]Rafelski: Phys. Rep. 88 (1982) 331][Rafelski-Müller: P. R. Lett. 48 (1982) 1066[Rafelski-Müller: P. R. Lett. 48 (1982) 1066]][Koch, Müller & Rafelski: Phys. Rep. 142 (1986) [Koch, Müller & Rafelski: Phys. Rep. 142 (1986) 167]167]
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 66
centrality dependence also important to constrain models ! e.g.: “canonical suppression model” fast saturation with centrality
[Hamieh et al.: Phys. Lett. B486 (2000) 61]
Hyperon enhancementsHyperon enhancements top SPStop SPS
NA57
NA49
Giuseppe Bruno
Christoph Blume
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 77
energy dependence also constrains modelsenergy dependence also constrains models e.g. much weaker than predicted by canonical suppression e.g. much weaker than predicted by canonical suppression
model:model:
40 GeV
160 GeV
1
10
Redlich et al., JPG28 (2002) 2095
Giuseppe Bruno (NA57)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 88
Hyperon enhancements @ RHICHyperon enhancements @ RHIC
still strong, a bit lower than @ SPSstill strong, a bit lower than @ SPS
open: NA57 @ SPSopen: NA57 @ SPS closed: STAR @ RHICclosed: STAR @ RHIC
Lee Barnby (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 99
Now also Cu-CuNow also Cu-Cu
similar to Au-Ausimilar to Au-Au
Jun Takahashi (STAR)
open: Au-Au (STAR)open: Au-Au (STAR) closed: Cu-Cu (STAR)closed: Cu-Cu (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 1010
and also for and also for ΦΦ
role of canonical suppression?role of canonical suppression?
Nu Xu (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 1111
RRCPCP @ SPS @ SPS
Larger than @ RHICLarger than @ RHIC
NA49
PHENIX
NA49 preliminary NA49 preliminary
NA49 preliminary -0.3 < y < 0.7
Christoph Blume (NA49)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 1212
RRCPCP @ SPS @ SPS
no evidence for high pno evidence for high pTT suppression (Rsuppression (RCPCP < 1) < 1)
but similar relative but similar relative KK00
SS// pattern as at RHIC pattern as at RHIC
Giuseppe Bruno (NA57)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 1313
Relative Relative ΛΛ,K,K00SS R Rcpcp pattern ~ independent of √s, coll. pattern ~ independent of √s, coll.
systemsystem
Jun Takahashi (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 1414
KK00SS from NA45 from NA45
New approach:New approach: does not use separation of Kdoes not use separation of K00
SS vertex from primaryvertex from primary
use all (+,-) combinationsuse all (+,-) combinations S/B ~ 10S/B ~ 10-3-3
subtract mixed-events bckg and subtract mixed-events bckg and
sensitivity at low psensitivity at low pTT
Sylwester Radomski (NA45)
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Sylwester Radomski (NA45)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 1616
NA57-NA49-NA45 kaon NA57-NA49-NA45 kaon comparisoncomparison
not too bad…not too bad…
NA57 0-11%
NA49 0-10%
NA49 Nucl. Phys. A715 (2003) 453c, QM2002
NA45 0-7%scaled to 0-10%
NA49 0-5%scaled to 0-10%
K0s
½(K++K-)
NA49 Phys. Rev. C 66, 054902 (2002)NA57 Jour. Phys. G 31 (2005) 1345-1357NA45 S. Radomski Ph.D. thesis
5.0
5.0dy
dy
dNY
Giuseppe Bruno (NA57)
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Recombination triumphantRecombination triumphant
multi-strange enhancementsmulti-strange enhancements kinetic evidence from nkinetic evidence from nqq scaling of v scaling of v22, R, RCPCP
(+ KE(+ KET T at low momentum)at low momentum)Phys. Rev Lett. 98, 162301 (2007)
Hugo Pereira (PHENIX)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 1818
a flea in the ontiment?a flea in the ontiment?
shower (S) + thermal (T) recombinationshower (S) + thermal (T) recombination ΩΩ-- mostly from TTT (shower s suppressed) mostly from TTT (shower s suppressed)
[RC Hwa & CB Yang nucl-th/0602024]
no no ΩΩ-- in jets? in jets? but Ωbut Ω-- shows same side peak… shows same side peak…
Betty Abelev (STAR)
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……Fyre Burn & Cauldron Bubble…Fyre Burn & Cauldron Bubble…
e.g. STAR, using e.g. STAR, using ThermusThermus
Ye Thermal Fyttes Are Doing Well! Ye Thermal Fyttes Are Doing Well! (as usual…)(as usual…)
Jun Takahashi (STAR)
200 GeV
62.4 GeV
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2020
remarkable regularity in freeze-out systematicsremarkable regularity in freeze-out systematics
Jean Cleymans
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2121
Thermal parameters vs y?Thermal parameters vs y?
chemistry depends on ychemistry depends on y e.g.: baryon densitye.g.: baryon density
“net”
pro
ton
AGS
SPS
RHIC 62
RHIC 200
LHC 5500
dN
/dy
(BRAHMS preliminary)
Michael Murray (BRAHMS)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2222
Thermal parameters vs y!Thermal parameters vs y!
how to interpret T, µhow to interpret T, µBB from “4 from “4ππ”fits?”fits?
Jean Cleymans
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2323
(+ the step, the jump, the kink, the stomp, the bump, the whoopee…)(+ the step, the jump, the kink, the stomp, the bump, the whoopee…)
new expeditions to the region are being organizednew expeditions to the region are being organized
Low SPS energy anomalies?Low SPS energy anomalies?
[Marek Gazdzicki (NA49) QM04]Jan Rafelski
a.k.a. “the horn”a.k.a. “the horn”
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Lower energy still…Lower energy still…
again, thermal fit very good…again, thermal fit very good… Al+Al @ 1.9 A GeV (FOPI)Al+Al @ 1.9 A GeV (FOPI)
MeV780μ
MeV70T4080b
64
Al+Al
THERM. MOD.: .A. Andronic et al., NPA 772 (2006) 167
Xavier Lopez (FOPI)
chemical T < kinetic Tchemical T < kinetic T
exception to systematics?exception to systematics?
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ResonancesResonances
time
signal lost
signal measured late decay
signal measured
signal measuredearly decay
che
mic
al fr
eeze
-o
ut
p
pp
kin
etic
fre
eze
-out
re-scattering
regeneration
e+
e-leptonic decay
hadronic decay
Christina Markert (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2626
Resonance suppressionResonance suppression
can we extract information on system timescales?can we extract information on system timescales?
Life-time [fm/c] :K(892) = 4.0 =(1520) = 13 (1020) = 45
Christina Markert (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2727
K* vK* v22
Agrees better with n=2 Agrees better with n=2 expect n=4 from Kexpect n=4 from Kππ coalescence coalescence
Christina Markert (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2828
Mass shifts?Mass shifts?
e.g.: STAR K*e.g.: STAR K* ~ 10 MeV shift observed at low p~ 10 MeV shift observed at low pTT
could we be onto something?could we be onto something?
PDG K*0
PDG K*±
STAR Preliminary
MC
Patricia Fachini
same effect also in pp…same effect also in pp…
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 2929
Caveat…Caveat… 10 MeV shift comparable with typical size of instrumental 10 MeV shift comparable with typical size of instrumental
effects… e.g.:effects… e.g.:
D0+D0
NA45 KNA45 K00: a few MeV: a few MeV
STAR DSTAR D00 from e – D from e – D00 analysis: analysis:
~ 25 MeV~ 25 MeV
NA57 KNA57 K00: a few MeV: a few MeV
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3030
The SPS The SPS ΦΦ puzzle puzzle (NA49 vs NA50)(NA49 vs NA50)
News from NA60: better agreement with NA49, at least at low pNews from NA60: better agreement with NA49, at least at low pTT
NA60 In-In (pT < 1.6 GeV/c)NA49 Pb-PbNA50 Pb-Pb
NA60 In-In (pT > 1.1 GeV/c)NA49 Pb-PbNA50 Pb-Pb
Absolute yield in progressAbsolute yield in progress
Michele Floris (NA60)
Similar conclusion from NA45Similar conclusion from NA45
[NA45 - PRL 96 (2006) 152301]
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Quarkonia (& dileptons)Quarkonia (& dileptons)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3232
J/J/ψψ suppression suppression present status:present status:
SPS RHIC LHC
very similar suppression at very similar suppression at RHIC and SPS...RHIC and SPS... only only ’and ’and cc melt? melt? J/J/ melting compensated by cc melting compensated by cc
recombination?recombination?
at LHC we should at LHC we should finally be able to finally be able to tell...tell...
larger larger J/ J/ finally melts? finally melts?
more cc more cc reco dominates? reco dominates?
F.Karsch et al.: PLB637 75 (2006)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3333
J/J/: R: RAAAA at large rapidity at large rapidity
Larger suppression at Larger suppression at larger rapiditylarger rapidity
What controls suppression?What controls suppression? energy density?energy density? ……??
NA50 at SPS (0<y<1)PHENIX at RHIC (|y|<0.35)PHENIX at RHIC (1.2<|y|<2.2)
Hugo Pereira (PHENIX)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3434
ΥΥ in STARin STAR
• unlike-sign pairs— like-sign pairs
Lee Barnby (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3535
Intermediate mass excess (NA60)Intermediate mass excess (NA60)
Fit weighted impact parameter distributionFit weighted impact parameter distribution prompt from J/prompt from J/ψψ dimuons, charm from PYTHIA dimuons, charm from PYTHIA requires > 2 x expected D-Y to fit datarequires > 2 x expected D-Y to fit data
6500 A, 2match < 3
sensitivity to assumption on cc psensitivity to assumption on cc pTT, , ΔφΔφ extracted value of cc cross section ~ 2 – 3 larger than extrap.extracted value of cc cross section ~ 2 – 3 larger than extrap.
but compatible with extrapolation from NA50 p-Abut compatible with extrapolation from NA50 p-A
NA60
H.Woehri and C.Lourenco, Phys.Rep. 433 (2006) 127-180
Michele Floris (NA60)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3636
Intermediate mass excess (NA60)Intermediate mass excess (NA60)
Centrality and pT distribution of excessCentrality and pT distribution of excess
Michele Floris (NA60)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3737
PHENIX di-leptonsPHENIX di-leptons Low mass enhancement!Low mass enhancement!
+ intermediate mass suppression?+ intermediate mass suppression?
p+p Au+Au minimum bias
Watch this space!Watch this space!Christian Klein-Bösing (PHENIX)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3838
Heavy FlavourHeavy Flavour
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 3939
MotiváciaMotivácia
study medium with probes of known colour charge study medium with probes of known colour charge and massand mass e.g.: energy loss by gluon radiation expected to be:e.g.: energy loss by gluon radiation expected to be: parton-specific: stronger for gluons than quarks (colour parton-specific: stronger for gluons than quarks (colour
charge)charge) flavour-specific: stronger for lighter than for heavier quarks flavour-specific: stronger for lighter than for heavier quarks
(dead-cone effect)(dead-cone effect) study effect of medium on fragmentation (no extra study effect of medium on fragmentation (no extra
production of c, b at hadronization)production of c, b at hadronization) independent string fragmentation vs recombinationindependent string fragmentation vs recombination e.g.: De.g.: D++
ss/D/D++
+ measurement important for quarkonium physics+ measurement important for quarkonium physics open QQ production natural normalization for quarkonium open QQ production natural normalization for quarkonium
studiesstudies B meson decays non negligible source of non-prompt J/B meson decays non negligible source of non-prompt J/
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4040
Experimental techniques @ Experimental techniques @ RHICRHIC
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4141
Non-photonic electronsNon-photonic electrons Identified electron spectraIdentified electron spectra
STAR: dE/dx in TPC + TOF at low pSTAR: dE/dx in TPC + TOF at low pTT, EMC at high p, EMC at high pTT
PHENIX: combined RICH and E/p (with E from EM cal)PHENIX: combined RICH and E/p (with E from EM cal)
Rejection of non-heavy-flavour electronsRejection of non-heavy-flavour electrons Main source of electrons: “photonic”Main source of electrons: “photonic”
ee++ee-- conversions conversions Dalitz decays Dalitz decays 00 e e++ee-- Dalitz decays Dalitz decays e e++ee--
STAR:STAR: rejected by full invariant mass analysis of erejected by full invariant mass analysis of e++ee-- combinations combinations
PHENIX:PHENIX: estimated by simulation and subtracted (“cocktail method”)estimated by simulation and subtracted (“cocktail method”) measured by “converter method” and subtractedmeasured by “converter method” and subtracted
Other sources of non-charm electrons:Other sources of non-charm electrons: ,,,,, K decays, K decays
estimated by sim. and subtracted (in both STAR and PHENIX)estimated by sim. and subtracted (in both STAR and PHENIX)
(“internal conversions”)(“internal conversions”)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4242
Reconstructed decays (STAR)Reconstructed decays (STAR)
DD00 K K tracks from TPCtracks from TPC K, K, identification from dE/dx identification from dE/dx no separation of D decay vertexno separation of D decay vertex large combinatiorial background large combinatiorial background
evaluated by event mixing and evaluated by event mixing and subtractedsubtracted
that still leaves substantial that still leaves substantial background, subtracted with linear background, subtracted with linear fitfit
Andre Mischke (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4343
Low pLow pTT muons (STAR) muons (STAR)
in TPC (dE/dx)in TPC (dE/dx)
22 in TOFin TOF
3.3. fit to impact fit to impact parameter parameter distributiondistribution charm charm should ~ should ~
point to primary...point to primary...
[C Zhang (STAR) QM06]
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4444
Experimental statusExperimental status
4545
PHENIX ppPHENIX pp
Excess wrt FONLL:Excess wrt FONLL:
Similar situation also in CDF:Similar situation also in CDF:
[A. Adare et al. (PHENIX) Phys.Rev.Lett. 97 (2006) 252002]
Ratio: 1.72 0.02 (stat) 0.19 (sys)(0.3 < pT < 9.0 GeV/c)
D0
[D. Acosta et al. (CDF) PRL 91 (2003) 241804]
DongJo Kim (PHENIX)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4646
STAR v PHENIX ppSTAR v PHENIX pp
~ a factor 2 discrepancy~ a factor 2 discrepancy
hep-ex/0609010
[J. Lajoie (PHENIX) QM06]
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4747
STAR dAu, AuAuSTAR dAu, AuAu
Internal consistencyInternal consistency
[M. Calderon (STAR) QM06]
Lee Barnby (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4848
STAR v PHENIX dAu, AuAuSTAR v PHENIX dAu, AuAu Discrepancy pretty “stable” v collision system, channel, pDiscrepancy pretty “stable” v collision system, channel, pTT
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,010-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
1/(2N
evp T
)d2 N
/dp T
d y [(G
eV/c
)-2]
pT [GeV/c]
STAR Combined fit MB , electrons and D-mesons
Phenix MB Au+Au data
looks like something very basic...looks like something very basic...
[A. Suaide QM06]
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 4949
a curiosity…a curiosity…
STAR yield larger than STAR yield larger than PHENIX yield for PHENIX yield for ΦΦ
STAR
PHENIX
STAR + PHENIX
Patricia Fachini
J. Rafelski et al.,Phys.Rev. C72 (2005) 024905
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5050
STAR v PHENIX dAu, AuAuSTAR v PHENIX dAu, AuAu Discrepancy pretty “stable” v system, pDiscrepancy pretty “stable” v system, pTT
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,010-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
1/(2N
evp T
)d2 N
/dp T
d y [(G
eV/c
)-2]
pT [GeV/c]
STAR Combined fit MB , electrons and D-mesons
Phenix MB Au+Au data
looks like something very basic...looks like something very basic... of course then Rof course then RAAAA not too different... not too different...
[A. Suaide QM06]
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5151
STAR v PHENIX: RSTAR v PHENIX: RAAAA
RRAAAA of non-photonic electrons of non-photonic electrons
[A. Suaide QM06]
similar picture from STAR and PHENIXsimilar picture from STAR and PHENIX
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5252
InterpretationsInterpretations
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5353
Theoretically...Theoretically...
Energy loss for heavy flavours is expected to be reduced:Energy loss for heavy flavours is expected to be reduced:i)i) Casimir factorCasimir factor
light hadrons originate from a mixture of gluon and quark jets, light hadrons originate from a mixture of gluon and quark jets, heavy flavoured hadrons originate from quark jets heavy flavoured hadrons originate from quark jets
CCRR is 4/3 for quarks, 3 for gluons is 4/3 for quarks, 3 for gluons
ii)ii) dead-cone effectdead-cone effect gluon radiation expected to be suppressed for gluon radiation expected to be suppressed for < M < MQQ/E/EQQ
[Dokshitzer & Karzeev,[Dokshitzer & Karzeev, Phys. Lett. Phys. Lett. B519B519 (2001) 199] (2001) 199][Armesto et al., Phys. Rev. D69 (2004) 114003][Armesto et al., Phys. Rev. D69 (2004) 114003]
2 ˆ LqCE Rs
Casimir coupling factor
transport coefficient of the medium
average energy lossdistance travelled in the medium
R.Baier et al., Nucl. Phys. B483 (1997) 291 (“BDMPS”)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5454
Experimentally...Experimentally...
non ph. el. ~ as non ph. el. ~ as suppressed as light suppressed as light hadronshadrons
use of high density use of high density (qhat), introduction of (qhat), introduction of elastic (in addition to elastic (in addition to radiative) energy loss... radiative) energy loss... not enoughnot enough
high qhat and no beauty high qhat and no beauty electrons does betterelectrons does better
[B.I. Abelev et al (STAR): nucl-ex/0607012]
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5555
How much beauty?How much beauty? high phigh pTT region expected region expected
to be beauty-dominated to be beauty-dominated but how “high”?but how “high”?
[M. Cacciari et al.: PRL 95 (2005) 122001]
not easy to disentangle c/b not easy to disentangle c/b contributions to RHIC non ph. el. contributions to RHIC non ph. el. samples (no heavy flavour vertex samples (no heavy flavour vertex detectors in RHIC experiments)detectors in RHIC experiments)
[A. Suaide QM06]
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5656
e-h correlations in STARe-h correlations in STAR idea: Midea: MBB > M > MDD larger transverse kick for B electrons larger transverse kick for B electrons less pronounced correlation in B wrt D decaysless pronounced correlation in B wrt D decays
e-h from Be-h from DFit
from simulation of PYTHIA events
[X. Y. Lin: hep-ph/0602067][X. Y. Lin: QM06]
nice idea, of course relies heavily onnice idea, of course relies heavily on understanding of purity of “non ph. el.” understanding of purity of “non ph. el.” accuracy of simulationaccuracy of simulation
taken at face value: FONLL ratio ~ OKtaken at face value: FONLL ratio ~ OK
but then B also enhanced?but then B also enhanced?
Xiao Yan Lin (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5757
New approachNew approach electron-Delectron-D00 correlations in STAR (in pp) correlations in STAR (in pp)
Andre Mischke (STAR)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5858
By the way: the factor 9/4? By the way: the factor 9/4?
energy loss should be energy loss should be proportional to: proportional to: CCRR = 4/3 for q, = 3 for g = 4/3 for q, = 3 for g
at RHIC, at 6-8 GeV pat RHIC, at 6-8 GeV pTT: : x ~ 10 x ~ 10-1-1
large quark contribution large quark contribution also for light flavours?also for light flavours?
at LHC, at same pat LHC, at same pTT: : x ~ a few 10 x ~ a few 10-4-4
quark contribution quark contribution negligiblenegligible
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 5959
E loss being understood?E loss being understood?
DongJo Kim (PHENIX)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 6060
another sobering caveat…another sobering caveat…
Relative abundances in charm sector also important:Relative abundances in charm sector also important:
c/D
(e c)/(e D)
DD00 DD DDss++ cc
++
BR (XBR (Xe) e) in %in %
17.2 17.2 1.91.9
66..71 71 0.290.29
8 +6-58 +6-5 4.5 4.5 1.7 1.7
Sebastien Gadrat
(see also P Sorensen & X Dong, PRC 74 (2006) 024902)
and what about Dand what about Dss?? s enhancement!s enhancement!
e.g.: e.g.: ΛΛcc/D may change /D may change from pp to AAfrom pp to AA
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 6161
Vertex Detectors!Vertex Detectors!
need less indirect measurementneed less indirect measurement
full reconstruction of charm decays!full reconstruction of charm decays! get rid of b/c ambiguitiesget rid of b/c ambiguities study relative abundances in charm sectorstudy relative abundances in charm sector
Silicon Pixels in ALICE (+ ATLAS, CMS)Silicon Pixels in ALICE (+ ATLAS, CMS)
Silicon Vertex upgrades in STAR, PHENIXSilicon Vertex upgrades in STAR, PHENIX
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 6262
tDpp
tDAA
collt
DAA dpdN
dpdN
NpR
/
/1)(
tepp
teAA
collt
eAA dpdN
dpdN
NpR
/
/1)(
Expected ALICE performance on D, B Expected ALICE performance on D, B RRAAAA
mb = 4.8 GeV
D0 K B e + X
1 year at nominal luminosity(107 central Pb-Pb events, 109 pp events)
mass dependencecolour charge dependence
)()()( D from eB from e/ tAAtAAtDB pRpRpR )()()(/ t
hAAt
DAAthD pRpRpR
Andrea Dainese (ALICE)
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 6363
ConclusionsConclusions
Flavour in Quark Matter is going strong!Flavour in Quark Matter is going strong!
Extension to hard sector tantalizingly promisingExtension to hard sector tantalizingly promising
Heavy flavour: we need more experimental Heavy flavour: we need more experimental information!information!
two quantum jumps ahead:two quantum jumps ahead: vertex detectors (ALICE, ATLAS, CBM, CMS, PHENIX, STAR)vertex detectors (ALICE, ATLAS, CBM, CMS, PHENIX, STAR) LHCLHC
very high rates (expect ~ 100 cc, ~ 5 bb per central Pb-Pb!)very high rates (expect ~ 100 cc, ~ 5 bb per central Pb-Pb!) truly hard probestruly hard probes + low x !+ low x !
Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007Federico Antinori - Levoča - 29 jún 2007 6464
A big A big
ĎakujemĎakujem to the Organizers to the Organizers for an excellent for an excellent
SQM 2007 ConferenceSQM 2007 Conference(from every point of view)(from every point of view)